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...ref><ref name="p3">RobRoy L. Martin. Evidence of Validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). 2005</ref>. ...21 for the ADL and 7 of 8 for the Sports subscales respectively)[[Foot and Ankle Ability Measure|[1]]]

...e fracture. Archives of orthopaedic and traumatic surgery. 1984 Sep;103:190-4.</ref> Individuals who have had an ankle fracture.

...nts of existing validated [[Introduction to Clubfoot|clubfoot]] assessment measures (such as the [[Roye Score]]), and adapted for local use. It is accurate, e ...ts of clubfoot management in children of walking age, ie mid-term to longer-term results<ref name=":0" />.

...7;37(2):72-84. doi:10.2519/jospt.2007.2403.</ref> is a region-specific self-report of function, firstly described in 1999 by Martin et al. The FADI is a former version of the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php5?title=Foot_and_Ankle_Ability_Measure FAAM]. The 2 instr

The lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) is a valid patient-rated outcome measure (PROM) for the measurement of lower extremity function. It was firs ...figure/Source-originale-Binkley-JM-Stratford-PW-Lott-SA-Riddle-DL-The-Lower-Extremity_fig1_221874838 (accessed on 29 August 2018)</ref><br>

...g.] Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 2006 Sep 1;87(9):1235-41.</ref> Using a numeric value, the CAIT has the ability to discriminate be Individuals with '''[[Chronic Ankle Instability|chronic ankle instability]]''' are identified and monitored with this valid and reliable

...ilable at: <nowiki>https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/talus-fractures</nowiki> [Accessed 31 Jan. 2019].</ref> ...(the tibia and fibula bones of the lower leg make up the upper part of the ankle joint). The talus sits above the heel bone (calcaneus). Together, the talus

...try and physiotherapy standardised recording proforma. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 2016; 9:8</ref> ...ychometric test that was considered was the reliability, and this was based-on the clinician's opinion only. Due to the lack of formal critique of the p

...ition of the distal fibular fracture in relation to the syndesmosis of the ankle joint. There are three classifications based on the location and type of fr * At the level of the ankle joint, extending proximally in an oblique fashion up the fibula

...ity: the IdFAI.] Athletic Training & Sports Health Care. 2013 Jan 1;5(1):38-43.</ref> ...kle instability measures.] Foot & Ankle International. 2011 Dec;32(12):1140-6.</ref>.

<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div> [[Image:Open-physio.jpg|right|Open-physio.jpg]]<br>

...ref><ref name="p3">RobRoy L. Martin. Evidence of Validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). 2005</ref>. ...ional 5 items found on the FADI. Four ‘pain-related’ items of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index and the ability of an individual to sleep are deleted. The

...gery. These self-administered PROs assesses how foot problems impair health-related quality of life can be completed before and after surgery. ...ariety of foot or ankle problems. The MOXFQ (foot) and the MOXFQ (foot and ankle) PROs are available for license through iOutcomes.

...joint rehabilitation. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2000 May 1;9(2):135-59.</ref> ...nical rehabilitation. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2021 Dec 9;31(6):717-35.

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...ssed because the symptoms of this injury resemble the symptoms of a normal ankle sprain. Some physicians may feel that posterior tibial tendon rupture is a

...March. 1998 Mar.</ref> and straining or rupture of the muscles around the ankle (e.g. [[Calf Strain|calf]], [[Peroneal Tendinopathy|peroneii]], [[Tibialis [[File:Cross-section_of_ankle.png|right|frameless|300x300px]]

...the [[talus]] of the [[Foot Anatomy|foot]]. See the page for [[Ankle Joint|ankle joint]] for more information. ...together create an architectural vault, which is one of the strongest load-bearing structures known to mankind.<ref>The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britan

The TMJ is a bi-arthroidal hinge [[Joint Classification|joint]] that allows these complex mo TMJ is a synovial, condylar, and hinge-type joint with fibrocartilaginous surfaces and an articular disc; this disc

[[File:Spasticity-in-the-hand.webp|thumb|Example of upper limb spasticity ]] ...ications for clinical practice.] Top Stroke Rehabil. 2009 May-Jun;16(3):177-88.</ref>

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] [[File:Figure 3-Ankle ligaments.PNG|thumb|363x363px|Ankle tendon attachment]]

...apartum maternal lumbosacral plexopathy. Muscle & nerve. 2002 Sep;26(3):340-7. ...the American Association of Electrodiagnostic Medicine. 1992 Aug;15(8):937-40.

....ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5052189/ Classifications In brief: salter-harris classification of pediatric physeal fractures].</ref><ref name=":3" / ...metaphysis and epiphysis are separated by the physis (growth plate). Salter-Harris fractures are unique to children because they involve the growth plat

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC161815/ Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score (HOOS)--validity and responsiveness in total hip replacement.] BMC Mu

...gy of the sesamoid bones]. International orthopaedics. 1987 May 1;11(2):141-7.</ref>. ...DeHeer DP. [https://www.podiatrytoday.com/comprehensive-guide-reviving-sick-sesamoid A Comprehensive Guide To Reviving The Sick Sesamoid]. Podiatry Toda

...f-administered outcome measure.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 Aug;28(2):88-96.</ref>.<br> The questionnaire can be downloaded from [http://www.koos.nu/koos-english.pdf here]

...l Control|postural control]] due to musculoskeletal injuries (e.g. chronic ankle instability), to identify athletes at greater risk for lower extremity inju ...ternational Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training. 2021 Jul 20;26(6):285-93.

|0/5 Ankle Ankle Decreased Achilles Length

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...to partial or complete detachment of the fragment. The defects cause deep ankle pain associated with weightbearing. Impaired function, limited range of mot

...ood pressure gradients of the extremity]. Am J Med Sci. 1950 Aug;220(2):117-26.</ref>.... ...:https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ankle-brachial-index/about/pac-20392934 (Last accessed 12/09/2022)</ref>....

...to the specific [[Joint Classification|joint]].<ref>Cleveland Clinic. Post-traumatic arthritis. Available from:http://www.massagetoday.com/mpacms/mt/ar ...landclinic.org/health/diseases/14616-post-traumatic-arthritis/diagnosis-and-tests (accessed 6 April 2019).</ref>

...disorders that involve anxiety and depression and can lead to or worsen pre-existing conditions. Many of the bodies systems can be affected by GAD, incl <br>A 28 year-old Caucasian female presents to the clinic with complaints of joint pain (a

...are available showing adequate validity and reliability. The 20-item scale measures problems with neck movements, neck pain intensity, effect of neck pain on e ...scored significantly higher NPAD scores.<ref name="p1" /><span style="font-size: 13.28px;">&nbsp;(level of evidence B)</span>

...etween heavy tobacco use and the development of Buerger's disease<ref>Klein-Weigel P, Volz TS, Zange L, Richter J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/art ...2880529/ Thromboangiitis obliterans. Circulation]. 2010 Apr 27;121(16):1858-61.</ref>.

...that with age comes increased incidence of chronic disease. The numerous co-morbidities associated with chronic disease have several implications on the ...nfortunately, there was slow healing of the incision related to a fall post-surgery. Fitting of the prosthesis was delayed by several months.


...py. [https://oce-ovid-com.ezproxy.library.uq.edu.au/searchResults?q=%221557-0576%22.is%20and%20%2240%22.vo%20and%20%221%22.ip%20and%20%223%22.pg%20or%20 ...Many different training setups can be utilized, from fairly simple lean-and-release perturbations requiring only a safety harness, to advanced systems t

<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div> ...protectors for certain patients (through their medical cards). For the bed-bound residents I create positioning charts and try to maintain active and p

...the static weightbearing and non-weightbearing [[Goniometer|goniometric]] measures currently used in the clinic. ...r the foot posture index]. Journal of Foot and Ankle research. 2008 Dec;1:1-9.

