...he [[trapezium]].<ref name=":1">Moore KL, Dalley AF. ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy.'' Fifth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 2006</ref> I
...ezoid bone (left hand) - Animation01.gif|center|thumb|Trapezoid bone (left hand)]]
2 KB (295 words) - 22:40, 29 August 2019
...i/File:Triangular_bone_(left_hand)_-_animation01.gif Triquetrum bone (left hand) animation]]]
...triquetrum is derived from the Latin word ''triquetrus'' which means "three-cornered". Sometimes it is also called triquetral bone, triangular bone or c
2 KB (264 words) - 22:40, 29 August 2019
...he hypothenar eminence.<ref name=":0">Jenkins DB. Hollinshead's Functional Anatomy of the Limbs and Back, 9th edition. Elsevier Health Services, 2008.</ref>
[[File:The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface..gif|thumb]]
2 KB (284 words) - 18:30, 6 November 2020
...escent moon.<ref name=":0">Gray H. ''[https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html Anatomy of the Human Body].'' Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918
...e:Lunate bone (left hand) - animation01.gif|center|thumb|Lunate bone (Left hand) - Animation]]
2 KB (347 words) - 14:01, 20 December 2022
...ngular bone.<ref name=":0">Gray H. ''[https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html Anatomy of the Human Body].'' Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918
...apezium bone (left hand) - Animation.gif|center|thumb|Trapezium Bone (left hand)]]
3 KB (456 words) - 22:40, 29 August 2019
...f the wrist.<ref name=":0">Gray H. ''[https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html Anatomy of the Human Body].'' Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918
...(left hand) - animation.gif|center|thumb|Scaphoid bone (animation) - Left hand]]
3 KB (420 words) - 20:05, 21 July 2022
...f the pisiform bone]. Journal of Hand and Microsurgery. 2018 Apr;10(01):037-40.</ref>. The pisiform can be found in the proximal row of carpal bones<ref
...rom: https://www.imaios.com/en/e-anatomy/anatomical-structure/pisiform-bone-1537019620</ref>. The lateral surface is rough and concave and the medial su
4 KB (595 words) - 16:54, 26 July 2023
...sic Muscles of the Hand Superficial sin.png|thumb|Intrinsic muscles of the hand]]
...f the [[Ulnar Nerve|ulnar nerve]], which stems from the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Brachial_plexus brachial plexus] (C8, T1 spinal nerves)
3 KB (518 words) - 10:26, 12 December 2020
[[Image:Dorsal interossei of the hand.png|border|right]]
...medial side. <ref name="Palastanga et al">Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and human movement. Structure and function. 5th ed. London: Butterworth Hei
4 KB (591 words) - 18:29, 12 November 2020
...Special Tests.] Home Health Care Management & Practice. 2011 Jun;23(3):218-20.</ref>.
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
4 KB (528 words) - 17:46, 3 November 2020
...') is the largest and most central carpal bone, that forms the [[Wrist and Hand|wrist]].
|[[File:Capitate hand.gif|none|thumb]]
3 KB (339 words) - 21:49, 26 February 2020
...and.png|alt=Flexor retinaculum of hand.png |thumb|'''Flexor retinaculum of hand''']]
...aurasia's Human Anatomy. CBS Publishers & Distributors PVt Ltd.; 2010. p112-13.</ref>.
3 KB (416 words) - 17:22, 10 October 2020
...seen in thumb movement.<ref>Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AW, Gray H. Gray's anatomy for Students 2nd edition. Philadelphia : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier,
It originates from the mid-third of the [[ulna]], and interosseous membrane
4 KB (581 words) - 00:44, 3 February 2024
The major function of the human [[Wrist and Hand|hand]] is to manipulate objects to accomplish a goal.
* The ability of a human hand to assure a myriad of position and to apply only the precise amount of pres
7 KB (964 words) - 09:59, 18 August 2022
...mek-Piotrowska W, Mazur M, Kuniewicz M, Bonczar T. Anatomy of Guyon's canal-a systematic review. Folia Medica Cracoviensia. 2014;54(2).</ref>
...ish RA. Clinical anatomy of the hand. Reumatologia clinica. 2012 Dec 1;8:25-32.</ref>
3 KB (426 words) - 12:22, 16 April 2024
...ngers at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and [[Interphalangeal Joints of the Hand|interphalangeal]] (IP) joints, causing these fingers to remain extended whi
...Pope, might have had an ulnar neuropathy, which influenced the traditional hand blessing posture. However, this specific condition affects the ability to a
5 KB (650 words) - 11:34, 6 May 2024
...<ref>Acosta JR, Graefe SB, Varacallo M. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Adductor Pollicis [Internet]. Nih.gov. StatPearls Publishing; 2023 [cited 2
...aurasia's Human Anatomy. CBS Publishers & Distributors PVt Ltd.; 2010. p112-13.</ref>
4 KB (531 words) - 12:04, 19 March 2024
[[File:ECR-brevis.png|thumb|612x612px]]
...he prime dorsiflexor of the wrist.<ref name=":2">Walkowski AD, Goldman EM. Anatomy, shoulder and upper limb, forearm extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. St
4 KB (497 words) - 23:07, 2 February 2024
...xtensor digitorum communis muscle spreads out into four (4) flat [[Tendon Anatomy|tendons]] deep to the extensor retinaculum to the medial four fingers....
...halangeal joints. <ref name=":0" /> It also acts to extend the [[Wrist and Hand|wrist]] joint.
3 KB (408 words) - 15:13, 18 December 2020
...nsor retinaculum of the wrist. Journal of Hand Surgery. 1984 Jul 1;9(4):495-501.</ref>
...extensor tendons in alignment and prevent bowstringing during [[Wrist and Hand Mobilisations|movements]].<ref name=":0" />
3 KB (340 words) - 16:02, 29 August 2023
...f>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Musculus_abductor_digiti_minimi_(Hand).png</ref>]]
...ailable at: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/abductor-digiti-minimi-muscle-hand (Accessed: April 23, 2023).</ref>. On occasion, an accessory abductor digit
4 KB (474 words) - 11:04, 23 April 2023
...ide of the wrist.<ref name=":0">Moore KL, Dalley AF. ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy.'' Fifth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 2006</ref> S
...n the medial side of the distal row of carpal bones. The hamate has a wedge-like shape with a distinct bony process called hook of hamate that extends f
4 KB (548 words) - 15:38, 18 May 2022
The innervation of this muscle is provided by the Median nerve(C6-C7).
...ng S, Ellis H, Healy J, Johnson D, Williams A, Collins P, Wigley C. Gray's anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. American journal of neuroradiol
4 KB (554 words) - 13:21, 24 February 2022
...three muscles forming the thenar em<nowiki/>inence.<ref>Cael C. Functional anatomy. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2011</ref
...Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and human movement. 4th ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2002.</ref>
3 KB (437 words) - 18:07, 9 October 2020
...and] Available from:https://teachmeanatomy.info/upper-limb/misc/structures-hand/ (accessed 18 March 2020)</ref>
== Anatomy ==
4 KB (541 words) - 07:00, 10 April 2022
...inence (little finger).Muscles make up the eminences on either side of the hand. The thenar eminence muscles are primarily responsible for controlling the
# The [[Abductor Digiti Minimi (Hand)|abductor digiti minimi]] muscle,
3 KB (500 words) - 15:58, 6 December 2021
...he Journal of Hand Surgery: British & European Volume. 1999 Oct 1;24(5):575-8.</ref> -
...unis|Extensor Digitorum]].<ref>Cael C. Functional anatomy: musculoskeletal anatomy, kinesiology, and palpation for manual therapists. Jones & Bartlett Learnin
4 KB (498 words) - 12:08, 25 October 2020
[[File:Ape Hand.jpg|thumb]]
...first metacarpal to swing over the palmar surface of the [[Wrist and Hand|hand]] so that the thumb and the tip of the little finger are in contact. The th
4 KB (522 words) - 16:39, 8 August 2023
...long bones<ref name=":0">Moore KL, Dalley AF, R. AAM. Clinically oriented anatomy. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2018.</ref>. Sesamoids
* In the hand at the head of the 1st metacarpal - one in the combined tendon of the [[Fle
3 KB (359 words) - 15:40, 3 July 2023
...f [[Palmaris Longus|palmaris longus]] <ref name=":1">Sinnatamby CS. Last's Anatomy, International Edition: Regional and Applied. Elsevier Health Sciences; 201
...e proximal phalanx. Digital vessels and tendons of the [[Lumbricals of the Hand|lumbricals]] pass through the intervals between these four slips. When the
3 KB (421 words) - 01:40, 16 December 2021
...chniques are listed below. For relevant hip anatomy, see [[Hip Anatomy|Hip Anatomy]]. Hip mobilizations may also be beneficial for individuals with hip osteoa
...sterior portion of the proximal femur on the involved side. The mobilizing hand imparts a glide directly perpendicular to the long axis of the femur. The f
5 KB (674 words) - 02:10, 12 June 2020
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
...aminer is placing his fingers of one hand near the apex and with the other hand near the base of the patella, while the fingers are used to alternate press
4 KB (650 words) - 09:00, 12 June 2021
[[File:1024px-1121 Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Deep LD.png|thumb]]
<ref>By CFCF - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44236045</ref>
1 KB (209 words) - 19:18, 16 February 2020
The ulnar nerve originates from C8-T1 nerve roots which form the medial cord of the [[Brachial Plexus|brachial
...m. It starts with muscular and cutaneous branches in the upper forearm and hand. After the ulnar nerve passes behind the medial epicondyle, it enters the f
8 KB (1,117 words) - 12:04, 19 March 2024
...s a triangular depression found on the lateral aspect of the dorsum of the hand. It is located at the level of the carpal bones and best seen when the thu
...fbox’.<ref name=":0">http://teachmeanatomy.info/upper-limb/areas/anatomical-snuffbox/</ref>
5 KB (730 words) - 23:00, 29 August 2019
[[File:Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand PIL.png|thumb|Palmar Interosseous Muscle-Hand]]
...tps://europepmc.org/article/med/30725850 Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Palmar Interosseous Muscle.] In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasur
5 KB (737 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
[[File:Brachioradialis, Grays Anatomy.gif|thumb|500x500px|<ref>Gray, Henry. ''Anatomy of the Human Body.'' Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1918; Bartleby.com, 2000
...ong flat tendon begins, then the tendon continues to the radius.<ref name="Anatomy.">Helen J.Hislop Jacqueline Montgomery,Muscle Testing,2007,8th edition.</re
6 KB (813 words) - 23:01, 25 February 2021
...x.<ref name=":0">Drake R, Vogl W, Mitchell A. Gray's Anatomy for Students E-Book. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2009.</ref>
...N. Mechanical advantage of the thumb muscles. J Biomech. 1998 Jun;31(6):565-70.</ref>
4 KB (498 words) - 18:55, 17 May 2021
[[File:Hand and wrist bones II.JPG|thumb]]
...radioulnar joint instability]. Journal of Wrist Surgery. 2017 May;6(02):088-96.</ref>.
3 KB (444 words) - 20:55, 26 July 2023
...her. As its name suggests it is a wrist extensor and can be palpated infero-posteriorly to the elbow.
...loid process of the radius.<ref name=":0">Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and human movement: structure and function. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2006.
6 KB (798 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...nerve.]] <ref name=":1">Drake, RL, Vogl, W, Mitchell, AW, Gray, H. Gray's anatomy for Students 2nd ed. Philadelphia : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, 2010
...":1" /><ref name=":2">Moore, KL, Dalley, AF, Agur, AM. Clinically oriented anatomy. 7<sup>th</sup> ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014</re
5 KB (722 words) - 10:26, 27 February 2024
...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
..., P. Three-Digit Allen's Test. Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2007; 84 (2):686-687. </ref>
7 KB (1,100 words) - 23:10, 31 January 2021
...ps://archive.org/stream/anatomyofhumanbo1918gray#page/454/mode/2up Gray H. Anatomy of the human body]. Lea & Febiger; 1878.</ref>
...the dorsal side.<ref name=":1">Cael C. Functional anatomy: musculoskeletal anatomy, kinesiology, and palpation for manual therapists. Jones & Bartlett Learnin
3 KB (427 words) - 15:56, 25 October 2020
...[humerus]]<ref name=":0">Drake, RL, Vogl, W, Mitchell, AW, Gray, H. Gray's anatomy for Students 2nd ed. Philadelphia : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, 2010
== Function<ref>Moore, KL, Dalley, AF, Agur, AM. Clinically oriented anatomy. 7<sup>th</sup> ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014</re
4 KB (538 words) - 14:56, 10 January 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...Roos DB. Diagnosing thoracic outlet syndrome. Hand Clin. 2004 Feb;20(1):27-36. (evidence level E)</ref>
3 KB (404 words) - 22:25, 31 January 2021
...ntrinsic foot muscles with morphological profiles of the foot]. Journal of Anatomy. 2022 Aug 24;241(6).
...ion and name to [[Abductor digiti minimi of hand|abductor digiti minimi of hand,]] but for the little toe of the foot.
4 KB (619 words) - 19:23, 16 December 2023
...seen in thumb movement.<ref>Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AW, Gray H. Gray's anatomy for Students 2nd ed. Philadelphia : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, 2010<
...: anatomical study and clinical significance]. Folia Morphol 2019;78(2):394-400.DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2018.0091
7 KB (981 words) - 16:03, 24 October 2020
...=":0">Gosling JA, Harris PF, Humpherson JR, Whitmore I, Willan PL. ''Human Anatomy: Color Atlas and Textbook''. phot. by A.L. Bentley (5th ed.). Philadelphia:
...on the function of the lumbrical muscle. ''J Hand Surg Am''. 2014;39(1):149-155.</ref>
8 KB (1,211 words) - 17:58, 17 March 2023
.../><ref>Kang SH, Chae S, Kim J, Lee J, Park IJ. [https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/Fulltext/2021/09240/Scapholunate_and_lunotriquetral_interosseous.4.a
...adiopedia, viewed 20/12/22, https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lunotriquetral-ligament?lang=us</ref>
3 KB (425 words) - 15:15, 20 December 2022
==== Therapist position and hand placement ====
The therapist stand behind the patient, places one hand under the tibia to stabilize it.
7 KB (1,117 words) - 07:05, 26 February 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
*Radial abduction of wrist (0-25°)
6 KB (947 words) - 04:33, 31 March 2022
[[File:RA Hand 1.png|right|frameless]]
...[Wrist and Hand|hand joints]] and leading to impairment in [[Hand Function|hand function]]<nowiki/>s.
8 KB (1,149 words) - 22:18, 1 September 2023
...f the [[Thenar and Hypothenar Muscles Of The Hand|thenar]] eminence of the hand.
...edicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2012 Jan;5:CMAMD-S8443.</ref>
6 KB (850 words) - 13:17, 29 October 2020
[[File:Flexor-digitorum-profundus.png|thumb|401x401px|Flexor Digitorum Profundus]]
...://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526046/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Flexor Digitorum Profundus Muscle.] InStatPearls [Internet] 2019 Feb 10. St
9 KB (1,366 words) - 14:41, 18 December 2020
...ng the [[ulna]]. It forms the radio-carpal joint at the wrist and the radio-ulnar joint at the [[elbow]]. It is similar to the [[tibia]] of the lower li
...n as the superior radioulnar joint.<ref>Chaurasia BD. Bd Chaurasia’s Human Anatomy Regional and Applied Dissection and Clinical. 2013.
6 KB (974 words) - 22:10, 21 December 2023
<div class="editorbox">'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
...uirre K, Mudreac A, Kiel J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513344/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Subscapularis Muscle.] StatPearls [Internet]. 202
7 KB (1,122 words) - 02:31, 2 February 2024
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...rmis muscle is innervated by the direct branches from the sacral plexus (L5-S2).
6 KB (969 words) - 14:45, 7 February 2021
...ion of abductor pollicis longus muscle.] Journal of Anatomy. 1991, 174: 221-227</ref>
...r branches in the forearm]. The Journal of Hand Surgery 1997 Mar;22A(2):232-37</ref>
6 KB (982 words) - 18:04, 1 March 2023
...doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.04.001</ref>. Although the muscles of the human hand are found in one or more extant non–human primates, it is the combination
This page outlines the thenar and hypothenar muscles of the hand.
12 KB (1,871 words) - 14:47, 24 June 2023
[[File:Anconeus-muscle-l.jpg|thumb|Anconeous muscle]]
...rchitecture of the anconeus muscle]. Int. J. Morphol. 2009 Dec 1;27(4):1009-2.</ref>
5 KB (722 words) - 22:22, 25 June 2022
== Anatomy ==
* Elbow complex is designed to serve hand.
6 KB (710 words) - 23:22, 30 January 2024
...://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539723/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscle.] [Last updated: March 24, 2019]</ref
* The humeroulnar head originates off the common origin of [[Wrist and Hand|wrist flexors]] i.e. medial epicondyle of the [[humerus]] and the medial bo
9 KB (1,382 words) - 15:00, 3 November 2020
...resulting from epicondylitis. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine. 2002;1:117-121.</ref>.
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
4 KB (635 words) - 12:27, 2 October 2022
[[Extensor Hood Mechanism Hand|Extensor hood]] rupture is a rare injury associated with boxing and other p
...Rupture, 2009;4(2):177–179. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s11552-008-9154-7</nowiki>
8 KB (1,127 words) - 03:09, 19 April 2020
...988; Examination of the scaphoid; Journal of Hand Surgery, volume: 13A, 657-60. evidence level: F
...oid Shift in the Uninjured Wrist; Journal of Hand Surgery, volume: 19A, 604-606 evidence level: C</ref><br>
8 KB (1,238 words) - 18:55, 7 August 2023
...ng|alt=GOOGLE IMAGES|thumb|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray244.png anatomy] for articularis genu muscle]]
...ius.<ref name=":0">Grob K, Gilbey H, Manestar M, Ackland T, Kuster MS. The anatomy of the articularis genus muscle and its relation to the extensor apparatus
4 KB (607 words) - 16:00, 17 February 2023
== Clinical Relevant Anatomy ==
...erman AL, Fedorczyk J, Amadio PC, Felder S, Shin EK. Rehabilitation of the hand and upper extremity. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2020 Jan 14.</ref>
5 KB (667 words) - 14:53, 15 November 2020
...6july 2019)</ref><ref name=":0">Keith L. , Anne M. R . Clinically Oriented Anatomy . philidephia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Feb 13, 2013</ref>
...ell AWM. Gray's Anatomy for Students. 39th ed. London; Elsevier; 2005. p574-575</ref>
5 KB (757 words) - 07:40, 27 February 2024
...ciae latae perforator flap. Plastic Reconstructive Surgery: 2009;124(1):181-9. Doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181ab114c. PMID:19568071</ref>
...dius,]] and [[Gluteus Minimus|gluteus minimus]] in a wide variety of [[Hip Anatomy|hip]] movements, including flexion, abduction, and internal rotation.
9 KB (1,510 words) - 06:02, 30 January 2024
== Bony Anatomy ==
...Edition Edinburg: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999</ref>, allowing the hand to explore and control the environment and objects.
12 KB (1,625 words) - 00:05, 30 December 2022
...a%2f%2fjosr-online.biomedcentral.com%2farticles%2f10.1186%2fs13018-016-0430-x/RK=2/RS=GoJ6sJnAOhKzALtctTKkVWAjJCg- Ankle Impingement].''Journal of Ortho
=== Clinically Relevant anatomy ===
5 KB (751 words) - 23:01, 2 March 2021
...copy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 2007 Nov 1;23(11):1180-6.</ref>
...or knee pain. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine. 2006 Jul 1;14(3):203-11.</ref><ref name=":0" />
3 KB (385 words) - 02:48, 9 January 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
...the rotator cuff muscles. <ref name=":0">Jeno SH, Munjal A, Schindler GS. Anatomy, shoulder and upper limb, arm supraspinatus muscle. StatPearls Publishing;
4 KB (619 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...JJ. Avascular Necrosis of the Sesamoids. Foot Ankle Clin. 2019 Mar;24(1):57-67.</ref>
...of the flexor hallucis brevis insertion. Foot Ankle Int. 2010 Jan;31(1):65-8.</ref> Within this tendon sits the tibial sesamoid bone.
4 KB (692 words) - 16:30, 20 January 2022
...aft: an ultrasound study. The Journal of hand surgery. 1991 Jul 1;16(4):708-11.</ref>.
== Anatomy ==
6 KB (940 words) - 10:29, 2 July 2020
...view image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/study/main-muscles-of-lower-limb</ref>
== Anatomy ==
4 KB (610 words) - 07:38, 1 April 2022
...et]. [cited 2018 Mar 21]. Available from: https://rad.washington.edu/muscle-atlas/brachialis/</ref>
...al insertional footprint of the brachialis muscle: 3D morphometric study]. Anatomy Research International. 2015;2015.</ref>
5 KB (685 words) - 19:01, 8 March 2024
...s of the wrist. Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 2016 Jan;41(1):7-21.</ref> it was found that throughout all motions, the ligaments are always
...chanics, and Loads of the Wrist Joint]. Life. 2022 Jan 27;12(2):188.</ref> Hand function has four important components:
12 KB (1,677 words) - 18:51, 17 January 2023
...etiology, and management]. Clinics in plastic surgery. 1998 Oct 1;25(4):537-52.</ref>.
...hand with congenital deformity in Apert syndrome|Apert hand, a congenital hand deformity|thumb|center|349x349px]]
10 KB (1,320 words) - 15:16, 9 January 2023
...dial artery.<ref name=":0">https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/radial-artery</ref>
...es of the ulnar artery in the hand. <ref name=":2">Richard M. M; Zachary G.Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Forearm Radial Artery. InStatPearls [Internet] Au
9 KB (1,510 words) - 09:38, 9 June 2022
[[File:Bennett-Fracture.jpg|right|frameless|643x643px]]
...e Bennett Fracture] Available from:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/bennett-fracture (last accessed 21.3.2020)</ref>
9 KB (1,228 words) - 17:27, 1 July 2020
|[[Dorsal Interossei of the Hand|Dorsal Interossei]]
|[[Lumbricals of the Hand|Lumbricals]]
9 KB (1,143 words) - 02:32, 29 April 2022
...m JA, Reddy V, Varacallo M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539845/ Anatomy, autonomic nervous system].Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NB
...i.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-anatomy/peripheral-nervous-system/autonomic-nervous-system (accessed 11.4.20220 </ref>.
5 KB (641 words) - 06:11, 11 April 2022
...and hand.<ref>https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-radius-and-the-ulna</ref>
[[File:Overview_of_the_radius_and_ulna_-_Kenhub.png|alt=Overview of the radius and ulna (anterior and posterior view
6 KB (946 words) - 14:49, 27 July 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
The Deltoid muscle is a large triangular-shaped muscle that lies over the [[Glenohumeral Joint|glenohumeral joint]] a
9 KB (1,265 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...rent Sports Medicine Reports:] September 2011 - Volume 10 - Issue 5 - p 271-278 doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31822d4000 </ref>
4 KB (521 words) - 12:58, 20 June 2022
The ulnar fovea sign is a clinical test used to specify the cause of ulnar-sided wrist pain.
...Pain:] An Analysis of Sensitivity and Specificity, American Society of the Hand, 2007</ref>
6 KB (902 words) - 13:17, 2 October 2022
...M. Ulnar tunnel syndrome. The Journal of hand surgery. 2014 Mar 1;39(3):571-9.</ref><ref name=":3" />
The ulnar nerve is one of the major nerves of the hand and travels down the neck through the medial epicondyle, than passes under
11 KB (1,653 words) - 12:22, 16 April 2024
...men. S. F. Gunther, D. DiPasquale, and R. Martin. Yale J Biol Med. 1993 May-Jun; 66(3): 203–208.</ref>
...ment of Struthers is thought to be a vestige of the tendon of the latissimo-condyloideus muscle, found in some climbing animals
3 KB (397 words) - 17:35, 27 August 2019
...or digitorum profundus tendon: an experimental study. Hand.] 1978 Feb(1):52-5.</ref>.
{{#ev:youtube|rpvx5APhudw|300}}<ref>Dr.Hemant sharma. Jersey finger (hand injury) 2. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpvx5APhudw&t=22
9 KB (1,407 words) - 19:54, 10 April 2022
...al nerves]] that originate from the thoracic segments of the [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]]. These nerves mainly supply the skin over the chest and intri
...s://www.marylandbackandneckpaindoctors.com/symptoms-of-thoracic-spine-nerve-damage/ (accessed 7,2,2022)</ref>.
6 KB (958 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...Femoral stress fractures. Clinics in sports medicine.] 1997 Apr 1;16(2):307-17.</ref>
=== '''Clinically Relevant Anatomy''' ===
5 KB (682 words) - 20:30, 31 January 2021
<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">- </span>[[User:Joshua Samuel|Joshua Samuel]]
...ral view image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/scalene-muscles</ref>
9 KB (1,366 words) - 21:58, 21 March 2023
[[File:Palmaris-longus-horizontal.png|thumb|Palmaris Longus muscle in the Flexor compartment of the
...lmaris longus affect grip and pinch strength? - PubMed - NCBI Aug;30(4):406-8.</ref>
8 KB (1,242 words) - 17:14, 31 August 2021
...Pronator quadratus revisited.] Journal of Hand Surgery. 1996 Dec;21(6):714-22.</ref>
...uropean Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology. 2020 Jan 1;30(1):103-7.</ref>
6 KB (956 words) - 11:00, 7 October 2020
...ee. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2012; 45: 592-607.
=== Anatomy ===
7 KB (969 words) - 01:04, 29 August 2019
Welcome to the fascinating world of humerus anatomy—a cornerstone in the realm of physiotherapy. Understanding the intricacie
...th a keen focus on patient well-being, delving into the nuances of humerus anatomy opens up a myriad of possibilities for effective intervention and support.
10 KB (1,446 words) - 16:41, 27 December 2023
...er AM, Adkins Z, Wobser RW. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519524/ Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Bones (Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis)]. StatPearls [Intern
You can find the iliac crests by placing the sides of your forefinger/hand in the fleshy part of the waist at the level of the umbilicus, move inferio
4 KB (662 words) - 02:32, 7 November 2021
...le ligament laxity. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2010 May;18(5):628-33. </ref>.<br>
.... The heel is held from below by one hand by the therapist while the other hand holds the lower leg. While maintaining the ankle in a neutral position, the
3 KB (395 words) - 15:10, 27 February 2021
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Chelsea_Mclene Chelsea Mclene]
...ezes RG. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541001/#_NBK541001_pubdet_ Anatomy, Thorax, Cervical Rib].[updated 2020 Aug 22]. In:StatPearls[Internet].Treas
8 KB (1,140 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
[[File:Abdominal curl-CDC strength training for older adults.gif|thumb|Abdominal curl up]]
...xion has many elements including [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]], [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]], and [[lumbar]] motion. Measurement is difficult and may be done
3 KB (378 words) - 04:21, 31 January 2022
...N. P., Soames, R. W., & Nigel Palastanga MA BA FCSP DMS DipTP (2011). Anatomy and human movement: Structure and function (Physiotherapy essentials) (6th
*Lateral dorsal surface of the hand
8 KB (1,146 words) - 17:12, 22 April 2022
...ide of its origin. <ref>Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Philadelphia; Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2017</ref>
[[File:Trochlear-nerve-illustration.jpg|alt=|thumb|300x300px|Trochlear nerve illustration]]
5 KB (799 words) - 17:21, 24 April 2022
...treat?]. Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma. 2020 Jul 1;11(4):570-9.</ref>
...cular disk]. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research®. 1992 Feb 1;275:19-28.</ref>
9 KB (1,301 words) - 10:55, 6 December 2022
...A (2005). [https://booksofdiscovery.com/for-instructors/trail-guide-to-the-body/#TGBNEW Trail Guide to the Body] (2nd ed). Boulder, CO: Books of Discov
== Anatomy ==
10 KB (1,416 words) - 15:34, 21 March 2023
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
*C7 innervates --> middle finger -->[[Wrist and Hand|wrist flexors]]
6 KB (837 words) - 22:02, 31 January 2021
* '''Serratus Posterior Superior''': Originates from the C7-T3 vertebrae spinous process and nuchal ligament.
* '''Serratus Posterior Inferior''': Originates from the T11-L2 vertebrae spinous process
6 KB (806 words) - 21:36, 19 April 2024
== Anatomy ==
...ts implication for understanding low back pain. Spine. 1996 Mar 1;21(5):556-62.</ref>
4 KB (595 words) - 21:31, 31 January 2021
[[File:Interphalangeal joints of hand.jpg|thumb|Interphalangeal joints of hand (green)]]
...the phalanges of the fingers that provide flexion towards the palm of the hand.<ref>Peter B, Alain G, [https://books.google.com/books?id=-pzGRMvXFzAC&pg=P
14 KB (2,014 words) - 09:55, 28 March 2022
[[File:Extensor-carpi-ulnaris.png|thumb]]
...name=":0">Sawyer E, Tadi P. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539760/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Forearm Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle.] [Updated
10 KB (1,444 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...anagement of scapholunate ligament injuries. ''Orthop Res Rev''. 2018;10:41-54
...-Dislocation of the Wrist. First Edition. Milan: Springer Verlag, 2013. p19-20.</ref>
8 KB (1,160 words) - 14:02, 20 December 2022
...ame=":0">Farrell C, Kiel J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534856/ Anatomy, Back, Rhomboid Muscles.] StatPearls [Internet]. 2021 Jul 26. Available:htt
...r view image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/rhomboid-muscles</ref>
10 KB (1,387 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...strings]].<ref name="anatomytv">Primal Pictures. Available from:http://www.anatomy.tv/interactivehip (accessed 8 May 2015)</ref>
...f name="primalonlinelearning">Primal Pictures. Available from: https://www.anatomy.tv/#bicepsfemoris (accessed 8 May 2015). </ref>
10 KB (1,461 words) - 01:58, 23 March 2024
...performing seven specific tasks using the arm, one of which is playing a [[Hand Dystonia|musical]] instrument.
See the original [[Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery after Stroke]]
6 KB (852 words) - 16:27, 23 April 2022
...th American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy 2008; volume 3, number 2:107-109 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: B</ref><br>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
5 KB (707 words) - 11:02, 2 October 2022
== Anatomy ==
...nd the lacertus fibrosus (bicipital fascia) and is separated from the elbow-joint by the [[brachialis]].
16 KB (2,379 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shreya_Pavaskar Shreya Pavaskar]
...scopically in patients with anterior shoulder instability and engaging Hill-Sachs lesions.
5 KB (696 words) - 11:01, 29 November 2022
[[Image:Lend-a-hand.jpg|right|200px]]
...natomy Editor in Physiopedia''' x4 - suitable to anyone willing to develop anatomy content in Physiopedia
4 KB (564 words) - 12:20, 27 May 2014
...ed with an artificial joint- a prosthesis. It aims to create a stable, pain-free joint with a functional range of movement when conservative treatments
...he wrist and usually lasts for about 10 to 15 years. Implant survival of 90-100% at five years are mostly reported using newer second generation and thi
9 KB (1,374 words) - 13:44, 11 January 2024
...ref>Nigel Palastanga; Roger W. Soames (2012). Churchill Livingstone, ed. ''Anatomy and Human Movement: Structure and Function''.</ref>.
...a serrated edge<ref>https://radiopaedia.org/articles/posterior-longitudinal-ligament</ref>.
6 KB (897 words) - 12:23, 29 January 2020
...r:Yuliya Bugera|Yuliya Bugera]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]] '''Top Contributors''
...th, loss of range of motion (ROM), and joint stiffness leading to impaired hand function and difficulty with daily activities.
15 KB (2,107 words) - 10:15, 24 January 2022
...ts or deep fascia.<ref name=":0">Drake R, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM 2004 Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.</ref>
*Lateral condyle and upper half or two-thirds of the lateral surface of the body of the tibia
6 KB (877 words) - 15:37, 21 March 2023
...pplied to extensor avulsion fractures or [[Extensor Tendon Injuries of the Hand|distal extensor tendon ruptures]]. Either one results in an inability to ex
=== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ===
12 KB (1,757 words) - 11:20, 18 August 2022
...A, Varacallo M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536960/ Metacarpal hand fracture.] InStatPearls [Internet] 2019 Jan 16. StatPearls Publishing.Avail
* Is a break in one of the five metacarpal bones of either hand.
15 KB (2,130 words) - 13:16, 9 January 2023
...al cord level.<ref>Earths lab Myotomes Available:https://www.earthslab.com/anatomy/myotomes/ (accessed 25.5.2022)</ref>
...ssessment (4th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier. pp. 467–566. ISBN 978-1-4160-3109-3. </ref>
8 KB (1,315 words) - 19:20, 4 August 2023
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]].
...tment syndrome and Volkmann's ischemic contracture of the upper extremity. Hand clinics. 1998 Aug;14(3):331.</ref><ref name="p2">Clover J. Sports Medicine
10 KB (1,506 words) - 07:48, 6 December 2023
...crotuberous lig]. Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/sacrotuberous-ligament (accessed 1.9.2021)</ref>.
...ssification] Available:https://radiopaedia.org/cases/sacrotuberous-ligament-ossification (accessed 1.9.2021)</ref>
7 KB (996 words) - 09:28, 24 August 2023
...ochemical characteristics. American Journal of anatomy. 1990 Nov;189(3):236-44.Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2148051/<nowiki/>(accessed 6.1
...inferior), and middle<ref name="Moore">Moore KL, et al. Essential clinical anatomy. 4th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2011.</ref>. The m
12 KB (1,714 words) - 13:29, 18 March 2023
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...se report.] International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. 2016 Jan 1;21:44-7.</ref>
10 KB (1,460 words) - 09:50, 21 June 2021
[[Category:Technology]]== Anatomy ==
*Hand Surgery
7 KB (838 words) - 14:30, 4 February 2016
...me=":3">Baig MA, Bordoni B. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545241/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Pectoral Muscles].Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.