[https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/bernice-saban/ Bernice Saban]<br> ...nd and magnetic resonance imaging]. Insights into imaging. 2017 Feb;8(1):69-78. </ref> Validation of this diagnosis through the use of a reliable clinic

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Helene Simpson]<br> ...of trimalleolar ankle fractures.] EFORT Open Reviews. 2021 Aug 10;6(8):692-703.</ref>

* Seventy-five percent of cases of acute compartment syndrome are associated with frac {{#ev:youtube|IOKixPJi-Ns}}

[[File: Anatomy ankle and foot 2.jpg|right|frameless]] ...]] [[bone]]<nowiki/>s. Together, the three borders (listed below) form the ankle mortise.

...cted but PVNS occurs mostly in the knee (80%), followed by the hip and the ankle (foot). To a lesser degree in the wrist, shoulder and elbow. It may also ap ...ant cells, and some inflammatory cells [1][5][7][9]. Hemosiderin is an iron-rich pigment, responsible for the brownish rusty colour [2][5][14].&nbsp; <b

...ement properties. Neurorehabilitation and neural repair. 2002 Sep;16(3):232-40.</ref>. It is applied clinically and in research to determine disease sev The FMA was designed to be used for patients with post-stroke hemiplegic patients of all ages.

...e course presented by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/helene-simpson/ Helene Simpson] [[File:Ankle image.jpeg|right|frameless|250x250px|Ankle]]

...Passmore|James Passmore]] as part of the [[Texas State University Evidence-based Practice Project]] ...tic ankle sprains in athletes. International SportMed Journal. 2003;4 (4):1-10.
6</ref>

...of surgery in achillodynia. Foot &amp; ankle international 1997; 18(9): 565-9.</ref> ...Scandinavian Journal of Medicine &amp; Science in Sports 2009; 19(5): 609-15.</ref> This review will explore disparity between duration and frequency

...with secondary dx of possible TBI from explosion. Pt was recommended to out-patient therapy to increase independence with ADL, IADL, mobility, regulate veteran, amputee, trans-radial, trans-femoral, ADL, phantom limb pain

Post-traumatic [[arthritis]] is a condition triggered by an acute joint trauma th ...a progressive process of severe debilitating condition known as acute post-traumatic arthritis (PTA). PTA can occur at any age, in any joints and may d

...index consisting of 23 items divided into 3 sub-scales. Both total and sub-scale scores are produced. ...Irrgang JJ. A survey of selfreported outcome instruments for the foot and ankle. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.2007;37:72–84. (level of evidence A)</ref> It

...m the clinical diagnosis. <blockquote>"We can't treat the patient just on x-rays or just on MRI findings. These things have to come together (with the o === X-Rays ===

...ent syndrome. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/307668-overview (accessed 06/04/2020).</ref> ...ilable from: https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/compartment-syndrome/ (accessed 04/06/2020). </ref>

...sculoskeletal assessment]. Nursing made incredibly easy. 2004 May 1;2(3):46-50.</ref> ...University of Western Ontario. Available from: <nowiki>https://rheum.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/The_Musculoskeletal_Screening_Examination_Booklet.pd

<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div> {{#ev:youtube| ZEgD-Mn5ftc|width}}

...Joint Hypermobility and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults: A Large, Cross-Sectional, Case Control Comparison.] Front Psychiatry. 2022 Feb 8;12:803334. ...of hypermobility of joints: assembling criteria]. J Rheumatol 1992; 19: 115-22.</ref>

...ry, London:Springer. 2012. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-609-2_15</nowiki></ref> ...opathy: a literature synthesis]. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2009;32(1):41-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2008.09.014. (level of evidence 1A)</ref>

...f normal walking. Instr Course Lect 1990;39:291–303.</ref> Weakness in the ankle and foot dorsiflexors results in an equinovarus deformity. Sometimes referr ...ssure palsies.  Weight loss, prolonged bedridden status, tight casts, space-occupying lesions, and bone metastasis involving the fibular head can be oth

...ards, Kaitlin Flak, Erin Huml, and Katie Jackson from the[http://www.physio-pedia.com/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems Bellarmine University ...vities of daily living due to the effects of dialysis treatment. Objective measures during evaluation validated these complaints. The patient’s goals were to

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Helene Simpson] [[File:Three-types-of-cartilage-hyaline-elastic-and-fibrocartilage.png|thumb|392x392px|The 3 types of cartilage]]

...gous blood, there are limited adverse reactions compared to other injection-based therapies, such as corticosteroid injections<ref name=":0" />. # Pure platelet-rich fibrin (P-PRF)

...epidemiological survey on ankle sprain. Br J Sports Med 1994 Jun;28(2):112-116.</ref> ...ficits associated with chronic ankle instability. Sports Med 2009;39(3):207-224.</ref> <br>

...oblem''' that he wanted addressed by physiotherapy as '''pain in his right ankle impacting on his walking.''' ...of dystonia: a consensus update]. Movement disorders. 2013 Jun 15;28(7):863-73.</ref><ref>Arabia G, De Martino A, Moro E. Sex and gender differences in

...of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada. 2008.30(1). pp. 44-50. 30(1). pp. 44-50. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18198067/ [Accessed 22 No ...ve studies. Tropical medicine and International health. 2015 20(5). pp. 554-568. Available from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25640771/ [Accessed 21 N

...'' -  [[User:Naomi O'Reilly|Naomi O'Reilly]] and [http://relabhs.org/ ReLAB-HS] ...ight, and the impact that this may be having on her overall health and well-being and felt that this is contributing to her reduced balance, ability to

...mation Acute and Chronic|inflammation.]] A good understanding of foot and ankle anatomy is necessary for the proper diagnosis and treatment of injuries. The ankle is formed by three bones: the talus, tibia and fibula. The anatomical struc

...nature, metric properties, use and misuse. Spinal Cord. 2013 May;51(5):346-55.</ref> A year following the release of the 19 level WISCI, it was modifie ...inal cord injury. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. 2003 Sep;17(3):153-67.</ref><ref>Morganti B, Scivoletto G, Ditunno P, Ditunno JF, Molinari M. 

...ventions for older people]] with frailty, which are primarily physiotherapy-led, or supervised. ...ent|comprehensive geriatric assessment]] (CGA), known to improve [[Outcome Measures|outcomes]] for older people, particularly those with frailty. A CGA approac

...of Regent Park include low-income populations, immigrants and refugees, non-status individuals, and the homeless. As such, clients of the health centre #Demographic information: retired male, age 64 years, resent non-status immigrant


...scale of muscle spasticity. InClassic papers in orthopaedics 2014 (pp. 415-417). Springer, London.</ref> ...tric neurological populations. Physical Therapy Reviews. 2002 Mar 1;7(1):53-62.</ref>

[https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/bernice-saban/ Bernice Saban]<br> ...7 Jan 1;95(1):29-34.    </ref><ref>Diener I. Physiotherapy support for self-management of persisting musculoskeletal pain disorders. South African Journ

...435px|<ref>https://greenbayacupuncture.co/2017/05/17/metatarsalgia-forefoot-pain/</ref>|right|frameless]] ...nective-tissue-disorders/foot-and-ankle-disorders/metatarsophalangeal-joint-pain (last accessed 25.6.2020)</ref>

...make a big difference by partly off-loading the arthritic joint.. Foot and ankle orthoses, such as shoe wedging or insoles can be hugely beneficial again by ...Trials have also shown that home-based exercise programmes are effective11-13 , particularly if supported and monitored

...r, Patrick Fleming, Grant Idlewine, Kyle Kelley from the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems Bellarmine University *Co-morbidities: Diabetes, hypertension, alcoholism&nbsp;

...//bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12891-017-1660-8<nowiki/>(accessed 4.1.2022)</ref>. ....htm SLS] Available:https://www.topendsports.com/testing/tests/squat-single-leg.htm (accessed 4.1.2022)</ref>.