...July 2018).</ref><ref name=":2">Keith L. , Anne M. R . Clinically Oriented Anatomy seventh edition . philidephia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Feb 13, 2013
10 KB (1,373 words) - 06:18, 29 March 2022
== Anatomy of Ulnar Nerve ==
...Palmar cutaneous nerve that provides innervation to the medial half of the hand.
14 KB (2,102 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...ght|frameless]]The Kemp test (also known as the quadrant test and extension-rotation test) is a provocative test useful for diagnosing pain related to [
...orms combined extension and rotation of the spine (used for the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical spine]] or the [[Lumbar|lumbar spine]]).
5 KB (823 words) - 23:29, 18 December 2023
...m:https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-642-36801-1_49-1#citeas (last accessed 14.3.2020)</ref>
...my Animated Tutorial Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zyl6eoU-3Rg&app=desktop (last accessed 30.3.2020)</ref>
24 KB (3,535 words) - 14:25, 31 August 2023
.... Our last four years experience. Materio socio-media. 2015 Dec; 27(6): 380-382.</ref>.
# Hand
6 KB (924 words) - 13:26, 17 August 2023
...ese muscles are vital for allowing free movement of the spine.[[Image:250px-Iliostalis.png|Iliocostalis lumborum bottom R, iliocostalis dorsi at centre|
...umborum Available: https://www.rehabmypatient.com/lumbar-spine/iliocostalis-lumborum (accessed 1.12.2021)</ref>
6 KB (839 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...Annular Ligament. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2005];33(1):114-118.</ref>
A strenuous pull on the forearm through the hand can cause the radial head to slip through the distal end of the annular lig
5 KB (817 words) - 10:29, 22 February 2022
...e [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Ankle_Sprain sprain] or [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Chronic_Ankle_Instability chronic instability].
== Relevant Anatomy ==
8 KB (1,224 words) - 10:30, 21 June 2021
...44GuTTpT0qig Orthopaedic examination, evaluation, and intervention.] McGraw-Hill Medical; 2004.</ref>
...atient supine, the therapist holds the patient’s heel of the foot with his hand and then passively flexes the knee. The knee is then passively allowed to e
3 KB (416 words) - 11:29, 2 October 2022
...8269943&ei=UBnJZMrPD-yEywSA_4GIAg&scisig=ABFrs3yFaik86B2nm493E2RNeh10 Ulnar-sided wrist pain in athletes.] Clin SportsMed (Level of evidence: D)</ref>
...5E Triangular fibrocartilage complex of the wrist: anatomy and function.] J Hand Surgery (Level of evidence: D)</ref><br>
3 KB (496 words) - 15:31, 2 August 2023
...f treatments. Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 2019 Oct;44(8):825-32.</ref>
...rticle/med/7559817 Boutonniere deformity]. Hand clinics. 1995 Aug;11(3):387-402.</ref>
15 KB (2,239 words) - 14:25, 4 May 2021
...his write up will elucidate on elaborating on popular outcome measures for hand function among the aged.
== Hand Outcome Measures ==
15 KB (2,270 words) - 12:56, 4 November 2023
== Anatomy ==
...ed Nucleus Available:https://neuroscientificallychallenged.com/glossary/red-nucleus (accessed 26.4.2022)</ref>
6 KB (908 words) - 02:40, 26 April 2022
[[File:673A5849-26B9-4C25-A44A-3980D17EDCCE.png|alt=|right|frameless]]
...pedia Internal Capsule Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/internal-capsule ( accessed 30.7.2021)</ref>
9 KB (1,326 words) - 21:59, 13 November 2023
...Boutonnière Deformity? Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5M4wL-n_c3E [last accessed 5/10/2020]</ref>
== Clinically relevant anatomy ==
14 KB (2,177 words) - 11:26, 18 August 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Chelsea_Mclene Chelsea Mclene]
...ment tool: preliminary report.] ANZ journal of surgery. 2005 Oct;75(10):866-8.</ref> It relies on the ability and/or willingness of the patient to subj
7 KB (1,037 words) - 10:53, 23 March 2021
[[File:Hamate bone (left hand) - animation.gif|right|frameless]]
The hamate is a triangular-shaped bone that forms part of the distal carpal row, articulating with the
12 KB (1,793 words) - 15:46, 31 May 2022
...es help to form the main arches of the foot, which are essential for weight-bearing and [[Walking - Muscles Used|walking]].
== Gross Anatomy & Structure ==
10 KB (1,419 words) - 18:34, 29 August 2023
[[File:Torso-rectus-abdominis-transversus-abdominis.png|right|frameless]]
...flex the spinal column, tense the anterior wall of the [[Abdominal Muscle Anatomy|abdomen]] and assist in compressing the contents of the abdomen.
6 KB (840 words) - 07:01, 19 December 2021
...t H, Tariq MA, Siccardi MA. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541027/ Anatomy, head and neck, mastication muscles]. InStatPearls [Internet] 2023 June 5.
...d index finger of the examiner and held firmly in the thumb web. The other hand is placed on top of the head for stability. Resistance is given vertically
4 KB (556 words) - 16:45, 25 January 2024
# Integrated post-cardiac arrest care<ref name=":0">Health care Australia BLS Available: https
...name=":1">healthline CPR Available:https://www.healthline.com/health/first-aid/cpr (accessed 2.3.2022)</ref>. Cardiac arrest occurs in unexpected place
6 KB (880 words) - 07:22, 2 March 2022
[[File:Hand injury.jpg|356x356px|alt=|thumb|Right hand injury.]]
...s working, there is ample opportunity for injury. In fact, injuries to the hand and wrists are some of the most common ailments facing athletes.
12 KB (1,718 words) - 21:57, 1 January 2023
* Niemann-Pick Disease - Type A
* Orthostatic Hypotonia Shy-Drager Disease
8 KB (1,166 words) - 09:10, 29 July 2021
...ser:Jamie Keller|Jamie Keller]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]]
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
13 KB (1,833 words) - 11:55, 21 September 2022
...ionary of Neurological Signs; Springer Science & Business Media, 12-Nov-2010; page 369</ref>
.... The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume. 1975 Aug;57(3):380-3.</ref> ==
9 KB (1,295 words) - 00:29, 2 August 2021
...ristian Filer|Christian Filer]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]]
[[File:Muscles of the hand anterior aspect Primal.png|right|frameless|400x400px]]
12 KB (1,621 words) - 02:26, 28 January 2023
...l and Radiographic Results. J Pediatr Orthop. Vol 35(2), March 2015, p 115-120</ref>.
== Anatomy ==
11 KB (1,538 words) - 12:01, 28 June 2023
...on test and position. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. 2019 Aug 1;28(6):635-9.</ref>
...pattern dysfunction, by the observation of abdominal excursion and anterior-posterior chest expansion.<ref name=":0" />
3 KB (373 words) - 01:34, 10 May 2023
<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shreya_Pavaskar Shreya Pavaskar] <br>
...M, Iveland H. [https://tidsskriftet.no/en/2021/06/medisin-i-bilder/panners-disease Panner's disease.] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2021 Jun 24;141(10). Engl
5 KB (693 words) - 13:33, 14 October 2022
...ular and are generally associated with joint effusions and hematomas. Extra-articular fractures include avulsion fractures and are most commonly seen in
== Clinical relevant anatomy ==
10 KB (1,339 words) - 14:35, 7 December 2023
...rm muscles to the hand. As these structures are damaged by [https://physio-pedia.com/Rheumatoid_Arthritis?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_
...rupture and inflammation, leading to further weakness and deformity in the hand.
21 KB (3,106 words) - 19:07, 24 November 2021
...ng structure.<ref name=":1">The Human Memory Insula Available:https://human-memory.net/insula/ (last accessed 8.8.2021)</ref>
* The insula is important for gustatory and sensorimotor processing, risk-reward behavior, autonomics, pain pathways, and auditory and [[Vestibular Sy
6 KB (866 words) - 17:44, 12 August 2021
...bolic bone disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 1969 Jan 23;280(4):193-202.</ref>.
...nerve arises off the median nerve in the proximal forearm, approximately 5-8cm distal to the lateral epicondyle of the [[humerus]]. A 2018 cadaver stud
7 KB (953 words) - 10:38, 21 June 2021
[[File:Swan-neck deformity.jpg|thumb|300x300px]]
...>Lane R, Nallamothu SV. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525970/ Swan-Neck Deformity]. InStatPearls [Internet] 2019 Feb 4. StatPearls Publishing.<
9 KB (1,350 words) - 12:22, 31 May 2021
...-sectional study. Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy. 2021 Dec;26(1):1-8.</ref>
...o the palms supported by the thenar and hypothenar eminences to make a club-like structure is exclusive to humans. <ref name=":2" />
18 KB (2,682 words) - 22:09, 28 December 2022
...d review of literature. Journal of orthopaedic Surgery , 2005 ;13(3) : 307-309. Level C</ref><ref name="Sing">5.Singh R.K. et al., Complete rupture of
...with acute triceps tendon avulsion. Journal of hand therapy, 2005; 18 : 365-371 Level C</ref>
6 KB (871 words) - 02:15, 31 December 2021
...ent syndrome: evaluation and management. ''Hand clinics'', ''34''(1), pp.53-60.</ref>.
...ournal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2011 Jan 1;19(1):49-58.</ref> (most common)
11 KB (1,559 words) - 09:55, 28 March 2022
...rt of the Knee. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [online]. 89(9), pp. 2000-2010. [viewed 12 September 2016]. Available from: http://jbjs.org/content/8
...ncepts. Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine [online]. 1(2), pp. 108-113. [viewed 12 September 2016]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
11 KB (1,589 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...">Manganaro D, Alsayouri K. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545158/ Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Ankle Joint.] 2020 Aug 16. In: StatPearls [Int
...alar ligament (ATTL) passes from the tip of the medial malleolus to the non-articular part of the medial talar surface. It is crossed by the tendons of
13 KB (1,956 words) - 19:41, 9 October 2020
* It is a channel for the [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]] transmitting stimuli (sensory) from the head and body to the
...the midbrain Available from:https://sciencetrends.com/the-function-of-your-midbrain/ (accessed 24.4.2022)</ref><ref>Vedantu Midbrain Available from:htt
9 KB (1,167 words) - 14:29, 25 January 2023
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]].
...] The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. 1985 Nov;67(5):741-6.</ref>This is often referred to as the Trendelenburg test but should not b
7 KB (913 words) - 13:18, 13 September 2023
...ion: significance and measurement.] Journal of Anatomy. 2020 Nov;237(5):811-26.</ref>
...use in Craig’s test.] Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(4):1141-4.</ref><ref name=":1" />
8 KB (1,153 words) - 04:19, 16 October 2023
...f>https://study.com/academy/lesson/pronator-teres-definition-function-nerve-supply.html (accessed 20 July 2018).</ref> The humeral head is larger and mo
...s at risk for compression.<ref name=":1">Doyle, J. Surgical Anatomy of the Hand and Upper Extremity. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins. 2003<
7 KB (963 words) - 12:30, 30 April 2024
...ew and meta-analysis. Thorax. 2003 Jul 1;58(7):580-4.</ref> Examples: short-acting beta 2 agonist (SABA), short- acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA), Me
...Reviews. 2012(10).</ref> Examples, long-acting beta 2 agonist (LABA), long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA).
5 KB (640 words) - 09:22, 28 February 2020
== Relevant Anatomy ==
...r glenohumeral joint capsule contracture. Shoulder Elbow. 2012 Oct;4(4):230-6.</ref>
5 KB (778 words) - 06:02, 31 March 2023
[[File:Brachial-Plexus.png|right|frameless]]
...Radecki J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2926354/ Parsonage-Turner Syndrome.] Hospital for Special Surgery Journal, 2010; 6(2): 199–20
13 KB (1,797 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...area of origin.<ref>http://teachmeanatomy.info/upper-limb/muscles/pectoral-region/ (accessed 1 July 2018). </ref>
...Available: https://www.lorpt.com/blog/2019/7/24/chest-muscle-tightness-back-related<nowiki/>(accessed 7.1.2022)</ref>
12 KB (1,789 words) - 18:32, 17 March 2023
== Anatomy ==
...en the [[tibia]] and [[fibula]] of the leg and the [[talus]] of the [[Foot Anatomy|foot]]. See the page for [[Ankle Joint|ankle joint]] for more information.
12 KB (1,693 words) - 09:30, 1 June 2022
...early observations on neural-tube defects. J Neurosurg. Nov 1991;75(5):823-6</ref>. Named after Hans Chiari and Julius Arnold, the pathologists wh
== <span>C</span>linically Relevant Anatomy ==
7 KB (1,051 words) - 11:57, 26 December 2021
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...Takaku A. Cerebrovascular “moyamoya” disease. Disease showing abnormal net-like vessels in base of brain. Arch. Neurol. 1969;20(3):288–299.</ref> bec
7 KB (979 words) - 14:49, 2 May 2024
...R. Sports-related extensor carpi ulnaris pathology: a review of functional anatomy, sports injury and management. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(17):1105–11.</ref
...specifically is limited<ref>Rettig AC, Ryan RO, Stone JA. Epidemiology of hand injuries in sports. In PA: WB Saunders; 1992.</ref>.
11 KB (1,539 words) - 17:20, 19 April 2022
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
== Clinically relevant anatomy ==
6 KB (985 words) - 04:45, 1 April 2022
...during muscle contraction]. Journal of biomechanics. 2016 Jun 14;49(9):1812-7. Available:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27155748/ (accessed 15.12.2021)
...layers of delicate, thin sheaths. Tendons, in contrast, are tough and rope-like. An aponeurosis is made primarily of bundles of [[collagen]] fibers dis
9 KB (1,298 words) - 16:06, 23 February 2024
...e client's elbow for stabilization and the other hand grasps the patient's hand in a handshake position. The patient maintains their forearm in a neutral p
...s://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mdc&AN=23637145&site=eds-live</nowiki></ref>” Resisted pronation and supination (described above in
6 KB (953 words) - 09:41, 9 May 2023
...revention, diagnosis and management.] South African Family Practice. 47. 14-19. 10.1080/20786204.2005.10873255. Available from: https://www.researchgate
...[Wrist and Hand|wrist]]; the ulnar side of the hand; the thumb side of the hand. This occurs as a result of:
20 KB (3,054 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...anatomy|spinal cord]], in which pain signals can be sent up to the [[Brain Anatomy|brain]] to be processed to accentuate the possible perceived pain, or atten
...e KA. [https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_1134 Gate Control Theory of Pain]. In: Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine
12 KB (1,810 words) - 02:24, 30 April 2022
...]] of the thumb. It is the most important joint connecting the [[Wrist and Hand|wrist]] to the metacarpus. [[Osteoarthritis]] of the TMC is a severely disa
[[File:Anatomy of the hand.png|394x394px|Carpometacarpal Joint of the hand|thumb|center]]
15 KB (1,983 words) - 07:40, 3 September 2023
...the [[Elbow|elbow joint]].<ref name=":0">Tiwana MS, Sinkler MA, Bordoni B. Anatomy, [https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/viewarticle/30580/ Shoulder and
...image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/triceps-brachii-muscle </ref>
10 KB (1,456 words) - 18:16, 17 March 2023
[[File:250px-Iliostalis.png|thumb|400x400px|Iliocostalis]]
...ia Erector Spinae Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/erector-spinae-group?lang=us (accessed 6.2.2022)</ref>.
5 KB (736 words) - 02:32, 6 February 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...is between 30 and 120 degrees flexion. The UCL originates at the anterior-inferior aspect of the medial epicondyle of the humerus and it inserts at th
9 KB (1,226 words) - 14:33, 26 February 2023
[[File:Lateral-ankle-ligaments.jpg|thumb|458x458px]]
...ons]. Orthopaedics & traumatology: Surgery & research. 2010 Jun 1;96(4):424-32.</ref>
9 KB (1,360 words) - 11:45, 3 August 2022
[[File:Old client.jpg|thumb|330x330px|Age-Induced Hand Impairment]]
...y Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2003 Feb 1;58(2):M146-52. Available from:https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/58/2/M
21 KB (3,136 words) - 15:14, 15 November 2023
...unar infarcts are small infarcts (2–20 mm in diameter) in the deep [[Brain Anatomy|cerebral]] white matter, basal ganglia, or pons, presumed to result from th
...gies]. Journal of stroke. 2018 Sep;20(3):302. Available from: https://www.j-stroke.org/journal/view.php?number=242 (last accessed 28.12.2019)</ref>
10 KB (1,392 words) - 23:23, 9 January 2020
...de<ref>Weebly Biceps brachii Available:https://bicepsbrachii.weebly.com/fun-facts.html (accessed 10.1.2022)</ref>.
...erate movements in [[Glenohumeral Joint|glenohumeral]], [[elbow]] and radio-ulnar joints.
9 KB (1,385 words) - 13:09, 14 March 2023
...ef name="Vier">P Vercellini. Chronic pelvic pain. Wiley-Blackwell 2011: 118-119</ref>
...odological review. Part 1: Reliability]. Manual therapy. 2000 Feb 1;5(1):30-6.</ref>
5 KB (701 words) - 22:26, 31 January 2021
== Anatomy ==
The rotator cuff muscles include: <ref name="Een">Gray,H. Anatomy of the Human Body. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, 1918; Bartleby.com, 2000<
13 KB (1,786 words) - 18:27, 7 December 2023
...Chung CB, Resnick D, editors. [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=p4tBl_Pz-EwC&lpg=PA255&ots=EevZTJNbWs&pg=PA255#v=onepage&q&f=true Magnetic resonance
There are five flexor tendon pulleys in the fingers that are named A1-A5, and consists of annular ligament pulleys, and cruciate pulleys i.e. The
17 KB (2,623 words) - 12:20, 16 April 2024
[[File:Ankle edema .jpg|thumb|Right foot and ankle edema- 2 weeks post-surgery]]
...Leg edema assessment and management.] Medsurg Nursing. 2014 Jan 1;23(1):44-53.</ref>
11 KB (1,579 words) - 12:17, 3 August 2022
...welling or bulge that often appears around or on joints and tendons in the hand or foot. A ganglion manifests as a subcutaneous limp or nodule. The size ca
[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/EXCISION-OF-THE-GANGLION-CYST-Camasta/67d2f2944bbe3a87f570fcf41ff1d4e92cc92467 EXCISION OF THE GANGLION CY
17 KB (2,521 words) - 15:19, 26 October 2020
...0. Available from:https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity</ref>, so now a days recreational cycling activity has been very po
...vention, diagnosis and management, South African Family Practice, 47(7): 14-19</ref>
5 KB (759 words) - 16:07, 31 July 2023
...h is embracing the whole world around the human as it is stated by many bio-mechanists. But to be highly mobile and in the same time functional, stabili
== Clinical relevant anatomy. ==
6 KB (920 words) - 21:11, 20 April 2020
...image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/gluteus-maximus-muscle</ref>.]]
...]]. It is the largest muscle at the hip representing 16% of the total cross-sectional area.<ref name=":0">Keith L. , Anne M. R .
13 KB (1,921 words) - 04:11, 30 January 2024
...iometer and video tracking methods.] Procedia Engineering. 2013 Jan 1;68:77-82. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705813
Flex hip with hand under [[lumbar]] area to check no pelvic movement occurs.
4 KB (513 words) - 05:44, 15 January 2022
...ruber anastomosis: anatomical study]. Rev Bras Ortop. 2016 Feb 23;51(2):214-23. </ref>
...ic Study in North Indian Population.] J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Feb;10(2):AC09-11.</ref> Median to Ulnar nerve communication was first described by Martin
13 KB (1,950 words) - 14:18, 28 January 2024
[[File:250px-Longissimus.png|thumb|Longissimus]]
...ilable:https://study.com/academy/lesson/longissimus-muscle-origin-insertion-function.html (accessed 5.2.2022)</ref>
7 KB (1,049 words) - 00:22, 26 November 2023
* The triangular fibrocartilage complex '''(TFCC)''' is a load-bearing structure between the lunate, triquetrum, and ulnar head.
* Patients with TFCC injury will present with ulnar-sided wrist pain that may present with clicking or point tenderness between
19 KB (2,799 words) - 09:37, 19 November 2022
...2093-9. </ref> This article discusses the key anatomical structures of the hand that enable functional movements, including the bony structures, articulati
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial,]] and sub-muscular.
37 KB (5,530 words) - 10:23, 14 October 2023
...yndrome: a narrative review.] Global spine journal. 2019 May;9(1_suppl):89S-97S.</ref>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
12 KB (1,608 words) - 18:00, 21 June 2023
...n. A.Y. (2008). Wrist instability. Scandinavian Journal of Surgery, 97, 324-332. (1A)</ref>
...006). Hand and wrist. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. (169-174).</ref>
9 KB (1,335 words) - 18:12, 25 April 2024
[[File:Scaphoid bone (left hand) - animation.gif|right|frameless|200x200px]]
...d Management of Scaphoid Fractures,] Am Fam Physician. 2004 Sep 1;70(5):879-884. </ref>
18 KB (2,659 words) - 11:47, 21 February 2022
[[File:Alpha-synuclein.png|thumb|299x299px|α-syn|alt=]]
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a small [[Proteins|protein]] encoded by the SNCA gene
7 KB (971 words) - 13:45, 29 September 2022
..., Function & Anatomy | Body Maps www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/iliacus-muscle/male#1 (accessed 17 June 2018)</ref>
=== Anatomy<ref>Iliacus - UW Radiology https://rad.washington.edu/muscle-atlas/iliacus/ (accessed 18 june 2018)
9 KB (1,315 words) - 14:34, 15 June 2023
...assess the integrity of the hip joint. The test is used to screen for intra-articular hip pathologies including labral tears, ligamentous laxity, and im
=== Clinically Relevant Anatomy: ===
10 KB (1,544 words) - 00:57, 10 May 2024
* It is a low molecular weight oxygen-binding heme protein and is one of the most important proteins in the human
* It is mainly found in the [[Anatomy of the Human Heart|heart]] and [[Muscle|skeletal muscle]] cells, occurring
4 KB (587 words) - 11:26, 24 November 2021
...against foreign [[Immunoglobulins (Ig)|antigens]], immune tolerance to self-antigens, and immune surveillance on tumor cells<ref name=":0">Duah M, Li L,
...rough childhood, the thymus is active in the production and maturation of T-lymphocytes (T cells), whose job it is to protects the body from certain thr
7 KB (1,045 words) - 06:06, 2 August 2022
<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div>
...nt for the [https://members.physio-pedia.com/2020/03/15/coronavirus-disease-programme/ Coronavirus Free Online Course] which was launched on 15th March
7 KB (998 words) - 13:56, 7 December 2023
...vide several purposes<ref name="one">Martini FH, Nath, JL. Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. 8th ed. Pearson. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. 2009</re
...-2m<sup>2 </sup><ref name="One">Martini FH, Nath, JL. Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. 8th ed. Pearson. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. 2009</re
10 KB (1,368 words) - 05:22, 24 March 2022
...0">Lichtman DM, Wroten ES. Understanding Midcarpal Instability. Journal of Hand Surgery [AM]. 2006; 31A:491–498</ref><br><br>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
16 KB (2,201 words) - 11:08, 16 October 2023
.... The costoclavicular syndrome: a ‘new cause’. Ann Rheum Dis. 1986; 45: 916
-920.</ref> The brachial nerve plexus, subclavian artery and subclavian vein
...octtcr's syndrome): review of 320 Cases. Surg Gvnecol Obstet 1949 ; 88 : 89
-127</ref><div>
8 KB (1,221 words) - 20:01, 27 January 2023
'''Apraxia''' is a motor disorder caused by damage to the [[Brain Anatomy|brain]] (specifically the posterior [[Parietal Lobe|parietal]] cortex or [[
== Relevant Anatomy ==
15 KB (2,268 words) - 19:05, 11 July 2022
...arm and skin of lateral side of forearm.<ref name=":1">Chaurasia BD. Human Anatomy.6th ed. Vol1,CBS Publisers and distributors Pvt Ltd.</ref>
...Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2012. 346. Print. </ref>
4 KB (557 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
Many [[Lumbar Anatomy|lower back]] injuries come about as a result of poor lifting techniques, so
* Lifting heavy items is one of the leading causes of [[Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries and Prevention|injury in the workplace]].
4 KB (595 words) - 06:59, 24 April 2022
...s brachii muscle.] British journal of sports medicine. 2002 Dec 1;36(6):467-9.Available: https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/36/6/467<nowiki/>(accessed 30.12.2
...re] Available: https://www.orthobullets.com/shoulder-and-elbow/3071/triceps-rupture<nowiki/>(accessed 30.12.2021)</ref>.
14 KB (2,050 words) - 12:58, 2 January 2022
...Anatomy.tv. 2018 [cited 22 July 2019]. Available from: <nowiki>http://www.anatomy.tv/</nowiki></ref>
[[Image:Brachial-Plexus.png|thumb|The right brachial plexus with its short branches, viewed f
20 KB (2,786 words) - 00:15, 24 March 2024
...onal impairment and typically results from specific occupational and sports-related activities. Lateral epicondylitis, initially described by Morris as
The examiner resists extension of the 3rd digit of the hand, stressing the [[Extensor Digitorum Communis|extensor digitorum]] muscle an
4 KB (558 words) - 21:33, 31 January 2021
...tis|medial epicondylalgia]] or "golfer[https://medisavvy.com/reverse-cozens-test/ ’]s elbow".
Medial epicondylalgia is usually seen in those ages 35-55.<ref name=":0">Dutton M, Dutton's Orthopaedic Examination, Evaluation, an
6 KB (817 words) - 16:51, 31 January 2024
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
[[Image:Extensor retinaculum of hand Primal.png|thumb|right|300px|Courtesy of Primal Pictures]]
31 KB (4,793 words) - 09:57, 12 December 2022
...or evaluation of the elbow. British medical bulletin]. 2008 Jun 6;87(1):131-61.</ref> (MEPI) is an instrument used to test the limitations, caused by pa
...t for different conditions, An example would be when deciding the best post-operative treatment for example: the difference in prognosis between open an
7 KB (992 words) - 14:54, 10 January 2022
...neural tension test used to stress the femoral nerve and the mid lumbar (L2-L4) nerve roots. <ref>Magee DJ. Orthopedic physical assessment. Elsevie
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
11 KB (1,605 words) - 12:04, 17 January 2022
...ses of phalanx fractures, effective realignment can be achieved through non-surgical methods. Timely intervention is crucial to promote healing and rest
...of the hand (left hand) - animation01.gif|thumb|229x229px|Phalanges of the hand]]
18 KB (2,563 words) - 18:25, 7 December 2023
The serratus anterior (SA) is a fan-shaped muscle that originates on the superolateral surfaces of the first to
...f the gym Serratus anterior Available:https://www.kingofthegym.com/serratus-anterior/ (accessed 9.1.2022)</ref>.
10 KB (1,411 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Kristin_Sartore Kristin Sartore]
...carpal tunnel. Normal tissue pressure within the tunnel is approximately 3-7mm Hg. CTS can result in pressure with greater than 30mm Hg. [[File:Carpal
20 KB (2,727 words) - 14:25, 31 August 2023
...eport. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2010 Jun;40(6):361-8.</ref>
...that further limits thumb motion. <ref name="Ashurst" /><ref name="Gonzalez-Inglesias" />
21 KB (3,015 words) - 18:54, 18 October 2023
...he phenotypic spectrum of albinism]. Ophthalmology. 2018 Dec 1;125(12):1953-60.</ref> Melanin is a pigment that gives colour to the hair, skin and eyes.
...psychosocial factors. Anais brasileiros de dermatologia]. 2019 Dec 9;94:503-20.</ref>
11 KB (1,637 words) - 13:03, 17 January 2024
...vailable: https://musculoskeletalkey.com/physical-examination-of-the-lumbar-spine/ (acessed 20.11.2022)</ref>
...bar Spine Available;https://learnmuscles.com/blog/2017/08/30/motions-lumbar-spine/ (accessed 21.11.2022)</ref>
6 KB (885 words) - 18:20, 17 January 2023
...Flexion Angles of the Annular Ligament.] Orthop Surg. 2022 Nov;14(11):2837-2844.</ref> Therefore, any instability caused by injury to the elbow structu
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial]], and sub-muscular.
26 KB (3,866 words) - 11:42, 20 November 2023
...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/diane-merwarth// Diane Merwarth]<br>'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributor
'''Pseudo-Eschar:''' A thick gelatinous yellow or tan film that forms with silver sulf
14 KB (2,104 words) - 00:26, 7 June 2023
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
...e abducens-facialis-lahmung. Munchen Medizinische Wochenschrift. 1888;35:91-4.</ref>, with a further report in 1892<ref>Mobius PJ.
15 KB (2,154 words) - 17:18, 22 August 2023
...ic work and observations of lunate collapse<ref>Al Bayati MA, Muttar AY, Al-Khishali TJ, Al Bayati MM, Hameed BM. The outcome of treatment of Kienbock's
= Clinically Relevant Anatomy =
15 KB (2,164 words) - 20:04, 15 March 2022
...l and financial hardships, and greatly affecting quality of life ([[Quality-Adjusted Life Year|QOL]]). This page outlines the main issues arising from B
...nications among the ventral rami (roots) of the lower 4 cervical nerves (C5-C8) and the first thoracic nerve (T1).<br>The brachial plexus is responsible
22 KB (3,271 words) - 00:23, 10 March 2024
...rstanding of the treatment procedures, healing stages, clinically relevant anatomy and rehabilitation of these injuries is necessary for a satisfactory outcom
...he key features of flexor [[Tendon Anatomy|tendon]] injuries treatment and anatomy.
33 KB (5,046 words) - 03:24, 12 December 2022
...<ref name=":1">Jeans PL. [https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2017/206/3/murphys-sign Murphy’s sign]. Medical Journal of Australia. 2017 Feb;206(3):115–6
...upright in a seated position on deep inspiration and the second one 'hammer-stroke percussion', which he considered even better.
5 KB (681 words) - 13:13, 6 February 2024
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
The distal end of humerus comprises of both articular and non-articular structures. Non- articular structure comprises of the medial epico
23 KB (3,287 words) - 09:56, 6 May 2024
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...gy of the sesamoid bones]. International orthopaedics. 1987 May 1;11(2):141-7.</ref>.
9 KB (1,317 words) - 09:52, 14 August 2018
...Anatomy.tv. 2018 [cited 30 April 2018]. Available from: <nowiki>http://www.anatomy.tv/</nowiki></ref> . It also plays a main role providing knee stability. In
...: MR imaging with anatomic correlation. Skeletal Radiol. 2014 Jun;43(6):781-91</ref>:[[File:Coronal section of the knee joint 2 Primal.png|thumb|Distal
12 KB (1,726 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...s for treatment. VOL 69-B, No.2 1987. http://web.jbjs.org.uk/cgi/reprint/69-B/2/294.pdf (accessed 16 Nov 2010). </ref><sup>(B)</sup><br>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy [[Image:Heleen fig1.jpg|right|350x250px|anatomical structure of the knee jo
15 KB (2,396 words) - 08:48, 4 February 2024
...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/loren-szmiga/ Loren Szmiga]
...production workers, material movers, and office administrative staff are at-risk occupations. Activities that involve excessive engagement of wrist flex
24 KB (3,435 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...and Their Benefits Available:https://allamericanswim.com/different-swimming-strokes (accessed 20.12.2021)</ref>.
...otions. Numerous muscles starting from the finger and ending in the [[Foot Anatomy|feet]] are in constant motion, creating and resisting forces in the process
9 KB (1,339 words) - 14:54, 10 January 2022
...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/ian-gatt/ Ian Gatt]<br>
...terature review. British journal of sports medicine. 2018 Oct 1;52(19):1253-60.</ref> and these injuries often involve several of the structures associa
21 KB (2,976 words) - 11:48, 18 August 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Mary-Jane Cole|Mary-Jane Cole]] and [[User:Joy Rendell|Joy Rendell]] as part of the [[World Phys
Amputation of the upper limb (UL) involves the loss of the hand and this can be especially challenging. The effect upon the person can be d
27 KB (3,999 words) - 13:17, 29 August 2020
...nd potential implications for therapy.] Circulation. 2008 Aug 19;118(8):863-71.Available from: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/circulationa
...PNS come from brainstem nuclei and the sacral spinal cord (specifically S2-S4).