...The following programmes, Phased Achilles Tendon Loading Programme and 12-Week Eccentric Loading Programme look at [[Tendon Load and Capacity|tendon l ...but their inclusion are dependent upon pain which is monitored using a pain-monitoring model.

...nstable. As a result, the talus tilts and other ligaments can be ruptured. Ankle instability or arthritis can be the result of diastasis [8]&nbsp;[9]. ...separation of the lateral and medial malleolus during dorsiflexion of the ankle joint [14].

...remission Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 103 (2) 161-2.</ref>. As footwear orthoses and footwear were not available, This study d ...re was limited dorsiflexion of the ankle joint less that ten degrees. The X-ray showed no signs of [[osteomyelitis]]<ref name=":0" />. The patient exper

...ease Imaging. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/406458-overview (accessed 25/05/2020).</ref> ...%2Faws4_ Blount disease.] Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2009;91(7):1758-76.</ref> This can be described by the effects of increased weight on the gr

...mbers.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/michelle-green-smerdon// Michelle Green-Smerdon]<br>'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}} Ms E is a 20-year-old dancer. She has been dancing for 17 years and does ballet, tap, modern,

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...uring 1970–2000 and projections for the future.] Bone. 2002 Sep 1;31(3):430-3.</ref> Fractures of the foot are less common.<br>

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]. ...Contributors''' -{{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Helene Simpson] ...ic factors in ankle sprains: a review.] EFORT Open Rev. 2020 Jun 1;5(6):334-338. </ref> These factors, when identified early, can signal to the practiti

[https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/bernice-saban/ Bernice Saban]<br> ...inical reasoning and patient values]. Br J Sports Med. 2021 Oct;55(19):1106-18. </ref>

...ugh the process of identifying potential risk factors association with Mid-Portion Achilles Tendinopathy, important questions and observations that fo ...mid-portion achilles tendinopathy. These can be further classified as non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors:

...n.com/walking-can-relieve-leg-pain-in-people-with-peripheral-artery-disease-151240<nowiki/>(accessed 6.6.2021)</ref> [[File:Smoking-1026556 960 720-2.jpg|right|frameless]]

...en|Yelena Gesthuizen]] as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project]] ...Journal of Bone &amp; Joint Surgery, December 1978, vol. 60, no. 8, p. 1113-1116. (Level of Evidence 1B)</ref>

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Helene Simpson]<br> ...n participate; the patient's compliance with treatment is essential; and re-assessment is necessary when there is a lack of progress.

...tendinopathy: An update from the lab to the clinical practice.] ''Disease-a-Month'', ''68''(10), p.101314.</ref> Tendinopathy presents with chronic pain ...nt of Tendinopathies in Sports Medicine. ''Transl Sports Med''. 2018;1(1):5-13.</ref> People who struggle with tendinopathy or pain related to tendons h

...and Cohort Knee study]. Osteoarthritis and cartilage. 2017 May 1;25(5):647-53.</ref>. [[Knee Osteoarthritis|Tibiofemoral (TF) OA]] tends to be more foc ...n of clinical signs and symptoms as well as radiographic information from X-rays and MRIs are used to diagnose PF OA. 

...stematic review. Critical reviews in oncology/hematology. 2018 Jan 1;121:90-100.</ref>. * The most common side effect from the use of chemotherapy is chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), which impacts both on a patient's phys

...fessional Road Cyclists.] The American journal of sports medicine. 38. 2494-501. 10.1177/0363546510376816. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net ...Assessment|lumbar]] spine, [[Hip Anatomy|hip]], [[knee]], [[Ankle and Foot|ankle]]) gets a problem it can pull on the knee joint changing the way the knee f

[https://www.physio-pedia.com/Parkinson%27s_Case_Study_-_John_(Initial_Assessment) Read Initial Assessment page first] * Re-orientate John’s left and right side, especially through soft tissue stret

<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shreya_Pavaskar Shreya Pavaskar]<br> ...Tardieu Scale was developed by Tardieu ''et al'' in 1954. Held and Pierrot-Deseilligny modified it in 1969, and it was further modified in 1999 by Boyd

...mptoms of CMT, progression of the disease, the use of CMT specific outcome measures, evidence based intervention methods, and predicted outcomes for patients w ...egeneration in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A. Brain. 2000;123(7):1516-1527. [https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/123/7/1516/380271 doi:10.1093/

...ehabilitation. Available from http://www.austpar.com/portals/acute_care/pre-op.php (Accessed 11 Nov 2017)</ref> ...uire amputation in the near future at a higher level and the use of a trans-tibial prosthesis on the first side would facilitate independent transfers a

...ly use her prosthesis. The patient was very clear she would only stay for 4-5 days at rehabilitation so physical therapy (PT) treatment focused on educa ...navigate stairs. She received her prosthesis on 6/19/15 and was seen for OP-PT follow up on 6/22/15. The patient was having difficulty managing and donn

...Manual therapy for musculoskeletal pain syndromes: An evidence-and clinical-informed approach. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2015 Jun 17</ref>. ...a. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 2002 Jun;12(3):129-35.</ref>.

...mans|Tania Appelmans]] as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project]] ...is dissecans. Clinical orthopaedics and related research. 1981 Jul 1;158:59-69. Level of evidence: 1A</ref>^&nbsp;That process can lead to pai

...otorcycling. Following a 4 week period of rehabilitation focused on gait re-education, functional activities, balance work and psychological discussions Transtibial, peripheral vascular disease, gait re-education, balance training.

...ntia and their family carers provided at home: a systematic review and meta-analysis.] BMJ open. 2019 Nov 1;9(11):e026308. ...ic review.] Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2017 Aug;65(8):1863-9.</ref>

...trophy in Taiwan: A medical center experience." Pediatr Neonatol 59(2): 176-183. ...in the loss of gait performance when patients are approximately 10–12-years-old.<ref>Manzur AY, Kuntzer T, Pike M, Swan A. Glucocorticoid corticosteroid

<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shreya_Pavaskar Shreya Pavaskar] <br> ...uscular dystrophies. Journal of neuromuscular diseases. 2015 Jan 1;2(s2):S7-19.</ref> Patterns of weakness can be variable - Scapuloperoneal or distal w

...ue injury study]. British journal of sports medicine. 2013 Aug 1;47(12):743-7.</ref> ...tible to injury as it is a biarthrodial muscle extending over the knee and ankle. Sudden bursts of acceleration can precipitate injury as well as a sudden e

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), refers to idiopathic osteonecrosis of the fem '''Image 1:''' [[X-Rays|XRay]] - Bilateral [[Avascular Necrosis Femoral Head]] (Legg Calve Pert

[[File:Distal-femoral-fracture.png|thumb|290x290px|Distal-femoral-fracture]] ...femoral fracture Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/distal-femoral-fracture (accessed 11.12.2022)</ref>Other names: Supracondylar femur fractur

...other disorders that have generalized joint hypermobility, such as [[Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome]], [[Rheumatoid Arthritis]], [[Systemic Lupus Erythematosus] ...xity (Hypermobility) in Fourteen-Year-Old Children From the UK:A Population-Based Evaluation.2011(Level of Evidence: 2B)</ref>, more common in Asian, Af

...ularly so after hospital dischage. The ability to react to a [[Perturbation-Based Balance Training|balance perturbation]] is critical to maintain [[bala ...als, elderly subjects more often rely on stepping strategies as opposed to ankle or hip strategies to recover balance following a postural perturbation<ref

...]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/nick-rainey// Nick Rainey]<br> '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{ ...lowing evidence-based protocols means that you reduce the chance of a poor outcome. You should make sure that these protocols are specific to your patient dem

...from 2014. My aim was to evaluate the patient's assessment, treatment and outcome measurements with reference to the WHO ICF framework and current guidelines 62-year-old man with a 8 week post-op following right transtibial amputation secondary to PVD and Type 2 Diabet

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]. == What is an Ankle Arthroplasty? ==

[[File:Reactive-balance-posterior-lateral-perturbation.png|thumb|Reactive Balance]] ...inary randomized controlled trials.] Physical therapy. 2015 May 1;95(5):700-9.</ref>

...] tendon dysfunction (PTTD) insufficiency is the most common cause of adult-acquired flatfoot deformity. Failure of the tendon affects surrounding ligam ...6472584 Classifications in Brief: Johnson and Strom Classification of Adult-acquired Flatfoot Deformity]. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016 Feb; 474(2): 588�

...therapists with an [[Evidence Based Practice(EBP) in Physiotherapy|evidence-based]] tool to assist in patient management when determining a particular d ...herapist will decide which intervention is likely to result in the optimal outcome for the patient, based on the information they have collected.<ref name="p1

== <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Definition/Description&nbsp;</span> == ...x injuries of the knee. The tibial plateau is one of the most critical load-bearing areas in the human body. Early detection and appropriate treatment o

...nt treatment strategies for patella fractures.] Orthopedics. 2015;38(6):377-84.</ref><ref name=":3">Archdeacon M., Sanders R. Chapter 54 - Patella Fract ...s://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/f/fractured-kneecap.html (accessed 25/07/2018).</ref><ref>Schunke M. Anatomische atlas P

...//www.sciencedirect.com/book/9781455728961/acute-care-handbook-for-physical-therapists (accessed 26.12.2022)</ref> ...inuing Education in Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain'', ''12''(2), pp.62-66.</ref>.

...role of acute care.] Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2013;91:386-8.</ref> ...ices/publications/clinical-strategy-and-programmes/acute-medical-assessment-units.pdf Acute Medical Assessment Units: A Literature Review. Report] by D

...he ankle. Journal of Foot Ankle Surgery [serial online]. May 2010;49(3):219-223. Available from: CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Ipswich, MA. Accessed July [[Image:493x335 ankle.jpg|center|500px]]

...bs: a protocol of a systematic review]. Systematic Reviews. 2019 Dec;8(1):1-6.</ref> ...nopathies: A systematic review.] Musculoskeletal Care. 2021 Mar 1;19(1):110-26.</ref>

[[Image:Heel-spur.jpg|thumb|200x150px|Heel spur]] ...l KS .,‘Plantar fasciitis and the calcaneal spur: Fact or fiction?’., Foot Ankle Surg.,18 March 2012 (level of evidence 3B)</ref>&nbsp;

...it weekly, be referred to an occupational therapist, and enrolled in a post-polio support program. Finally, the patient has been discharged from physiot ...ments in strength, endurance, function, tone, gait, and balance whereas non-motor tests should consider quality of life particularly with respect to fat

...Quadriceps tendon rupture - treatment results.Med Pregl 2013;66(11-12):453-8.</ref> ...analysis of risk factors and associations; South Med J.; 2002 Aug;95(8):860-866; 

[[File:Knee-OA1.png|thumb|463x463px|Knee OA]] ...rom: https://www.arthritis.org/about-arthritis/types/osteoarthritis/what-is-osteoarthritis.php (last accessed 28.5.2019)</ref>

...e, duration, volume, context), there is no standardised [[Outcome Measures|outcome measure]] for physical activity, hence, the choice of assessment/proxy meas == Measures ==

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] [[File:Right-femoral-stress-fracture.png|thumb|Bone scan]]

The causes of sciatica can be categorised into spinal or non-spinal causes or iatrogenic<ref name=":10" />: ...Sciatica produced by a sacral perineurial cyst. Tex Med. 1987 Mar;83(3):55-6.</ref>

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Helene Simpson]<br> == Definition of Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) ==

...s in each foot. These long thin bones are located between the toes and the ankle (between the tarsal bones in the hindfoot and the phalanges in the forefoot ...with fibers between C2 and M2, just as crossed fibers between C3-M2 and C2-M3<ref name=":0" />.''<u><br></u>''

...[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3987160/ The fabella syndrome-a rare cause of posterolateral knee pain: a review of the literature and two ...rome has been identified as an uncommon, but relevant, a cause of pain post-TKA<ref>Eriko Okano, Tomokazu Yoshioka, Takaji Yanai, et al., [https://www.h

...ly considered the chronic counterpart to [[Guillain-Barre Syndrome|Guillain-Barré syndrome]] (GBS). About 16% of the patients present with acute GBS. ...4</ref> <ref name=":1">Latov N. Diagnosis of CIDP. Neurology. 2002;59(6):S2-S6.</ref><ref name=":12">Gogia B, Rai PK. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...from: <nowiki>https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/sprained-ankle/</nowiki> (accessed 22/12/2022)</ref>.

...logic interventions for HIV-neuropathy pain. A systematic review and a meta-analysis.] Medicina. 2019 Nov 28;55(12):762.</ref> ...0291?via%3Dihub HIV peripheral neuropathy.] Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;115:515-29.</ref>

...Brussel_Evidence-based_Practice_Project Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project] ...e Achilles tendon rupture.] Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery. 2020 Mar;12(1):1-8.</ref>

...ical Rehabilitation. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company, 2014. P772, 786, 804-805.</ref>. The case study documents the rehabilitation process from initial John East, a 52-year-old Caucasian male, was referred to physiotherapy for evaluation of weakness

...rebral-palsy/severity-of-cerebral-palsy/gross-motor-function-classification-system/</nowiki> (accessed 10 May 2020).</ref>. ...ith CP experience a decline in walking ability and function despite that 70-80% walk independently or with gait aids. Maintenance of walking ability is

...oscillatory manual force may be applied to the tibiofemoral, proximal tibio-fibular, or patellofemoral joints, in a variety of directions and positions .../607722244 Maitland’s peripheral manipulation.] 4th ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2005.</ref>

...ot models and their use in clinical populations. Gait & Posture. 2019;69:50-9.</ref> ...inical practice and complicates the [[Biomechanical Assessment of Foot and Ankle|assessment]] and management process. It is important to not just understand

...tient is motivated to slow the progression of the disease and based on the outcome measure scores it is evident that the patient is able to maintain, if not i ...d 2022May12]. Available from: https://pharnext.com/en/disease/charcot-marie-tooth </ref>|border]]

...ound healing. Pt seen by physiotherapist in the acute post-surgical and pre-prosthetic phases in an acute inpatient setting. Patient initially the denia *Co-morbidities: diabetes type 2, spinal stenosis, IV drug user, smoker


...Lauren Jones, Gina Pottkotter, and MegAnne Punt from the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems Bellarmine University *<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">66 year old male, named Bert&nbsp;</span>

...e Sclerosis Society. [https://www.nationalmssociety.org/What-is-MS/Who-Gets-MS#:~:text=MS%20is%20not%20an%20inherited,is%20about%201%20in%20333. Who get ...andomized controlled trial]. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2016 Mar;22(3):373-84</ref>.