10 KB (1,348 words) - 07:15, 31 January 2021
...ased on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/pierre-roscher/ Pierre Roscher]<br>
...lth|read here]]. For transgender considerations, please [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Considerations_for_Working_with_LGBTQIA+_Refugees?utm_source=physi
14 KB (2,001 words) - 22:23, 27 January 2023
...or tennis elbow/lateral epicondylitis.] Br J Sports Med. 2004 Dec;38(6):675-7.</ref><br>
...he management of the athlete: a review]. Br J Sports Med. 1993 Mar;27(1):28-33.</ref> <br> <br>
9 KB (1,353 words) - 17:24, 11 November 2021
...nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2980436/ Treating nonseptic olecranon bursitis: A 3-step technique]. Canadian Family Physician. 2010 Nov 1;56(11):1157.</ref> Ne
...n approach to management]. Emergency Medicine Journal. 1996 Sep 1;13(5):351-3.</ref>
12 KB (1,787 words) - 08:25, 2 January 2024
[[File:Tendon-structure.png|thumb|536x536px|Tendon structure ]]
[[Tendon Anatomy|Tendons]] have a hierarchical arrangement that is sequentially composed of
13 KB (1,734 words) - 05:32, 17 June 2022
...movement and reduce friction at [[Tendon Anatomy|tendon]]-tendon and tendon-bone interfaces. Shoulder [[bursitis]] (inflammation of a bursa) is one of t
...oclavicular bursa 5. supraacromial bursa. 6 medial extension of subacromial-subdeltoid bursa |alt=|center|569x569px]]
14 KB (2,096 words) - 06:13, 13 April 2022
...sis to explain carpal biomechanics.] J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2021 Jan;46(1):97-102. </ref> This article discusses the key anatomical structures of the wris
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial]], and sub-muscular.
38 KB (5,565 words) - 12:16, 22 November 2023
...re dermatomes? Available:https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-are-dermatomes (accessed 25.5.2022)</ref> {{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/
|Anterior Arm, Radial side of hand to thumb and index finger
10 KB (1,421 words) - 16:31, 23 June 2023
...merican Academy of Orthopaedic surgeons, nov.-dec. 2001, vol. 9, n°: 6, 389-400. Evidence level: 2A</ref><ref name=":1">Roald Bahr, Sverre Maehlum. Clin
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
19 KB (2,902 words) - 19:54, 27 December 2021
The [[hip]] hinge is a movement where the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] and [[Lumbar|lumbar spine]] and [[pelvis]] stay in a relatively
...ning Journal. 2001 Apr 1;23(2):74. Available: https://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/Citation/2001/04000/_Hip_Hinge__to_a_Healthy_Back.18.aspx<nowiki/>(acces
5 KB (758 words) - 17:55, 29 August 2022
...435px|<ref>https://greenbayacupuncture.co/2017/05/17/metatarsalgia-forefoot-pain/</ref>|right|frameless]]
...nective-tissue-disorders/foot-and-ankle-disorders/metatarsophalangeal-joint-pain (last accessed 25.6.2020)</ref>
18 KB (2,521 words) - 23:33, 13 August 2023
...tic translation for fibrotic disease]. Nature medicine. 2012 Jul;18(7):1028-40. Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3405917/ (accesse
...cal What is Fibrosis? Available:https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Fibrosis.aspx (accessed 18.10.2022)</ref>
5 KB (689 words) - 14:25, 27 October 2022
...scopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 2014 Sep 1;30(9):1085-91.</ref>
...the hip: a histological study.] Acta Ortopédica Brasileira. 2015 Jan;23:29-33.</ref>
8 KB (1,143 words) - 12:38, 16 February 2024
...i>https://posna.org/Physician-Education/Study-Guide/Proximal-Radius-(Radial-Neck)-Fractures</nowiki> </ref>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
20 KB (3,032 words) - 16:48, 23 March 2023
...bmed/12457420 Little league elbow.] Sports Medicine. 2002 Dec 1;32(15):1005-15.</ref>
...ecans of the Elbow]. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine. 2008 16:187-193</ref> OCD can mean one or more flakes of articular cartilage have become
17 KB (2,340 words) - 17:18, 12 January 2022
...s://www.sportsperformancebulletin.com/endurance-training/techniques/cycling-biomechanics/ (accessed 17.12.2021)</ref>
...2028 Available:https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/bicycle-market (accessed 17.12.2021)</ref>
11 KB (1,642 words) - 13:15, 23 December 2021
...bilitation of lymphedema]: State-of-the-art. Lymphology. 2018 Jul 2;51(1):1-2.</ref>.
MLD is a light, skin-stretching massage that helps promote the movement of lymphatic fluid out of
11 KB (1,604 words) - 14:30, 9 January 2023
...Carpal Instability: I. Description of the Scheme; J Hand Surg 1995;20A:757-764</ref>
...deling van de extremiteiten, 1e druk, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 1995. Pg 129-131</ref><ref name=":4">Ombregt L., A system of orthopaedic Medicine, Chuchi
27 KB (3,860 words) - 15:01, 31 August 2023
...n: Where is it coming from? In Clinical Sports Medicine. Rev 3rd Ed. McGraw-Hill Australia. North Ryde.
* [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Obturator_Nerve Obtuator nerve] of the groin area
15 KB (2,176 words) - 06:26, 29 July 2022
Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a complex condition presenting due to abnormal fusion
Image 1: [[X-Rays|X-ray]] showing fused cervical vertebrae as seen in Klippel–Feil syndrome
8 KB (1,099 words) - 01:16, 24 June 2022
...neurological disorders . Auditory Cognitive Neuroscience 2015; 427 (9) : 1-15. </ref>.
== Anatomy and Physiology ==
9 KB (1,242 words) - 19:59, 5 April 2023
...pain]. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2019 Sep;49(9):640-6. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2019.8813
...f foot and ankle research. 2020 Dec;13(1):1-9. DOI: 10.1186/s13047-020-0377-3 </ref> Many clinicians have focused on the [[Plantar Aponeurosis|plantar f
15 KB (2,164 words) - 12:22, 22 November 2023
.... Such forces are most typically experienced during sports, especially full-contact sports like rugby, basketball and football. However, progressive, re
...Dislocations in Athletes]. Clinics in Sports Medicine. 2020 Apr 1;39(2):423-42.</ref>
33 KB (4,851 words) - 12:41, 2 August 2021
...emic review]. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research. 2017;3(7):141-148. Accessed 18 July 2019.</ref>
...2022]. Available from: <nowiki>https://www.text-neck.com/definition-of-text-neck.html</nowiki> [Last accessed: 7/12/2022]</ref>
23 KB (3,167 words) - 21:06, 10 August 2023
...e Pluart A, Vix J, et al. [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-91671-9 <nowiki>Rheumatological features of Whipple disease. Sci Rep [Internet].</
[https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/whipples-disease Whipple’s Disease] [Internet]. National Institute of Neurological
10 KB (1,315 words) - 13:03, 28 September 2023
...sagittall plane isometric contract-relax technique on passive straight leg-raise angle. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy 1994;20:138�
...itor. Clinical anatomy and management of low back pain. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1997. p. 344–57.</ref>1997). Hence, it is important when invest
10 KB (1,486 words) - 00:27, 5 August 2019
== Bon<span class="reference" id="cite_ref-:0_4-0"></span>es ==
.... Available from: https://www.healthpages.org/anatomy-function/anatomy-foot-ankle/ (accessed: 25/02/2019)</ref>
18 KB (2,449 words) - 12:20, 16 April 2024
...known as the pyramidal tract, is a collection of axons that carry movement-related information from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord. It forms pa
...otor Neurone|motor neurons]]; they synapse on neurons in the [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]] called lower motor neurons, which make contact with skeletal
14 KB (1,962 words) - 21:14, 26 June 2023
...s Albaugh|Thomas Albaugh]] as part of the [[Texas State University Evidence-based Practice Project]]
...widened medial-lateral gap between the two carpal bones.<ref name="Wheeless-SI" />
24 KB (3,393 words) - 09:45, 19 November 2022
[[File:Old-age.jpg|alt=|right|frameless|340x340px]]
...ction/apsx (accessed 21/10/2012)</ref><span style="line-height: 1.5em; font-size: 13.2799997329712px;">.</span>
12 KB (1,838 words) - 11:11, 17 September 2022
...ettard|Emma Guettard]] as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project]]
...carpal bones of the wrist.<ref>http://www.handandwristinstitute.com/colles-fracture/</ref>
27 KB (4,003 words) - 13:17, 14 March 2023
...<nowiki>https://sci-hub.se/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800947-5.00014-4</nowiki>
...d.com/document/407932298/Physiotherapy-in-Neuro-conditions-Glady-Samuel-Raj-pdf</ref>.The virus affects children under 5 years of age<ref name=":0" />
11 KB (1,598 words) - 05:51, 18 November 2023
...nee pain.] Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 2010 Oct 1;3(1-4):3-10.</ref>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
18 KB (2,693 words) - 01:28, 29 August 2019
...th surgical correlation.] American Journal of Roentgenology 2003;181(1):219-21.</ref> Wrist extension is preserved due to the action of the extensor car
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
24 KB (3,324 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...ritis of the elbow.] Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 1989 Sep 1;48(9):743-7.</ref>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
11 KB (1,611 words) - 03:40, 3 September 2023
...ntral nervous system]](CNS) (the [[Brain Anatomy|brain]] and [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]]) and the rest of the body. Neuropathies can significantly imp
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
18 KB (2,305 words) - 13:24, 13 December 2023
...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Helene Simpson]<br>
...red. <ref name=":9" /> When undetected, Lisfranc complex injuries have long-term consequences. <ref name=":4" /> This article reviews conservative and s
19 KB (2,676 words) - 19:21, 22 October 2023
...g (30-90%) of each buttock for 15 seconds every 25 minutes and complete off-loading (90% or more) of both buttocks for at least 15 second every 2 hours
...rs, these should be pointed out to the learner and/or an appropriate health-care provider.
6 KB (935 words) - 23:39, 31 May 2021
...and occasionally in the fingers.<ref>MARKSCHICKENDANTZ M. 28 Medial: Flexor-Pronator Tendon Injury. Shoulder and Elbow Injuries in Athletes: Prevention,
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
26 KB (3,776 words) - 00:23, 5 June 2020
...ort], Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, Volume 20, Issue 4, P:722-727,</ref>
...Some Basic Science Aspects], Physiotherapy, 1997, Volume 83, Issue 4, P:186-189,</ref>
16 KB (2,184 words) - 01:09, 21 November 2023
...emol Yves|Demol Yves]] as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project]]
The below 4-minute video brings in the most relevant information
15 KB (2,175 words) - 11:37, 15 November 2023
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
[[File:Diabetes-528678 960 720.jpg|250x250px|alt=|thumb]]
17 KB (2,243 words) - 12:13, 10 July 2022
...2011 Mar;123(3):147-59.</ref>. This approach works by activating the mirror-neural system (MNS) of the brain<ref>Shih TY, Wu CY, Lin KC, Cheng CH, Hsieh
...l Neural basis of action observation and understanding from first-and third-person perspectives: an fMRI study]. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience. 2
13 KB (1,834 words) - 21:26, 16 October 2023
...muscle is broad, narrowing towards its insertional tendon, giving it a fan-shaped appearance. The [[Gluteus Maximus|gluteus maximus]] covers all of the
...Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/gluteus-medius-and-minimus-muscles</ref>
13 KB (1,852 words) - 05:32, 30 January 2024
...ased oxygen supply to the [[Anatomy of the Human Heart|heart]] and [[Brain Anatomy|brain]]. It is a medical emergency and should be referred to the emergency
...lls of the splenic cords and continue through [[blood]] flow. On the other hand, older, larger, and deformed red blood cells are trapped by the splenic cor
14 KB (2,000 words) - 17:25, 2 January 2021
...treatments.] Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 2008 Mar 1;1(1):1-1.</ref>
...Scapular Winging <ref>Scapular Winging. Available from: http://www.maitrise-orthop.com/viewPage_us.do?id=1010</ref>]]</div>
18 KB (2,511 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...on was proposed by Dvorak and Panjabi<ref>Dvorak J, Panjabi MM. Functional anatomy of the alar ligaments. Spine. 1987;12:183–189.</ref> to result from tensi
...evaluation using magnetic resonance imaging]. Phys Ther. 2012 May;92(5):718-25.[FULL TEXT]</ref>.<br>
6 KB (910 words) - 12:48, 23 August 2019
..., [[Cryotherapy|ice]], immobilization, [[Pain Medications|nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]], and physical therapy.
...e reports. 2020 Sep 1;19(9):367-72.Available: https://journals.lww.com/acsm-csmr/Fulltext/2020/09000/Triceps_Tendon_Injuries.9.aspx (accessed 31.12.2021
9 KB (1,190 words) - 13:16, 6 January 2022
...al Breathing are abnormal respiratory patterns specifically related to over-breathing. They range from simple upper chest breathing to, at the extreme e
...Pattern Disorders|Breathing Pattern Disorders]] for in-depth knowledge on anatomy, aetiology, classification, etc.
9 KB (1,239 words) - 11:17, 26 April 2024
...ic outlet, leading to a spectrum of symptoms ranging from mild pain to limb-threatening complications. It remains a complex and controversial condition
Clinically relevant anatomy highlights the intricate passageways through which neurovascular structures
18 KB (2,514 words) - 17:40, 10 May 2024
...sp;[http://giffordsachesandpains.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/mature-org-ch2-tip1.pdf here].<br>
...ossible target for treatment of chronic pain. Pain Management 2013;3(1): 35-45</ref> The primary somatosensory cortex is responsible for sensory discrim
18 KB (2,801 words) - 10:57, 1 August 2023
...s]] and Lyn Bruyndockx as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project]]
...-systematic-approach-to-diagnosing-common-musculoskeletal-conditions-of-the-knee The rules of four: a systematic approach to diagnosing common musculosk
16 KB (2,455 words) - 18:42, 24 May 2022
...Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2005 Dec 1;76(suppl 5):v25-34.</ref><ref name=":7">Health direct Australia. Agnosia. Available from: h
...pure form of agnosia is rare. Visual agnosia is the most common and better-explained type of agnosia.<ref name=":2" />
18 KB (2,615 words) - 18:00, 17 January 2023
...ent technique used for respiratory care of patients with unconscious or non-alert, and ventilated, and also with a neurological condition
# '''Co-contraction of the abdomen'''
7 KB (874 words) - 13:15, 16 May 2020
...l Radius Fractures across Multiple Age Groups.] J Wrist Surg. 2019;8(4):305-11.</ref> There is also a correlation with osteopenia in older adults.<ref>L
...Operative Rehabilitation Programme from Week 6|here]] (beyond 6 weeks post-op).
20 KB (3,079 words) - 01:53, 15 November 2023
...there may be instability of the knee joint. This article will discuss the anatomy of the knee joint in detail and provide some examples of knee joint patholo
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial]], and sub-muscular.
31 KB (4,601 words) - 11:28, 3 June 2023
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...rstanding iliotibial band syndrome. Journal of Anatomy. 2006 Mar;208(3):309-16.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2100245/ (accessed on 25/07/
16 KB (2,448 words) - 05:24, 10 April 2024
'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Cindy John-Chu|Cindy John-Chu]]
...chwind N. Aphasia. New England Journal of Medicine. 1971 Mar 25;284(12):654-6.</ref>
12 KB (1,767 words) - 16:27, 19 March 2024
...lininger|Chris Slininger]] as part of the [[Texas State University Evidence-based Practice Project]]
...ional impact.] Journal of occupational rehabilitation. 2011 Sep 1;21(3):366-73.</ref> <ref name=":1">Köknel TG. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15
28 KB (3,738 words) - 18:07, 13 May 2024
...isten Templin|Kristen Templin]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]]
The [[Thoracic Anatomy|Thoracic Spine]] has a complex and often overlooked role within the body. I
25 KB (3,520 words) - 00:01, 11 December 2020
...armer, L. &; Rhatigan, J., 2014. Clubfoot care in low-income and middle-income countries: From clinical innovation to a public Health Program. World
...of the clubfoot deformity, hence leaving a functional / pain- free, normal-looking, plantigrade, mobile foot
20 KB (3,225 words) - 11:20, 18 August 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Chelsea_Mclene Chelsea Mclene]
...tdirect.com/training-delivery/client-assessment/taking-body-dimension-girth-measurements [last accessed 05/11/2020]</ref>Girths are circumference measur
8 KB (1,215 words) - 14:54, 10 January 2022
[[File:Scapulohumeral rhythm-1-.png|thumb|274x274px|
...rdle involved in those of the arm on the trunk. J Anat Physiol 1884; 18:209-218.</ref>
22 KB (3,181 words) - 18:31, 11 January 2021
...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
...ct and when to refer. Cleveland clinic journal of medicine 2007; 74(7): 473-482. (level of evidence 4)</ref> An acromioclavicular dislocation is a
22 KB (3,205 words) - 10:00, 18 August 2022
== Sub-types ==
FI can be divided to sub-types:<ref name=":1">Mazur-Bialy AI, Kołomańska-Bogucka D, Opławski M, Tim S. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PM
13 KB (1,903 words) - 19:43, 31 May 2023
...Vision, hearing, taste, and smell which convey sensations to the [[Brain Anatomy|brain]] through [[Cranial Nerves|cranial nerves]]<ref name=":0">Gadhvi M, W
...ion/ Sensation] Available from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-ap/chapter/sensation/ (accessed 19.3.2021)</ref>.
17 KB (2,423 words) - 10:55, 30 June 2023
...mbers.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/michelle-green-smerdon// Michelle Green-Smerdon]<br> '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}
...nd types of pointe shoes. Examples include:<ref name=":3">Green-Smerdon M. Anatomy of the Pointe Shoe Course. Plus. 2022.</ref>
14 KB (2,104 words) - 19:36, 22 January 2023
...ic reviews and guidance]. Chiropractic & manual therapies. 2020 Dec;28(1):1-1.</ref>
* manual therapy (e.g. therapist-led stretching exercises)
15 KB (2,168 words) - 02:43, 19 April 2023
...s: an interdisciplinary challenge.] Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2013 Apr;110(16):278-84 (Level of evidence 2A)</ref><br>A difference exists between subjective an
...rospective randomized controlled study. J Psychosom Res. 2010 Sep;69(3):299-304 (Level of evidence 1B)</ref>
16 KB (2,302 words) - 17:35, 11 February 2022
[[File:National-cancer-institute-0YBIMOqQzt0-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless]]
...medicine.com/view/10.1093/med/9780199204854.001.1/med-9780199204854-chapter-070204 (last accessed 7.11.2020)</ref>
12 KB (1,608 words) - 08:34, 22 February 2023
...rome restricts even midcarpal range of motion. Hand Surg Jul 2005 10(1): 23-27.</ref>
...litative measure of ulnar impaction syndrome. J Hand Ther. 2001; 14(3): 173-179.</ref><ref name="Sachar 2008" />:
24 KB (3,591 words) - 09:50, 21 October 2020
...distal radial fractures in adults (Review). The Cochrane Library. 2008;4:1-67.</ref>. The radius is the most commonly broken bone in the arm.<br>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
32 KB (4,507 words) - 11:40, 22 November 2023
...bration in neurorehabilitation]. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2014 Apr;50(2):231-42. </ref> For example, when a vibratory stimuli at 80 Hz is applied to tric
...n in men with spinal cord lesion. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jun;85(6):919-24. </ref> lower limb [[spasticity]] in a person with a spinal cord injury c
16 KB (2,171 words) - 00:33, 14 February 2023
...paretic side. <ref name="Santos-Pontelli et al">Santos-Pontelli TEG, Pontes-Neto OM, de Araujo DB, Santos AC, and Leite JP. Persistent pusher behavior a
...lationship to motor and functional recovery. Stroke. 2004 Dec 1;35(12):2873-8.</ref>.
18 KB (2,570 words) - 12:41, 6 November 2023
...selecting the most appropriate intervention. This article will discuss the anatomy of the hip joint in detail and provide some examples of hip joint pathology
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial]], and sub-muscular.
36 KB (5,252 words) - 16:04, 24 July 2023
[[Brain Anatomy|Brain]] function varies normally as people pass from childhood through adul
...rve-disorders/biology-of-the-nervous-system/effects-of-aging-on-the-nervous-system Effects of Aging on the Nervous System]
11 KB (1,611 words) - 23:11, 13 November 2023
...humeral fractures in adults]. Journal of Hand Therapy. 2017 Apr 1;30(2):158-66.</ref>
[[File:X-ray of fracture of proximal humerus.jpeg|center|thumb]]
24 KB (3,325 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...ing drawn to this sport with a parallel increase in the occurrence of sport-related injuries on both the natural rock and artificial walls. It emphasize
...ents, and prevention is important to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete.
31 KB (4,653 words) - 16:23, 13 November 2021
== Relevant Anatomy ==
...lable from: <nowiki>https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/hip-and-thigh-muscles</nowiki></ref>
13 KB (1,959 words) - 10:43, 18 August 2023
...Passmore|James Passmore]] as part of the [[Texas State University Evidence-based Practice Project]]
...tic ankle sprains in athletes. International SportMed Journal. 2003;4 (4):1-10.
6</ref>
16 KB (2,378 words) - 20:09, 15 July 2022
...Acute and Chronic|inflammation.]] A good understanding of foot and ankle anatomy is necessary for the proper diagnosis and treatment of injuries.
[[File:Bigstock_Image_-Anatomy_Bones_Of_The_Foot_-ID_404217734.jpg|alt=|right|frameless|450x450px|Bones of the Foot]]
20 KB (2,870 words) - 09:19, 23 November 2022
.../doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2023.2170684</nowiki></ref> collected data on non-contact injuries of the hamstrings in a sports club from Barcelona.
...://langs.physio-pedia.com/de/injury-and-healing-within-sports-physiotherapy-de/ hamstring injuries] were registered in the club. According to the author
18 KB (2,571 words) - 11:29, 25 July 2023
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
[3] The cervical spine consists of 7 vertebrae, numbered C1-C7. The two upper vertebrae have a unique shape. The atlas (C1) supports the
12 KB (1,782 words) - 14:47, 23 August 2019
...he lower back and core by engaging (pulling in) the abdominal muscles. Push-ups are a fast and effective exercise for building strength.
== Execution of conventional push-up ==
14 KB (2,039 words) - 19:20, 9 February 2024
...enna Rutledge|Brenna Rutledge]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]]<br> '''Top Contributo
...ophalangeal joint. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 2010 Mar 1;20(2):106-12.</ref>
36 KB (5,436 words) - 20:31, 15 February 2023
...tosensation. Somatosensation is an overarching sense which includes the sub-modalities of:
...A Systematic Review. ''J Hand Ther''. 2019 Aug 31. pii: S0894-1130(19)30094-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2019.06.002. ]]
13 KB (1,909 words) - 15:02, 27 June 2023
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Aly_Evangelista Aly Evangelista] as part of [[The University
...led study of 2474 workersOccupational and Environmental Medicine 2015;72:33-41.</ref>.
20 KB (2,994 words) - 17:22, 30 September 2022
.... The origin of “Saturday night palsy”?. Neurosurgery. 2002 Sep 1;51(3):737-41.[https://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/Abstract/2002/09000/The_Origin_of_
...ight Palsy. InSeminars in roentgenology 2013 Apr 1 (Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 108-110).https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23452458/</ref><ref name=":2">Latef TJ,
14 KB (2,085 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...ditors ''' - [[User:Jacob Wong|Jacob Wong]] as part of [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Category:The_University_of_Waterloo_Biomechanics_Project The Unive
...is not just a sports injury]</nowiki>]. Ugeskrift for laeger. 2010;172:3325-9.</ref>. Tendinopathy is a term that describes clinical conditions of tendo
11 KB (1,508 words) - 12:42, 31 May 2021
...l. Thus, patients may choose to have surgery or various types of ultrasound-guided percutaneous injections to manage this condition.
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
21 KB (3,008 words) - 18:25, 9 January 2024
...opedia Inguinal Hernia Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/inguinal-hernia<nowiki/>(accessed 20.12.2022)</ref>
...Therapist. The Gastrointestinal System. Saunders, Elsevier Inc., 2009. p870-74.</ref>
7 KB (1,010 words) - 02:53, 23 December 2022
...f Motion? Available:https://www.verywellhealth.com/overview-range-of-motion-2696650<nowiki/>(accessed 20.11.2022)</ref>
...in Cairo, Egypt.] Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy. 2020 Dec;25(1):1-7.</ref>
12 KB (1,769 words) - 21:20, 23 March 2024
...so comes with a slight downside, namely an elevated vulnerability to sports-related injuries.
...uries witnessed a 43 percent increase during this period.”<ref>Brad W. The Anatomy of Sports Injuries. Second Edition. Chichester, 2013</ref>
23 KB (3,617 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...ry and rehabilitation.] Rhode Island Medical Journal. 2017 Nov 1;100(11):17-21.</ref>
...rehabilitative therapy or surgery.<ref name=":5">Erb-Duchenne and Dejerine-Klumpke Palsies Information Page: National Institute of Neurological Disorde
21 KB (3,157 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...ervical_Myelopathy cervical] spine but it can also occur in the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] and [[Lumbar|lumbar spine]].<ref name=":0">Seidenwurm, D. J., &
...cales used to quantify severity of cervical spondylotic meylopathy and post-operative improvement. J Outcume Meas, 2001. </ref>
22 KB (3,204 words) - 14:53, 20 November 2023
...the distal part fixed, movement at any one joint in the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Kinetic_Chain kinetic chain] requires motion as well at the other
...;28(1):48. [https://bfpt.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43161-023-00161-8#:~:text=Results%20showed%20that%20CKCEs%20are,OA%20knee%20joint%20%5B16%5D
12 KB (1,650 words) - 19:27, 1 February 2024
...eth H. "The Cervicobrachial Syndrome." Annuals of Surgery 111 5 (1940): 727-742.</ref>.
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
23 KB (3,428 words) - 18:14, 23 April 2021
...in stroke patients.] Journal of Nippon Medical School. 2015 Feb 15;82(1):4-13. Available: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnms/82/1/82_4/_article<
...of current evidence]. Annals of Medicine and Surgery. 2023 Sep 1;85(9):4425-32.
10 KB (1,158 words) - 11:40, 7 December 2023
.... InMisch's Avoiding Complications in Oral Implantology 2018 Jan 1 (pp. 771-826). Mosby.</ref> When applied to the skin antiseptics are not absorbed in
...www.brighamandwomens.org/assets/BWH/pediatric-newborn-medicine/pdfs/aseptic-technique.pdf (accessed 29/May/20123).</ref>
19 KB (2,642 words) - 18:42, 24 March 2024
...lood]] pressure is traditionally measured using auscultation with a mercury-tube sphygmomanometer. It is measured in millimeters of mercury and expresse
...essure refers to the maximum pressure within the large arteries when the [[Anatomy of the Human Heart|heart]] muscle contracts to propel blood through the bod
12 KB (1,643 words) - 15:08, 11 March 2024
...System Pathways|central nervous system]] between the body and the [[Brain Anatomy|brain]]. Although used to treat pain, opioids can entice euphoric feelings
...ogy in Rehabilitation. 5th Ed. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company, 2016. p202-218.</ref>
19 KB (2,735 words) - 20:16, 22 February 2023
.../ref> Movements at the shoulder enable us to move and position our arm and hand in space. The muscles of the shoulder provide a stable base for these upper
...isorders and occupation]. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2015 Jun;29(3):405-23.</ref> It is essential to understand the anatomical features of the shoul
50 KB (7,350 words) - 22:45, 15 October 2023
...in a young woman.] Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology 2014;15(3):231-4.</ref>
...w image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/supraspinatus-muscle</ref>
18 KB (2,456 words) - 13:32, 22 May 2023
...www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(22)01655-5/fulltext 19;400(10365):1803-20.]</ref>.
...g the Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2020 Jan;50(1):5-16. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2020.9154. Epub 2019 Nov 28. PMID: [https://www.ncbi.
17 KB (2,468 words) - 17:37, 31 October 2023
Pes cavus is a [[Foot Anatomy|foot]] with an abnormally high plantar longitudinal arch. People who have t
...hed Foot)https://www.foothealthfacts.org/conditions/cavus-foot-(high-arched-foot) (accessed 2017).</ref>]]
18 KB (2,634 words) - 16:41, 23 October 2023
...ng patellar height. ''Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc.'' 2006;14(8):707-712.</ref><br>
...inically Relevant Anatomy<ref name=":0">Human kinetics Publisher. Clinical anatomy of the patellofemoral joint. International sports medicine journal. 2001. L
17 KB (2,521 words) - 17:24, 21 September 2020
[[File:Scapula post.jpeg|thumb|Anatomy of the scapula ]]
...drome: pictorial essay]. Radiol Bras. 2019;52(4):262-267. doi: 10.1590/0100-3984.2017.0226. </ref> maybe necessary. [[Scapula|See physiopedia page on th
19 KB (2,661 words) - 15:39, 19 October 2023
...ommon forms tendinitis and bursitis. The Canadian Journal of CME. 2001; 155-163</ref>.
...der: a review of recent investigations in the literature, Ergonomics 36:697-717.</ref>.<br>The tendon of the supraspinatus commonly impinges under the a
29 KB (4,126 words) - 16:59, 2 August 2023
...nual Therapy for the Cranial Nerves. Churchill Livingstone, 2009, Pages 107-114,
... Available from:https://teachmeanatomy.info/head/cranial-nerves/trigeminal-nerve/. (accessed 14 October 2020)</ref>.
20 KB (3,005 words) - 08:44, 14 December 2023
...oot drop: where, why and what to do?. ''Pract Neurol''. 2008 Jun. 8 (3):158-69. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].</ref> Ankle and foot dorsiflexors, namely the tibi
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
14 KB (2,092 words) - 12:46, 12 December 2022
...e=":2">Fanelli GC, editor. [https://books.google.co.za/books?hl=en&lr=&id=P-mC34cvBmwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=The+multiple+ligament+injured+knee:+A+practical+
== Clinically relevant anatomy ==
23 KB (3,193 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...ser:Nick Tainter|Nick Tainter]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]]
[[File:Biceps-brachii.jpg|right|frameless|339x339px]]
18 KB (2,567 words) - 05:53, 31 March 2023
...tion, and treatment strategies. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2000;100(9 Suppl): S7-14.</ref> However, the upper [[trapezius]] has a clear pain referral pattern
...valuation and treatment strategies. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2001; 5(4): 361-8.</ref>
16 KB (2,368 words) - 11:32, 18 August 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...c-principles-of-peripheral-nervedisorders/basics-of-peripheral-nerve-injury-rehabilitation (last accessed 24.3.2019)</ref>. Please read [[Classification
14 KB (2,040 words) - 22:43, 25 December 2022
...ure at the base of the odontoid ; unstable, and has a high risk of non-union
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
12 KB (1,876 words) - 21:45, 20 October 2020
...on. Leprosy ( hansen's disease). Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/leprosy#tab=tab_1 Lasted accessed: 26th January 2022</ref>
...s: an analysis.] FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology. 2009 Jan 1;55(1):1-5.</ref>
27 KB (3,758 words) - 13:56, 7 December 2023
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
[[Image:Ulnar nerve anatomy.JPG|thumb|right|350px|Ulnar Nerve Anatomy including Cubital Tunnel]]
38 KB (5,582 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
== Anatomy ==
* Substituting hand function in individuals with upper extremity [[Amputations|amputation]]/par
27 KB (4,130 words) - 23:29, 30 March 2023
...ased on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/dr-james-laskin// James Laskin]<br>
...ablement models are an important piece of evidence-based practice. Evidence-based practice entails clinician expertise, research evidence and patient pr
21 KB (2,826 words) - 12:43, 14 August 2023
...is a 68 years old retired farmer (female) who has been diagnosed with early-stage idiopathic [[Parkinson's]] and received a referral for physiotherapy.
...parison.png|thumb|[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331069202_A_Non-Invasive_Medical_Device_for_Parkinson's_Patients_with_Episodes_of_Freezing_o
27 KB (3,884 words) - 22:37, 10 May 2022
[[File:Shoulder subscapularis.jpg|link=https://www.physio-pedia.com/File:Shoulder%20subscapularis.jpg|thumb|Lift off test: [[Subscapul
...for patient with shoulder pain]. Archives of physiotherapy. 2018 Dec;8(1):1-1. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5975572/<nowiki/>
23 KB (3,210 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/ian-horsley/ Ian Horsley]<br>'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{F
===== '''Non-specific pathoanatomic''' =====
14 KB (1,971 words) - 22:55, 9 November 2023
...family proteins.] Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 2019 Mar;20(3):175-93.Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7325303/<now
...stressed signals are released which cause mitochondria to release apoptosis-inducing proteins. As a result, the cell undergoes a reduction in size as it
9 KB (1,231 words) - 02:31, 29 July 2022
[[File:Thyroid_Gland-_location.png|alt=|border|right|frameless|400x400px]]
...h. Available from https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/S_T/The-thyroid-gland</ref>
20 KB (2,960 words) - 16:21, 9 January 2024
...]] (SI joint). It is usually caused by abnormal motion (i.e. hyper- or hypo-mobile) or malalignment of the sacroiliac joint. Sacroiliac joint syndrome i
...ac Joint Syndrome. Pain Physician. Vol. 4, N° 2, p 143-152, 2001. ISSN 1533-3159</ref>
26 KB (3,926 words) - 00:12, 16 February 2024
...e Burdeaux|Katherine Burdeaux]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
...tion. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2002 Oct;32(10):497-509.</ref>
37 KB (5,143 words) - 18:19, 17 January 2023
...irritable bowel syndrome in primary care practices.Obstet Gynecol 87(1):55-58,1996</ref><ref>Norwood,C:caesarean variations: Patients, facilities, or p
...ing a cesarean section can be vertical (up-and-down) or transverse (side-to-side). However, the condition of the mother and the fetus determines which t
15 KB (2,220 words) - 11:37, 6 August 2022
...dy's disease]. Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 2010 Nov 15;298(1-2):1-0.</ref>
* X-linked spinal bulbar muscular atrophy
15 KB (1,974 words) - 14:27, 14 August 2022
Radial Tunnel Syndrome is a syndrome resulting from the [https://physio-pedia.com/Posterior_interosseous_nerve_syndrome?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_m
== Relevant Anatomy ==
16 KB (2,409 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2018 Jun;11(2):307-315. doi: 10.1007/s12178-018-9489-9. PMID: 29663125; PMCID: PMC5970124.</ref>. The meniscofemoral ligament for
...anley T. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6088114/pdf/ijspt-13-737.pdf Rehabilitation following isolated posterior cruciate ligament recons
15 KB (2,167 words) - 15:02, 17 April 2023
...e=":5">Czaprowski D, Stoliński Ł, Tyrakowski M, Kozinoga M, Kotwicki T. Non-structural misalignments of body posture in the sagittal plane. Scoliosis an
...rcise programs on kyphosis and lordosis angle: A systematic review and meta-analysis.] PloS one. 2019 Apr 29;14(4):e0216180. Available from: https://www
25 KB (3,795 words) - 16:49, 10 August 2022
...ent model of body composition divides the body into a fat component and fat-free component.