...SK. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6683687/ Predictors and outcome of fragility hip fracture: a prospective study from North India]. Indian Jo ...fracture Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/neck-of-femur-fracture-1?lang=us (accessed 9.12.2022)</ref>

...al Editor '''- [[User:User Name|Kim Jackson]] as part of [http://www.physio-pedia.com/ICRC_Cerebral_Palsy_Content_Development_Project#Articles_to_be_Dev ...the evidence. Developmental medicine & child neurology. 2013 Oct;55(10):885-910.</ref>. Knowledge of cerebral palsy and experience of managing neurologi

...Peters]], [[User:Gillian Plummer|Gillian Plummer]] and [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Erynne_Rowe Erynne Rowe] as part of [[Queen's University Neur ...physio-pedia.com/User:Gillian_Plummer Gillian Plummer], [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Erynne_Rowe Erynne Rowe]

[[File:Talipes-equinovarus-Picture.jpg|thumb]] ...ic clubfoot]. Clinical orthopaedics and related research. 2002 Aug 1;401:39-48.</ref>. The foot affected by clubfoot is shorter, and the calf circumfer

[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/EXCISION-OF-THE-GANGLION-CYST-Camasta/67d2f2944bbe3a87f570fcf41ff1d4e92cc92467 EXCISION OF THE GANGLION CY ...e from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/EXCISION-OF-THE-GANGLION-CYST-Camasta/67d2f2944bbe3a87f570fcf41ff1d4e92cc92467 (last accessed 11.10.2019)

...physiotherapy management. This case spans from initial assessment to the 12-week follow up and discharge. ...ntation:''' This fictional case study focuses on Geraldine Smith, a 35-year-old woman whose diagnosis recently changed from SPMS active without progress

...om: https://www.podiatrytoday.com/keys-recognizing-and-treating-limb-length-discrepancy Last accessed 12.11.2019)</ref> ...shortening of one lower limb between the trochanter femoral major and the ankle mortise. Congenital conditions include mild developmental abnormalities fou

...font-size: 13.2799997329712px;">Katy Wiggins from </span>[http://www.physio-pedia.com/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems Bellarmine University ...American Family Physician [serial online]. March 2002;65(5):907-907-12, 777-80, 2p passim. Available from: CINAHL, Ipswich, MA. Accessed March 25, 2015.

...ies. In G. Bentley (Ed.), European Instructional Lectures (Vol. 14, pp. 191-200): Springer Berlin Heidelberg.</ref> ...opathy: a clinical and cellular investigation. Am J Sports Med, 36(6), 1160-1163. doi: 10.1177/0363546508314423</ref>

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/damien-howell/ Damien Howell]<br> ...bate]. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2019 Jun;49(6):425-36.</ref> </blockquote>

...ence. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29678-2_279. </ref> ...not able to easily move to perform an activity like the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Star_Excursion_Balance_Test star excursion balance test]. When pat

'''Original Editor ''' -[https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Yuka_Abe Yuka Abe,] ...m|Courtney Lim]], [[User:Jocelyn Chung|Jocelyn Chung]], [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Naiya_Patel Naiya Patel], [[User:Sydney Trinh|Sydney Trinh]]

...llow us to create individual, patient-centred goals and ultimately a tailor-made treatment plan based on the client's needs. *Results of Specific Investigations ([[X-Rays|X-ray]]<nowiki/>s, [[CT Scans]], [[Blood Tests]].....etc

...f motion (ROM) and strength, as well as improved scores on the [[Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale]] (ABC scale), [[Rivermead Mobility Index| ...drome: evidence for a progressive disorder. BMC neurology. 2019 Dec;19(1):1-8.</ref>

...on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/melanie-skeen-harding/ Melanie Harding] ...name=":0" /> The assessment should be ongoing so that clinicians can tailor-make treatment plans based on observed changes in the patient's function and

...thur Szydlowski], [[User:George Taouil|George Taouil]], [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Sam_Grossman Sam Grossman], [[User:David Snyder|David Snyder] ...ce in acute care is discussed briefly and his sub-acute [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Introduction_to_Rehabilitation rehabilitation] is explored more th

...ulosis]] or [[Rheumatoid Arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]].<ref name="p5">Yu-Chih H, et al. Endoscopic treatment of prepatellar bursitis. Int Orthop 2011 ...ar bursitis: diagnosis and treatment. West Journal Medecine, 1988; 149: 607-610.</ref>^&nbsp;<ref name="p5" /><br>

...old female living with Cerebral Palsy (CP). The purpose is to identify out-patient musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation in adults living wit ...e risk for damage<ref name=":1" />. The prevalence of CP is approximately 2-3 individuals per every 1000, most affecting children but continues into adu

...ar fascia plays an important role in the normal [[Biomechanics of Foot and Ankle|biomechanics]] of the [[Foot Anatomy|foot]]. ...reasingly used to refer to this condition<ref>Rhim HC, Kwon J, Park J, Borg-Stein J, Tenforde AS. [https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/life11121287 A S

...wska]] based on course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/rina-pandya/ Rina Pandya]<br> ...derstanding spine–hip interaction]. EFORT Open Reviews. 2020 Sep 7;5(9):522-33.</ref> The timing and activation of dynamic stabilisers are the most impo

...of muscles, joints, and soft tissues to move through an unrestricted, pain-free range of motion. It involves the capacity of these structures to stretc ...of stretching, especially when combined with activity, can lead to fatigue-induced soft tissue shortening over time.<ref>UC Davis health [https://healt

...le Sclerosis (PPMS)]]. Additionally, we investigated and applied a research-based treatment approach while integrating the role of technology in rehabil ...ase study focuses on Michelle White, a 47year old female who is a work-from-home accountant who recently progressed from active PPMS without progression

...luloskeletal Care. Section 6, Knee and Lower leg - popliteal cyst: 2001:397-398 </ref> ...'Knee'' Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2006'';'' ''14''(7): 623-628. </ref>

...Training. Available at - https://msktc.org/sci/factsheets/Gait-Training-and-SCI</ref> ...he suspected level of impairment. Key muscle strength is scored using the 6-point ordinal scale commonly used for manual muscle testing.<ref name=":5" /

...nd neurological rehabilitation. Lancet Neurol. [Review]. 2011 Sep;10(9):844-52</ref>. The two most commonly used classifications of gait are: ...egia in children and young adults. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1987 Mar;69(3):437-41</ref>. They categorised hemiplegic gait patterns into four types based on

...18;7(1):13.</ref> during the late ambulatory stage progressing to early non-ambulatory phase is presented. The purpose of the case study is to provide t ...tory training and education about orthotics. As the patient entered the non-ambulatory stage of the disease there was a loss of ambulation and function.

...es of low back pain]] have been ruled out, individuals are said to have non-specific (or simple or mechanical) back pain. ...he source of low back pain.] European Spine Journal. 2007 Oct 1;16(10):1539-50.</ref>

...e=":2">Fanelli GC, editor. [https://books.google.co.za/books?hl=en&lr=&id=P-mC34cvBmwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=The+multiple+ligament+injured+knee:+A+practical+ [[File:Ligaments-of-the-knee.jpg|thumb|300x300px|center]]

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...www.physioadvisor.com.au/10426550/adductor-tendonitis-adductor-tendinopathy-phys.htmfckLRfckLRfckLRfckLR </ref>

...ther Duque]], [[User:Caray Ford|Caray Ford]], [[User:Kayte-Lynn Kowal|Kayte-Lynn Kowal]] and [[User:Katie McLeod|Katie McLeod]] as part of the [[Queen's ...or a four year old child diagnosed with CP. It will also highlight outcome measures that were used to determine a baseline and monitor treatment progress for a

...s]] independently and safely. [[Falls]] are a common concern for community-dwelling persons with stroke<ref name=":0" />. * Good rehabilitation outcome seems to be strongly associated with high degree of motivation, and engagem

...come measures.  The outcome measures used included UEFS, FSMC, MSIS-29, six-minute walk test, and the nine hole peg test, which were reassessed 8 weeks ...ty.org/NationalMSSociety/media/MSNationalFiles/Brochures/Book-MS-A-Focus-on-Rehabilitation.pdf</nowiki> (Accessed 21/05/2020).</ref>. The complex natur

...hnson]] and [[User:Kasi Lessley|Kasie Lessley]] from the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems Bellarmine University ...Management of Crohn's Disease in Adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009; 104: 465-483. doi:10.1038/ajg.208.168</ref>

...on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/maha-tayseer-mohammad/ Maha Tayseer Mohammad]<br> == Plasticity-Based Approach ==

...re-to-post intervention. This indicates positive balance outcomes from a 10-week proprioceptive and resistance training protocol in individuals with Par ...rapist could go about diagnosing and treating this condition in an evidence-based manner. The American Academy of Neurology believes that both pharmacol

# Anterior dislocation (~10%). Caused by combined forces of : hyper-abduction with the extension.<ref name=":6" /> ...dislocation Hip dislocation] Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/hip-dislocation (accessed 7.1.2023)</ref>

<u>Demographics: </u>
My patient is a 77-year-old female retired schoolteacher who lives alone in her own home that has be <u>Medical Diagnosis and Comorbidities
</u>: She has undergone a left trans-tibial amputation as a result of peripheral vascular disease. She also has h

...'' - [[User:Naomi O'Reilly|Naomi O'Reilly]] and [http://relabhs.org/ ReLAB-HS] ...national Society for Prosthetics and Orthotics. [https://www.ispoint.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/ispo_standards_nov2018_sprea.pdf ISPO Education Stan

...ps://www.vox.com/2016/8/8/12404556/rio-olympics-2016-cupping-michael-phelps-evidence Michael Phelps using cups]]] ...ute outcomes of myofascial decompression (cupping therapy) compared to self-myofascial release on hamstring pathology after a single treatment.] Int J S

[[File:AFO-Swedish-Leaf-Side-Shoe.jpg|right|frameless|204x204px]] ...eat effect on the new range of improved designs of orthoses to improve the outcome for the benefit of the patient. <br>In 1994 during the consensus conference

...roject|Queen's University Neuromotor Function Project - Physiopedia (physio-pedia.com)]] ...rder. Mr. J and the physical therapy team worked together to create patient-centered goals to guide his treatment plan. Interventions included: diaphrag

...ation). <ref name=":0">Chaurasia BD. [https://www.pdfdrive.com/bd-chaurasia-books.html Human Anatomy - Lower Limb, Abdomen and Pelvis]. Vol 2. CBS Publi ...rior views) image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/study/anatomy-knee-joint</ref>

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/damien-howell/ Damien Howell]<br> ...verse effects of physical activity promotion. ''Br J Sports Med, 49''(1), 1-2.</ref>

...alth (ICF)]] framework to address the pathology of the disease in a patient-specific manner. ...sia, Central and South America<ref>Ravikumar S, Poysophon P, Poblete R, Kim-Tenser M. [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2016.00063/ful

...ewis">Lewis CL, Sahrmann SA. Acetabular Labral Tears. Phys Ther 2006;86:110-121.</ref> ...<ref>O’Leary JA, Berend K, Vail TP. The relationship between diagnosis and outcome in arthroscopy of the hip. Arthroscopy 2001;17:181–188.</ref><ref name="B

...ing) and walking (5 items)<ref name=":0" />. The 15 items are scored on a 7-point scale (1 through 7, complete dependence to independent, respectively). ...bulation status in individuals with stroke. Physiother Can Summer 1999; 168-174. </ref>.

...Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) heel knee shin test, finger to nose test and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) ...current knowledge and future outlook]. European neurology. 2014;72(3-4):132-41.</ref>. This injury to the central nervous system causes white matter les

...based on a course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/bernice-saban/ Bernice Saban]<br> ...velopment of plantar heel pain in athletes]. The foot. 2001 Sep 1;11(3):119-25.

Mary is a 35-year-old Aboriginal woman who underwent R TTA for a large severe diabetic foot ul Mary is a 35-year-old Aboriginal woman. Mary is unemployed and is currently receiving a disabi

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Helene Simpson] ...nt study in ambulatory care. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2004 May-Jun;94(3):293-304. </ref> which is significant as these conditions are associated with fra

...ability of elite level athletes from individual vs. team and contact vs. no-contact sports. PeerJ. 2019 May 22;7:e6940.</ref> ...skills. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity 2008;3:1-23.</ref>. <br>

...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/ian-gatt/ Ian Gatt] ...w. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2021 Feb;31(2):246-64.</ref>

...Physical Rehabilitation, 5th ed. F.A. Davis Company. Philadelphia. 2007:853-883.</ref>. This case will discuss Parkinson's and how to address symptoms w ...g, yard work, grocery shopping and cooking. He also walked an estimated one-mile around his pool every morning, while dropping sticks into target areas.

'''Dentato-Thalamo-Cortical''' ...ct which connects the lateral cerebellum to the contralateral motor and non-motor areas of the cerebrum, such as the primary motor cortex, premotor cort

...oaches to assessment, outcome planning, and treatment/intervention in an in-patient rehabilitation setting. ...most commonly starts in the legs or back. Diagnosis is clinical and symptom-based, and can be supported by additional investigations such as cerebrospin

...the individual clinician. The ability of the clinician to thoughtfully self-reflect and merge the presented data with published literature strengthens t ...ternal clinical evidence from systematic research.<ref>Sackett DL. Evidence-based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingst

...ollowing a 6-week intensive task-oriented rehab program involving the above-mentioned interventions, the patient was able to return home independently, ...;96(8):1458-1466. [https://www.archives-pmr.org/article/S0003-9993(15)00293-2/abstract]</ref>.

...in chronic conditions such as cerebral palsy, and the changes that exercise-based interventions can have for an adult who is deteriorating due to this c ...Cerebral Palsy. Archive of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitaiton, (94), 401-407. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=recumbent+cross+training+is+

...differential diagnosis and management. Manual therapy. 2008 Apr 1;13(2):103-11.</ref> * [https://physio-pedia.com/Calcaneal_Fractures Calcaneal stress fracture]

...''- [[User:Maarten Abeel|Maarten Abeel]] as part of&nbsp;[http://www.physio-pedia.com/ICRC_Cerebral_Palsy_Content_Development_Project#Articles_to_be_dev ...he evidence]. Developmental medicine & child neurology. 2013 Oct;55(10):885-910.</ref>. Therapeutic interventions aim at motivating movement and develop

...rison of Argentine Tango and American Ballroom. J Rehabil Med. 2009;41: 475-481.</ref>. A dance intervention was implemented along with traditional phys ...nts<ref name=":4" />. Maintenance was observed in the TUG cognitive. These outcome improvements were meaningful as they helped with maintenance of symptoms, i

...ded disc material. It is most commonly localized in the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Cervical_Myelopathy cervical] spine but it can also occur in the [ ...cales used to quantify severity of cervical spondylotic meylopathy and post-operative improvement. J Outcume Meas, 2001. </ref>

...dependence, with each being objectively measured using appropriate outcome measures. ...f> About 70-80% of patients develop ALS in the limbs initially, however, 25-30% of ALS cases include bulbar symptoms such as problems with mastication,

...vities. The patient will come for treatment on a regular basis and outcome measures will be reassessed as appropriate. As the patient progresses, future appoin ...library.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1399-0004.1974.tb00638.x doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1974.tb00638.x]</ref> Scientists still don’t understand the exact imp