...by breaking apart your body into these two types of mass: body fat and fat-free mass.
9 KB (1,425 words) - 13:59, 13 November 2021
== Clinical relevant anatomy ==
...ith and without low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000 Apr 15;25(8):989-94.</ref>
14 KB (2,166 words) - 00:34, 13 October 2019
...other disorders that have generalized joint hypermobility, such as [[Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome]], [[Rheumatoid Arthritis]], [[Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
15 KB (2,074 words) - 12:38, 3 April 2024
...s in the body such as the [[Liver Disease|liver]], [[kidney]]<nowiki/>s, [[Anatomy of the Human Heart|heart]], GI tract, testes, and [[Muscle|muscles]].<ref n
* 20-30% of patients are hepatitis B [[Immunoglobulins (Ig)|antigen]] positive.
9 KB (1,231 words) - 21:45, 1 September 2023
[[File:Shoulder-annotated-x-rays-2.jpeg|center|thumb|426x426px|1. anatomical neck of humerus 2. greater tuber
...en mobility and stability.] Journal of biomechanics. 2007 Jan 1;40(10):2119-29.</ref>
24 KB (3,369 words) - 17:22, 15 January 2024
<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div>
...g foot clearance, used to limit or assist [[Ankle Joint|ankle]] and [[Foot Anatomy|foot]] [[Range of Motion|ROM]] like; dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, improve
8 KB (1,277 words) - 11:45, 3 August 2022
...GA, Fisher M, Madeod M, Davis SM. Stroke [Seminar]. Lancet, 2008, 371:1612-23</ref>.
...ts 13% of all strokes) or characterised by the presence of blood in the sub-arachnoid space (this form accounts for about 3% of all strokes). Hypertensi
36 KB (5,495 words) - 16:32, 7 December 2023
[[File:Compressive myeolopathy C6C7.png|thumb|Cervical myelopathy C6-C7]]
...resulting in [[spasticity]], hyperreflexia, pathologic [[reflexes]], digit/hand clumsiness, and/or [[Gait: Antalgic|gait disturbance.]]
30 KB (4,201 words) - 11:40, 15 November 2023
...teral rotatory instability of the elbow. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001;83:1823-1828.</ref>[[Image:PLRI 3Ddefinition.png|Figure 1. Posterolateral rotary ins
=== Anatomy ===
31 KB (4,449 words) - 12:58, 7 May 2024
...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/damien-howell/ Damien Howell]<br>
...f a therapy plan of care. The study of the human gait cycle can be a career-long endeavour and calls for creativity on the part of the physiotherapist d
25 KB (3,748 words) - 19:35, 6 February 2023
...cunar infarcts]]), cardioembolic strokes and cryptogenic strokes (see left hand picture on image).
...ubarachnoid hemorrhage]] which accounts for about 5% of all strokes (see R hand picture on image)
36 KB (4,905 words) - 20:02, 18 April 2024
...o the skin and breasts. The full gestation period is 39-40 weeks, and a pre-term birth is classed as delivery before 37 weeks gestation, although there
== Anatomy Background ==
21 KB (3,104 words) - 11:46, 3 August 2022
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]].
...Contributors''' -{{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}<span style="line-height: 1.5em;"> </span>
26 KB (3,724 words) - 12:20, 16 April 2024
...e a comprehensive understanding of [[Functional
Anatomy of the Elbow|elbow
anatomy]] and the subjective and objective assessment of the elbow.
<blockquote>The mnemonic L
-M
-N
-O
-P
-Q
-R
-S
-T highlights the key areas to cover in a patient history.<ref name=":1" /></
28 KB (4,117 words) - 12:27, 28 April 2024
...e. North American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy 2009 February; 4(1):29-37 (level: A1)</ref>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
20 KB (3,019 words) - 20:21, 15 July 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shreya_Pavaskar Shreya Pavaskar]
...tion of the dural sac during the surgery such as laminectomy. On the other hand, indirect decompression takes place without dural sac visualization. Lamine
13 KB (1,759 words) - 14:43, 29 June 2023
...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
...Instability. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1262004-overview (accessed 29 August 2020).</ref> It is an injury to the [[Glenohume
36 KB (5,038 words) - 10:50, 9 January 2023
...:628–632.</ref> Because of its complexity, it is crucial to understand the anatomy of the pelvis to diagnose and treat pelvic girdle pathologies. It is import
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial]], and sub-muscular.
28 KB (4,120 words) - 16:03, 24 July 2023
...Page P. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2971639/pdf/najspt-05-189.pdf A new exercise for tennis elbow that works!] N Am J Sports Phys Ther
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
46 KB (6,778 words) - 21:11, 29 March 2024
...verage level of metal in the [[blood]] which may result in undesirable side-effects.<ref name="pathology">Goodman CC, Fuller KS. Pathology clinical impl
...ing central nervous system. Current Opinion in Toxicology. 2021 Jun 1;26:33-8.Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S246820202
13 KB (1,832 words) - 11:16, 17 February 2023
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...ajor muscle, an anatomic and clinical analysis. Am J Sports Med 1992;20:587-593.</ref> This attachment arrangement may result in partial tears being mu
14 KB (1,991 words) - 17:55, 26 June 2023
...ics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics 2014 Jun (Vol. 166, No. 2, pp. 198-210).</ref>
...onal Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2007 Feb;29(2):178-91.</ref>
18 KB (2,451 words) - 23:41, 2 April 2024
...ears: definition and treatment. International orthopaedics. 2015; 39(12): 1-12. (2C)</ref>
* Type A: [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Supraspinatus_tear supraspinatus] & superior [[subscapularis]]
27 KB (3,911 words) - 11:20, 18 August 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
See [[Cervical Anatomy]] for a comprehensive coverage of the Anatomy.
26 KB (3,576 words) - 11:32, 15 November 2023
...ournal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2004 Dec 1;75(suppl 4):iv24-31.</ref> The images may present themselves side by side, on top of one anot
...cular diplopia: a practical approach.] The neurologist. 2005 Mar 1;11(2):98-110.</ref>
9 KB (1,388 words) - 21:34, 16 May 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy<br> ==
...w.physio-pedia.com/Squeeze_Test squeeze test], the [https://youtu.be/dE5eRk-3gbo external rotation test] and the dorsiflexion test. When these tests are
24 KB (3,742 words) - 01:39, 31 August 2019
...Contributors''' - Arno De Winne, Margaux Reynders, [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Julie_Lhost Julie Lhost], {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLP
...back pain: a case–control study”, European Spine Journal, 2009, 18.7: 1066-1073. (level of evidence: 3B)</ref>
24 KB (3,645 words) - 00:27, 27 August 2019
<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shreya_Pavaskar Shreya Pavaskar] <br>
...uscular dystrophies. Journal of neuromuscular diseases. 2015 Jan 1;2(s2):S7-19.</ref> Patterns of weakness can be variable - Scapuloperoneal or distal w
16 KB (2,160 words) - 04:27, 11 May 2024
...and compromises. Anaesthesia, Pain & Intensive Care. 2020 Jun 10;24(5):481-3.</ref> and is expanded upon by the addition of six key notes and the etymo
...f pain: concepts, challenges, and compromises. Pain. 2020 Sep 1;161(9):1976-1982. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001939. PMID: 32694387; PMCID: PMC768071
29 KB (4,330 words) - 14:59, 12 April 2023
...rnational Journal of Language & Communication Disorders. 2022 Sep;57(5):963-76.</ref> This article provides an overview of communication, speech and lan
* anatomy and function of the oral mechanism
16 KB (2,073 words) - 13:23, 26 March 2024
...g bone fracture/osteotomy. International orthopaedics. 2012 Apr 1;36(4):689-95.</ref> A reduced weight bearing status can be applied to either an upper
...actures|fractures]] (surgically and non surgically repaired), and [[Tendon Anatomy|tendon]] or [[ligament]] repairs.
10 KB (1,538 words) - 20:41, 16 March 2023
...limitation and tissue destruction. It is associated with structural [[Lung Anatomy|lung]] changes due to chronic [[Inflammation Acute and Chronic|inflammation
...ellular and Molecular Physiology. 2020 Nov 1;319(5):L879-83.</ref>and gene-environment interactions (GxE)<ref name=":2" /> .
18 KB (2,387 words) - 15:26, 26 June 2023
...omotes dopamine release in the human nucleus accumbens. Synapse 2003;49:226-31. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12827641 (accessed 15 Sept 2015).</re
...mance. Alcohol slows reaction time and impairs precision, equilibrium, hand-eye [[Coordination Exercises|coordination]], accuracy, [[balance]], judgment
14 KB (1,993 words) - 17:08, 1 August 2023
...nfection in older adults]. Infectious Disease Clinics. 2017 Dec 1;31(4):593-608.</ref>. It is therefore essential for clinicians, such as physiotherapis
...s (including [https://physio-pedia.com/Coronavirus_Disease_(COVID-19) COVID-19]) have resulted in high mortality rates among older adults (mortality res
10 KB (1,373 words) - 15:42, 1 February 2023
...niversity Evidence-based Practice Project|Texas State University's Evidence-based Practice project]].
[[Image:Lower-back-pain.jpg|right|200px]]
25 KB (3,632 words) - 10:49, 24 May 2022
...broadcasting. <ref name=":0">Giakoni-Ramírez F, Merellano-Navarro E, Duclos-Bastías D. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8872150/ Professio
...-022-00748-w usiness & Information Systems Engineering]. 2022 Jun;64(3):393-9.</ref> With the advancement of technology, allowing for faster and easier
12 KB (1,678 words) - 13:40, 28 February 2023
== Anatomy and Biomechanics ==
...ity of the shoulder. ''J Arthroscopy and Related Surgery.'' 2008;24(9):1061-1073.</ref>
22 KB (3,185 words) - 14:12, 29 June 2023
<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div>
...muscle fibre to whole muscle mechanics]. Pflugers Arch. 2023 Apr;475(4):421-435. </ref> so rehabilitation professionals need to consider muscle length w
22 KB (3,387 words) - 00:01, 4 December 2023
...Original Editor '''- [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/deborah-riczo/ Deborah Riczo], [[User:Wanda van Niekerk|Wanda van Niekerk]]<br>
...lateral branches.<ref name=":1" /> This suggests that there are other extra-articular sources of sacroiliac region pain.<ref name=":1" />
26 KB (3,789 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
'''Original Editor '''- [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/deborah-riczo/ Deborah Riczo], [[User:Wanda van Niekerk|Wanda van Niekerk]]<br>
...control evaluation of transversus abdominis. Spine. 1996 Nov 15;21(22):2640-50.</ref> showed that the inner core acts in an anticipatory way and that th
17 KB (2,425 words) - 11:31, 18 August 2022
...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/tracy-prowse/ Tracy Prowse]<br>
...es and Burnout|burnout]].<ref name=":0" /> Children are not, however, “mini-adults” - they tend to present with different injuries to those typically
15 KB (2,097 words) - 23:39, 17 October 2023
...ry Dissection Presenting Findings and Predictors of Outcome. Stroke 37:2499-2503.</ref>. Evaluation of blood pressure as part of the physical examinatio
...space. A validated monitoring unit should be used ensuring the correct cuff-size. The cuff should be fitted so that two adult fingers can be inserted at
17 KB (2,433 words) - 08:56, 10 February 2016
...erve), is an upper extremity nerve, which is part of the posterior cord (C5-C6), and provides motor innervation to the [[deltoid]] and teres minor muscl
...tomic basis of its iatrogenic and traumatic injury.] Springer. 2010;32:193-201.
31 KB (4,411 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...rst year of polymyalgia rheumatica., Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Jun 15;57(5):803-9 LOE: 2a</ref><br>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
18 KB (2,588 words) - 12:21, 27 September 2023
...on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/rosanne-le-jeune/ Rosanne Lejeune Rosanne Lejeune]
...understanding of equine anatomy is essential and can be reviewed on the [[Anatomy of the Equine Hind Limb]] page. This page will cover the following hind li
21 KB (2,990 words) - 19:46, 4 January 2023
...ramework. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2023; 53(1) : 1-51 https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2022.11147</ref>.
== Anatomy of Cervical Spine ==
36 KB (5,235 words) - 12:52, 15 February 2023
...gy of Fallot. Available from: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2035949-overview#a0101<nowiki/>.(accessed 2 April 2012).</ref>
...erature and guidelines for practitioners. Pediatric Nursing. 2011;37(4):191-199.</ref><ref name="PubMed" />
16 KB (2,392 words) - 14:09, 14 May 2021
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Kudzanayi_Ronald_Muzenda Kudzanayi Ronald Muzenda] and [[User
...gical classification of spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2011; 34: 535-546</ref>{{#ev:vimeo|65471467|300}}
29 KB (4,219 words) - 12:08, 2 February 2024
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
...e. <ref>Kauer JMG., Rutten - Dobber CE, Kapandji IA. Bewegingsleer aan de hand van tekeningen van de werking van de menselijke gewrichten deel II De onder
24 KB (3,634 words) - 15:05, 15 December 2022
...portant Procedure in Clinical Practice. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2012; 62: 1: 96-104</ref>
...in clinical practice. Part II Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia ISSN 0482-5004</ref>,
23 KB (3,458 words) - 01:15, 14 August 2018
...H, Worth PF. [https://www.medicinejournal.co.uk/article/S1357-3039(16)30104-9/abstract Parkinson’s disease]. Medicine. 2016 Sep;44(9):542–6.
...000 person-years, and increases rapidly with age, affecting approximately 2-3% of the population older than 65 years of age.<ref name=":0" /> Clinical d
20 KB (2,888 words) - 20:11, 3 March 2024
...Morel-Lavallée seroma or effusion, post-traumatic soft tissue cysts or post-traumatic extravasations<ref name=":1" />.
...les/PMC5065277/pdf/jrcr-10-7-30.pdf Delayed presentation of a chronic Morel-Lavallee lesion]. Journal of Radiology Case Reports. 2016 Jul;10(7):30.</ref
13 KB (1,832 words) - 19:43, 25 November 2022
...splits the muramic acid linkage in bacterial cell walls, especially in gram-positive organisms).
...hial tree, the mucociliary epithelium transports them away from the [[Lung Anatomy|lung]]. Coughing also helps remove organisms.
17 KB (2,346 words) - 08:51, 2 August 2022
...9/7/1420 Ataxia]. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 2008 Aug 1;29(7):1420-2. Available from:http://www.ajnr.org/content/29/7/1420 (last accessed 8.2.2
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
27 KB (3,742 words) - 15:41, 7 May 2024
...illman R. Malignant chondroblastoma of the os calcis. Sarcoma. 1998; 2, 45-48.</ref>. In addition to long bones, chondroblastoma also occurs in the ace
...ology teach and tell: chondroblastoma. Pediatr Pathol Mol Med. 2002; 21, 71-74.</ref>.
15 KB (2,196 words) - 08:01, 31 July 2020
...lar Disorder (TMD) is a broad term that encompasses disorders of the [[TMJ Anatomy|temporomandibular joint]] and its associated anatomical structures.
...ere is a strong correlation between postural dysfunction of the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical spine]] and TMD. There are numerous other conditions that can caus
26 KB (3,849 words) - 15:15, 7 May 2024
...nd [[User:Joseph So|Joseph So]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]]
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
50 KB (7,379 words) - 23:04, 8 December 2022
...>Brukner P. Brukner and Khan's Clinical Sports Medicine. North Ryde: McGraw-Hill; 2012.</ref>
...name="Basic Biomechanics">Hall SJ. Basic Biomechanics. Boston, MA:: McGraw-Hill; 2007.</ref> ''<u>Example</u>'' - Muscles create a torque to rotat
25 KB (3,844 words) - 17:43, 2 October 2023
...l signs and symptoms that are inconsistent or cannot be explained by known anatomy or physiology.<ref name=":1">American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic an
...tient.co.uk website.<nowiki>http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/somatic-symptom-disorder</nowiki>. Accessed on March 20,2014. </ref><ref name=":3">American
28 KB (3,810 words) - 15:55, 8 February 2024
...plasma glucose; all of which are related to weight gain, specifically intra-abdominal/ectopic fat accumulation and large waist circumference<ref>Grundy
...should be given to effective early weight-management to reduce risk in pre-symptomatic individuals with large waists<ref name=":1">Han TS, Lean ME. [ht
11 KB (1,541 words) - 07:00, 21 August 2022
...ayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20352061 (Last Accessed 24/03/2019)</ref>, which manifest with neurological
...kelton P, Clift Z. [https://hi.org/en/early-rehabilitation-in-conflicts-and-disasters Early Rehabilitation in Conflicts and Disasters]. Handicap Interna
52 KB (7,519 words) - 11:45, 3 August 2022
...lobal Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet. 2017 Sep 16;390(10100):1211-59.</ref>
The [[Brain Anatomy|brain]] processes this pain message and responds in a way that will reduce
25 KB (3,823 words) - 17:19, 29 February 2024
...:813-818. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20170160 doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20170160]
..., if the disorder is developed in early childhood, the symptoms will be non-progressive, whereas the opposite holds true if developed later in life. HSP
24 KB (3,412 words) - 02:37, 23 October 2021
...560.html Acute bronchitis. American family physician.] 2016 Oct 1;94(7):560-5.</ref> [[Image:Bronchitis.jpg|right|300px|alt=|frameless]]
...ge airways commonly due to [[Viral Infections|viruses]] and is usually self-limiting.The most commonly identified viruses are rhinovirus, enterovirus, i
12 KB (1,664 words) - 12:15, 4 January 2022
...ith report of cases.] The American Journal of Surgery. 1941 Oct 1;54(1):326-38.</ref>
* Slipping-rib-cartilage syndrome
27 KB (3,916 words) - 11:12, 29 November 2022
...Exercise is the best way to increase functional capacity and prevent health-related problems.
...he management of chronic back pain.] Ochsner Journal. 2014 Mar 20;14(1):101-7. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3963038/<nowiki/>
12 KB (1,695 words) - 12:26, 20 November 2023
...ment of scapular winging. The Journal of hand surgery. 2019 Apr 1;44(4):321-30.</ref>
...ports [https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/bjsports/early/2017/07/22/bjsports-2017-097559.full.pdf?casa_token=GkkYpjRWDKcAAAAA:YBZetku4PyB6oUEJ3kcpQl5DmT218ByY
24 KB (3,413 words) - 04:05, 26 January 2024
<p><b>Original Editors </b> - [[User:Miguel Gonzalez-Rodriguez|Miguel Gonzalez-Rodriguez]]
...as a consequence of excessive load on the rotator cuff tissues". The patho-etiology of rotator cuff tendinopathy is multifactorial and can be attribute
34 KB (5,138 words) - 05:16, 17 November 2022
...rticle_5290.pdf Randomised controlled trial for evaluation of an ultrasound-guided palpation intervention for palpation skill training.] Sci Rep. 2022 J
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial]], and sub-muscular.
28 KB (4,062 words) - 06:26, 12 April 2024
[http://www.physio-pedia.com/Lumbar_Instability#Definition.2FDescription Lumbar instability] -
...ow back pain?] Network meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2020 Nov;54(21):1279-1287.</ref> Evidence suggests that the lack of muscle strength can itself co
33 KB (5,055 words) - 12:01, 24 April 2024
...d approach to clinical management]. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2011; 6(3): 254-66.</ref> It is, therefore, important to consider the role of the anterior n
...n on the role of the upper cervical spine, please click [https://www.physio-pedia.com/The_Upper_Cervical_Spine_and_Cervicogenic_Headaches here].
18 KB (2,630 words) - 22:54, 17 October 2023
...–a review.] Journal of Human Kinetics. 2015 Nov 22;48:17.</ref> Less than 1-2% of people living with DS who have AAI later develop symptomatic AAI. <ref
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
26 KB (3,564 words) - 14:14, 2 February 2024
...13 </ref><ref name=":0">Aslan A. and Fynes M., [https://journals.lww.com/co-obgyn/Abstract/2007/04000/Symphysial_pelvic_dysfunction.7.aspx Symphyseal pe
...been discussed using a multitude of terms in the literature including pubo-sacroiliac arthropathy, pelvic insufficiency, symphysis pain syndrome, pelvi
24 KB (3,460 words) - 21:20, 27 June 2023
...sed on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/srishti-banerjee/ Srishti Banerjee]<br>
...Joint|Glenohumeral]] subluxation post-stroke usually occurs 2-3 months post-stroke.<ref name=":1">Anwer S, Alghadir A. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc
12 KB (1,726 words) - 10:53, 9 January 2023
...d by blood in the stool. Up to 85% of people with ReA possess the HLA-B27 alloantigen. Individuals with the appropriate genetic background c
Reactive arthritis is relatively rare, and the incidence in population-based studies is reported to be 0.6 to 27 per 100,000. Reactive arthritis is
20 KB (2,835 words) - 15:08, 27 June 2023
== Introduction to COVID-19 ==
...ctions|viral]] illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2. It has had a devastating effect on the world’s demographics resulting i
37 KB (5,111 words) - 11:08, 18 August 2023
...diating into the foot, usually, this pain is worsened by walking (or weight-bearing activities). An examination may reveal [[Tinel’s Test|Tinel’s si
==Clinically Relevant Anatomy==
38 KB (5,735 words) - 20:52, 27 January 2021
...bchondral collapse which threatens the viability of the joint involved. Non-traumatic cases will typically present with mechanical pain of variable onse
...vascular necrosis Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2ZOTDbEe-0 (last accessed 6.10.19)</ref>
17 KB (2,633 words) - 13:27, 15 December 2022
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
40 KB (5,562 words) - 14:04, 27 November 2023
Traced back over 5,000-10,000 years, the early writings on yoga were transcribed on fragile palm le
...e Vedas and internalized it, teaching the sacrifice of the ego through self-knowledge, action (karma yoga) and wisdom (jnana yoga).
11 KB (1,726 words) - 12:34, 29 January 2024
<blockquote>"...the use of hands in a curative and healing manner or a hands-on technique with therapeutic intent..."<ref name="Lederman">Lederman E. The
...e to the life and work of G.D.Maitland 1924-2010. Manual Therapy. 2010; 300-301</ref>.
19 KB (2,840 words) - 14:12, 11 March 2024
...luloskeletal Care. Section 6, Knee and Lower leg - popliteal cyst: 2001:397-398 </ref>
...'Knee'' Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2006'';'' ''14''(7): 623-628. </ref>
22 KB (3,375 words) - 14:56, 2 May 2022
...llow us to create individual, patient-centred goals and ultimately a tailor-made treatment plan based on the client's needs.
Name, Age, Gender, Occupation, Dominant hand, Address.<ref>Neurological Physiotherapy Evaluation Form. Available from: h
11 KB (1,352 words) - 21:41, 5 October 2023
...ability and Health and physical therapist practice. Phys Ther. 2010;90:1053
-63.</ref>
...0}} <div class="row"><div class="col
-md
-6 col
-md
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-3"><div class="text
-right"><ref>Pranay Jindal. Video 1 NA: What is the International Classificat
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== Clinical Anatomy ==
...e until the age of 25 years. Peculiar among long bones is the clavicle’s S-shaped double curve, which is convex medially and concave laterally. This co
22 KB (3,141 words) - 13:33, 13 March 2023
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...epidemiological survey on ankle sprain. Br J Sports Med 1994 Jun;28(2):112-116.</ref>
22 KB (3,223 words) - 11:17, 22 December 2022
...om this, by the likes of Andry Vleeming, Diane Lee, and Thomas Myers, that anatomy slings are a large part of these systems and our ability to generate effici
...d the term ‘myofascial’ relates to the structures involved within a sling. Anatomy slings aren’t comprised of only one type of tissue; they are comprised of
41 KB (6,260 words) - 13:54, 17 August 2020
...] tendon dysfunction (PTTD) insufficiency is the most common cause of adult-acquired flatfoot deformity. Failure of the tendon affects surrounding ligam
...6472584 Classifications in Brief: Johnson and Strom Classification of Adult-acquired Flatfoot Deformity]. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016 Feb; 474(2): 588�
28 KB (4,050 words) - 20:27, 15 July 2022
...7&hl=en&sa=T&oi=gsb&ct=res&cd=0&d=4835174966929252867&ei=33D_Y-b6G8K1ywTR2b-ACw&scisig=AAGBfm0_NiE12NAJ6fxWp2LhTVd1yZ0_wA Canine Thoracic Costovertebral
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
35 KB (5,073 words) - 17:45, 1 March 2023
...mics pertains to the importance of having a sound structure within a social-technical system. This includes organizational structures, policies, and pro
...ce of physical ergonomics contributes to optimizing your approach to day-to-day operations.
13 KB (1,755 words) - 13:52, 7 December 2023
...d clinical trial]. British journal of sports medicine. 2021 May 1;55(9):501-9.</ref>.
...n in elite male volleyball players.] Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019;29(7):992-9. </ref>
27 KB (3,805 words) - 14:10, 5 January 2023
...JI, Ingebrigtsen T. [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1471-2474-14-206 Accuracy of physical examination for chronic lumbar radiculopathy]. BMC
...of back pain, referred pain, and radicular pain. Pain. 2009 Dec 1;147(1):17-9.</ref>
28 KB (4,188 words) - 11:24, 28 August 2023
...ctional study.] International Journal of Sexual Health. 2022 Jan 2;34(1):81-9.</ref>
...nismus: An overview.] The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 2022 May 1;19(5):S228-9.</ref> However, a strong psychological component is associated with its pr
31 KB (4,333 words) - 17:28, 10 August 2022
[https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/keryn-legg/ Keryn Legg]
...sment for the Equine Athlete. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract. 2016;32(1):31-47.</ref>
18 KB (2,538 words) - 18:25, 9 January 2024
...arises from the [[Atlanto-occipital joint|atlanto-occipital]] and [[Atlanto-axial joint|upper cervical joints]] and perceived in one or more regions of
The [http://www.ihs-headache.org/ International Headache Society] (IHS) has validated cervicogen
27 KB (3,832 words) - 11:35, 15 November 2023
...rgans <ref>Sengupta P. Health impacts of yoga and pranayama: A state-of-the-art review. International journal of preventive medicine. 2012 Jul;3(7):444.
...les in patients of hypertension. InternatJ yoga therap. 2011 Sep 1;21(1):73-6.</ref>
14 KB (2,082 words) - 18:28, 2 January 2024
...0">Brukner P. Brukner & Khan's clinical sports medicine. North Ryde: McGraw-Hill; 2012.</ref> To know which muscles are affected, it is very essential t
...://medicotime.com/grays-anatomy-pdf-download/ Gray's anatomy for students E-book.] Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009 Apr 4.</ref>
22 KB (3,160 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
[[File: Ballet dancer-en pointe.jpg|thumb|Ballet Dancer-En Pointe Position.]]
...non-dancers]. Medical problems of performing artists. 2015 Sep 1;30(3):152-6.</ref>
31 KB (4,783 words) - 18:36, 16 July 2021
| Spastic Co-Contractions
...or standing postures. In an individual with spasticity, there is a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone to passive movement<ref>Bhimani R, Anderso
31 KB (4,366 words) - 10:45, 23 June 2023
...emple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
...ation.] Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2017 Jul;47(7):A1-83.</ref>.
24 KB (3,342 words) - 11:41, 15 November 2023
...]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/dana-palmer// Dana Palmer]<br>
...s for social influence.] Trends in cognitive sciences. 2018 May 1;22(5):388-99.</ref> While our skin is an important part of our outer appearance, it p
31 KB (4,624 words) - 03:24, 21 March 2023
...ong University Students: A Review.] Journal of Techno Social 2021;13(1): 44-53</ref> Regular reading becomes a habit only when the act of reading is per
...eading: how to read scientific papers?] Natl Sci Rev. 2020 Jun 19;7(9):1422-1427.</ref> It is a skill and a process that needs to be developed and requi
17 KB (2,481 words) - 22:22, 19 November 2023
'''Original Editor '''- [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/alaa-kora/ Alaa Kora]
...&dq=Rogers+K.+Blood+Physiology+and+Circulation&ots=aH_Lxnj0bI&sig=yU4BEN-qT-a1HC3hTJq0NPIkjKg Blood: physiology and circulation.] The Rosen Publishing G
20 KB (2,844 words) - 16:13, 23 March 2024
...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/ziya-altug/ Ziya Altug]<br>'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULL
...Associated risk factors with low back pain in white-collar workers—A cross-sectional study]. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022 Feb 25;11(5):1275.</ref
21 KB (2,959 words) - 03:04, 7 November 2023
...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/damien-howell/ Damien Howell]<br>
...verse effects of physical activity promotion. ''Br J Sports Med, 49''(1), 1-2.</ref>
13 KB (1,878 words) - 05:09, 31 October 2023
...f the concept and its clinical applications. PM and R. 2011 Aug 31;3(8):739-45.</ref>
...dapted Reuleaux’s theory and included the analysis of human movement, sport-specific activity patterns and [[Therapeutic Exercise|exercise]]. He suggest
15 KB (2,282 words) - 12:47, 12 December 2022
...n Southern]. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita. 2017 Jun 7;53(2):142-5.</ref> This is often observed with the medial arch of the foot coming clo
...ly have flatter feet?]. Journal of foot and ankle research. 2015 Dec;8(1):1-7.</ref>
31 KB (4,669 words) - 09:18, 4 January 2024
...97-306.</ref> Dysfunction in one can lead to a dysfunction in the other (co-dependency).
...s or abdominals due to adapted contraction patterns based on muscles’ force-length curve. Thus, it could be suggested that inspiration and expiration st
23 KB (3,308 words) - 17:13, 29 June 2023
[[File:Talipes-equinovarus-Picture.jpg|thumb]]
...ic clubfoot]. Clinical orthopaedics and related research. 2002 Aug 1;401:39-48.</ref>. The foot affected by clubfoot is shorter, and the calf circumfer
24 KB (3,660 words) - 19:10, 22 October 2022
[[File:Sports-related concussion.jpg|thumb|280x280px]]
...hile it is impossible to eliminate all concussions in sport, but concussion-prevention strategies can reduce the number and severity of concussions in m
34 KB (5,029 words) - 16:23, 13 November 2021
...systematic review]. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice. 2017 Jun 1;29:43-51.</ref><br>TM is not a medical disorder or disease but rather a symptom of
...r view image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/trapezius-muscle</ref>
24 KB (3,438 words) - 20:45, 17 March 2023
...s">Saunders HD. Lumbar traction*. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1979; 1(1): 36-45. (LEVEL 1A)</ref>
...dy. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2007; 8: 118. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-8-118</ref> and recent guidelines published by NICE in the UK<ref>National Ins
26 KB (4,004 words) - 11:31, 5 January 2024
...edia.com/Nociception nociceptive pain]) or nerve damage ([http://www.physio-pedia.com/Neuropathic_pain neuropathic pain]).
== WHO Analgesic Ladder Step 1-3 ==
29 KB (4,205 words) - 22:05, 10 October 2022
[[File:Cx-Radiculopathy-Final-Version-.png|right|frameless|499x499px]]
...of Neck Pain and Radicular Symptoms. Am Fam Physician. 2010 Jan 1;81(1):33-40.</ref>
40 KB (5,769 words) - 11:33, 15 November 2023
...rcise and Performance. 10th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education. 2018. p548-572</ref>
...ed Factor-1 (HIF -1), is triggered by a low PO<sub>2</sub> at altitude. HIF-1 activates genes concerning erythropoietin (EPO) production, which are invo
23 KB (3,551 words) - 15:35, 12 December 2023
The cerebellum is a vital component in the human [[Brain Anatomy|brain]] as it plays a role in motor movement regulation and [[balance]] con
...erebellum consists of grey matter and white matter:<ref name=":0">Teach me anatomy. [https://teachmeanatomy.info/neuroanatomy/structures/cerebellum/ The Cereb
27 KB (3,826 words) - 04:31, 11 May 2024
...d non-surgical treatment of Bell's palsy]. Journal of otology. 2015;10(1):7-12. </ref>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
25 KB (3,610 words) - 19:38, 27 November 2023
...n, MD, BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO, site: http://www.dizziness-and-balance.com/disorders/bppv/bppv.html , Page last modified: February 3, 2013<
...: Diagnosing and managing vertigo. Nurse Practitioner. 2002 Aug 1;27(8): 11-23.</ref>.<br>
35 KB (5,111 words) - 14:32, 7 March 2024
...achii in superior stability of the glenohumeral joint.] JBJS 1995;77(3):366-72.</ref>
* The proximal tendon rupture in most cases occurs at the tendon-labral junction or the bony attachment<ref name=":1" />.
15 KB (2,141 words) - 14:54, 10 January 2022