...ssue damage, with or without fractures, with deteriorating renal and cardio-respiratory function, and sepsis. In both cases, whether conflict or disaste ...al amputation]. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2018 Jul 1;18:1084-91.</ref>

...//hopes.stanford.edu/the-basic-neurobiology-of-huntingtons-disease-text-and-audio/</nowiki></ref>]] ...Neuropathology of Huntington's Disease. Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2015;22:33-80. doi: 10.1007/7854_2014_354.</ref>. This leads to an excessive amount of

...mprovement that indicates a lower risk of falling. Outcome measures of mini-BEST and dynamic gait index demonstrated no significant changes after interv ...2022May10]. Available from: https://sci-hub.se/10.1111/jnc.13691</ref>. Non-motor symptoms include impaired memory, planning, mood (anxiety and depressi

...A Systematic Review. ''J Hand Ther''. 2019 Aug 31. pii: S0894-1130(19)30094-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jht.2019.06.002. </ref> The feedback from all these diffe Proprioception itself can be understood as including various sub-modalities:

...d clinical trial]. British journal of sports medicine. 2021 May 1;55(9):501-9.</ref>. ...n in elite male volleyball players.] Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019;29(7):992-9. </ref>

...ter DR Jr. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9144471/pdf/jpm-12-00808.pdf Spasticity Management after Spinal Cord Injury: The Here and Now.] ...ated) and neural (or central nervous system-related) contributions to hyper-resistance:

...Contributors''' - Arno De Winne, Margaux Reynders,&nbsp;[http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Julie_Lhost Julie Lhost],&nbsp;{{Special:Contributors/{{FULLP ...back pain: a case–control study”, European Spine Journal, 2009, 18.7: 1066-1073. (level of evidence: 3B)</ref>

...ttps://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/all-disorders/fahrs-syndrome-information-page ...sent at any age, but is typically first diagnosed in individuals between 40-60 years old<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4

...25.</ref>, or a direct blow to the anteromedial knee.&nbsp;<ref name="Young-Bok" /> A rotary instability often occurs with concomitant ligamentous injur ...PEDICS 2008 Jul;31(7):725]. Orthopedics [serial online]. May 2008;31(5):479-490. Available from: CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Ipswich, MA. Accessed July

..., the patient had met all her treatment goals and continued to work on self-management of her MG. ...eet</nowiki> (accessed 9 May 2020). </ref>. It is a rare, but chronic, auto-immune disease that is said to affect approximately 1 in 5000 Americans of v

...., Lagergren, J., Andersson, G., Strömblad, L. and Westbom, L. (2008). Long-term outcomes five years after selective dorsal rhizotomy. BMC Pediatrics, 8 ...-first-private-hospital-in-the-uk-to-perform-the-selective-dorsal-rhizotomy-procedure/</nowiki> [Accessed 22 May 2018].</ref>.

...essed 25.10.2020)</ref> For those who do develop a DVT and survive, '''post-thrombotic phlebitis''' is a lifelong sequela, which has no ideal treatment< * 2.5-5% of the population is affected

| Spastic Co-Contractions ...or standing postures. In an individual with spasticity, there is a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone to passive movement<ref>Bhimani R, Anderso

...7/107110079201300810 Achilles tendinitis]. Foot & ankle. 1992 Oct;13(8):482-7. </ref><ref name=":7" /> ...osaminoglycans Available: https://www.verywellhealth.com/glycosaminoglycans-5092414 (accessed 11.6.2022)</ref>&nbsp;

...lift-off and land with weight shifted posteriorly compared with healthy age-matched controls <ref name="mcvey">McVey MA, Stylianou AP, Luchies CW, et al ...onally, fear of falling has psychological consequences and can lead to self-isolation and depression.<ref>Bloem BR, Hausdorff JM, Visser JE, Giladi N. F

'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Rachael Walton-Mouw|Rachael Walton-Mouw]] as part of the [[World Physiotherapy Network for Amputee Rehabilitati ...cy of having a single chronic diseases; and subsequently, an increase in co-morbidities effecting the health and function after an amputation.<ref name=

...ased on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/merike-hopkins/ Merike Hopkins] ...overload stress in running as a sport. Der Orthopade. 2005 May 1;34(5):399-404.</ref>

[[File: Ballet dancer-en pointe.jpg|thumb|Ballet Dancer-En Pointe Position.]] ...non-dancers]. Medical problems of performing artists. 2015 Sep 1;30(3):152-6.</ref>

...impact. They can range in severity from relatively benign injuries to life-threatening, unstable fractures. ...Russel">Russel G. V. Et al, [https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1247913-overview Pelvic Fractures,] medscape, January 2016. Accessed 26 May 2022</re

...hysician to be assessed to improve balance following a fall that occurred 6-months prior causing her to require hip surgery. This fracture could have be ...tand_Test 30-second sit to stand test (30CST)], and the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Six_Minute_Walk_Test_/_6_Minute_Walk_Test 6 minute walking test (6

...-based physiotherapists will play a key role in the rehabilitation of COVID-19 survivors following hospital discharge. == The Role of the Community-Based Physiotherapist ==

...2-weeks, it was found that the TUG score, BERG balance scale score, and PSP-QoL scores all slightly improved since the initial assessment. ...w.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/progressive-supranuclear-palsy-psp</nowiki>

...[[ataxia]] and the findings and challenges that may arise. Sam is a 30-year-old retail worker who suffered cerebellar damage following a motor vehicle a ...Disorders: Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society. 1992;7(2):95-109. doi:10.1002/mds.870070202</ref>.

...humeral fractures in adults]. Journal of Hand Therapy. 2017 Apr 1;30(2):158-66.</ref> [[File:X-ray of fracture of proximal humerus.jpeg|center|thumb]]

...measures, and walking endurance. However, his balance scores decreased post-intervention, putting him at increased risk of falls. Throughout Mr. Parker' ...ion. J Neurol Sci. 2001 Apr;185(2):95-100. doi: 10.1016/s0022-510x(01)00469-5.

[[File:Stroke-deaths-by-age.png|thumb|424x424px|Stroke-deaths-by-age]] ...send N, Wickramasinghe K, Bhatnagar P, Smolina K, Nichols M, Leal J, Luengo-Fernandez R, Rayner M (2012). Coronary heart disease statistics 2012 edition

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...symptoms can vary among individuals, so the following assessment, outcome measures, and treatment plan may not be appropriate for all individuals diagnosed wi ....12599 </ref>. Individuals with MG have decreased acetylcholine and voltage-gated sodium channels due to damage of their postsynaptic membranes<ref name

...tps://oarsi.org/sites/oarsi/files/images/2020/oarsi-20-final-oa-infographic-_revised_copyright.pdf (last accessed 13 May 2024).</ref> Conservative manag ...arzi-Puttini P, Zis P, Rinonapoli G, Varrassi G. [https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/20/6013 Osteoarthritis: new insight on its pathophysiology]. J Clin

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]. ...dicina Oral, Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 2009, vol. 14, num. 10, p. 494-498. 2009 Oct 1.</ref>.

...Braun J., Sieper J., Spondyloarthritides., Z Rheumatol. 2010 Jul; 69(5):425-32 :4: 2C</ref><ref name="p3" /> It is a diverse group of inflammatory arthr ...articular peripheral arthritis, principally in genetically predisposed (HLA-B27+) individuals.

...es be difficult because the main symptom of non-specific anterior or antero-medial knee pain can point to various knee disorders. But if a plica has bee ...structure and size; they can be fibrous or fatty, longitudinal or crescent-shaped<ref name=":1" />.<br>

...onditions/?gclid=CjwKEAjwpYeqBRDOwq2DrLCB-UcSJAASIYLjj2w3LQ3hI43XFhdWOw7wXT-6OFurebTSskU9ckZCdhoCZwfw_wcB (Accessed 28 April 2009)</ref>. ...myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) mutation in Finland.vol. 19, no. 7 pp. 776-82 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21364698</ref>

...r the management of PD, as well as longitudinal studies to observe the long-term effects of physiotherapy interventions. ...’s disease: prevalence, diagnosis and impact. Health Reports 2014;25(11):10-14.</ref> Parkinson's is the most common disorder of its type after Alzheime

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/dana-mather/ Dana Mather]<br> ...on of children with cerebral palsy]. Indian J Orthop. 2019 Jan-Feb;53(1):35-44. </ref> Cerebral palsy can also lead to a number of secondary musculoskel

...red-man-using-virtual-reality-headset-training-with-stretching-elastic-belt-min.jpg|right|frameless|500x500px|alt=]] .../en/healthy-living/fitness/fitness-basics/aha-recs-for-physical-activity-in-adults merican Heart Association recommendations for physical activity in ad

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...ddle, and posterior, with the posterior facet representing the major weight-bearing surface) which articulate with talus forming talocalcaneal joint (su ...alcaneus: a review with emphasis on CT.] Radiographics. 2005 Sep;25(5):1215-26.</ref>These anatomic landmarks are important because fractures associated

...s Albaugh|Thomas Albaugh]] as part of the [[Texas State University Evidence-based Practice Project]] ...widened medial-lateral gap between the two carpal bones.<ref name="Wheeless-SI" />

...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/ian-gatt/ Ian Gatt] ...l Therapy, Bern.] British journal of sports medicine. 2016 Jul 1;50(14):853-64.</ref>

...kit project created by the BC (British Columbia) Physical Therapy Knowledge-Broker facilitated project team. The evidence below has been modified for P ...ent and monitoring of external and internal loads is vital to a successful outcome and return to function.

...us to develop individualised, patient-centred goals and ultimately a tailor-made treatment plan for the individual. ...itation Management in Clinical Practice. Eur J Phys Rehabil. 2008;44(3):329-42.</ref>

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...slijtage, http://www.knie-slijtage.nl/knie-aandoeningen/meniscus/wat-is-een-meniscusscheur, geraadpleegd on 26 November 2011 ( level of evidence: no ref ...ions in Copenhagen 1982-84.Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica. 1990; 61(5): 435-437.</ref>

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...mined in collaboration with Mr. L to focus on achieving short-term and long-term goals based on his chief concerns and treatment expectations. Intervent ...multiple system atrophy.] European Journal of Neurology. 2002 May;9(3):195-9.</ref>

[[File:Balance-board-benefits.jpg|right|frameless]] # bio-mechanical constraints

...ents under 55 years of age]. The bone & joint journal. 2016 Dec;98(12):1625-34.</ref> ...lasty (TKA). Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1250275-overview#:~:text=The%20primary%20indication%20for%20total,pain%20caused%20by

...oses of education, a fictitious case study has been created involving an 18-year old university student Breydon King, who was diagnosed with DMD at the ...dystrophin gene.<ref name=":1">https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70271-6</ref> The mutation causes a defect in the synthesis of the protein dystrop

...n Southern]. Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita. 2017 Jun 7;53(2):142-5.</ref> This is often observed with the medial arch of the foot coming clo ...ly have flatter feet?]. Journal of foot and ankle research. 2015 Dec;8(1):1-7.</ref>

...dn't these be called Labral "Fissures" Instead? Acad Radiol. 2018;25(3):387-390. ...ur-head-caput-femoris-greater-trochanter-lesser-minor-major-ilum-front-skin-names.png|thumb|center|Image courtesy of http://www.anatomystockimages.com]]

...rength can be used in numerous situations to evaluate and track many health-related conditions, as further discussed below. Grip strength weakens as we age, which eventually begins to affect day-to-day activities, such as opening jars, carrying groceries, and turning doorkn

...proved from 68 upon rehabilitation to 106 when she was discharged to a home-rehabilitation program. ...s to explore the rehabilitation of an elderly woman with an acute TBI, post-surgical intervention.

...m the patient’s initial physiotherapy assessment, and additional findings 6-weeks after beginning physiotherapy treatment. Moreover, potential physiothe ...ciation. What is ALS?. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDpN-6EAd3k [last accessed 5/10/2021]</ref>

...ures within a period of months at this time, leading him to change his anti-seizure medication from valproic acid to lacosamide, a newer drug. This swit ...tps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40263-018-0523-7 A Review in Focal-Onset Seizures in Patients with Epilepsy]. CNS Drugs. 2018 May;32(5):473–8

'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Karen_Wilson Karen Wilson] [[File:Kirill-4SUV4Hc0IEA-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless]]

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/dana-palmer/ Dana Palmer]<br> *For larger areas, you can narrow it down by region such as the distal one-third of the medial lower leg, five centimetres proximal to the medial malle

...vements in the patient's [[Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Rating Scale (PSP-RS)]] score, [[Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)|Timed Up and Go (TUG) score]], and ...al [[Parkinson's|parkinsonian syndrome]], or otherwise known as a Parkinson-plus disorder<ref name=":0">Agarwal S, Gilbert R. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.

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...sound gait analysis. This will largely be observational. Validated outcome measures are available to aid goal setting and measure function. ...ation programme, which includes the correction of the deviations. Outcomes measures can be used to monitor progress<ref name="AUSTPAR" />.

...ing drawn to this sport with a parallel increase in the occurrence of sport-related injuries on both the natural rock and artificial walls. It emphasize ...ents, and prevention is important to diagnose, manage, and counsel the rock-climbing athlete.

...and more. Healthline. <nowiki>https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-stretching#benefits</nowiki></ref> ...ttps://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/stretching/art-20047931 (last accessed 1.6.2019)</ref>

...aring a similar underlying autoimmune abnormality, as a group known as anti-GQ1b IgG antibody syndrome. ...5.9.2022)</ref>{{#ev:youtube|watch?v=rYNAzJqJKd8|200}}<ref>Osmosis Guillain-Barre Syndrome - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology

...hnique and should only be performed after demonstrating competency after in-person mentorship.'' [[File:Spinal-cord-injury-symptoms.png|thumb|518x518px]]

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...rthrography, and CT arthrography]. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1994 Sep;163(3):629-36. doi: 10.2214/ajr.163.3.8079858. </ref>

'''''Case Description:''''' The patient was a 34-year-old African American male with acute onset NMO with a unique presentation th ...eceived rehabilitation according to his physical impairments. During his 16-day stay, the patient received a total of 2345 minutes of rehabilitation inv

...ia R.K. et al., Spondyloarthropathies. Am Fam Physician, 2004, 69 (12):2853-2860 Level of Evidence 5</ref>&nbsp;Level 5 ...rrelation with Anatomy and Histology. Fortschr Röntgenstr, 2014, 186:3, 230-237 Level of Evidence 1B</ref>Level 1B

...rk meta-analysis.] British journal of sports medicine. 2021 Apr 1;55(7):369-77.</ref> ...one Infiltrations on Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Chondromalacia: A Non-Randomized Parallel Controlled Trial. Diversity & Equality in Health and Car

...training, rigidity management, gait training and balance training. The LSVT-BIG intervention was also introduced. ..., Ken had improvements in his BBS, Mini-BESTest, TUG, Romberg Test, and MDS-UPDRS scores. Improvements were also noted in Ken’s gait. Ken was able to

...ld allow us toindividualised, patient-centred goals and ultimately a tailor-made treatment plan for the individual. ...ciplinary Team in England, 2013, Disability and Rehabilitation, 35:22, 1921-1925</ref> identified that the International Classification of Functioning,

[[File:Inspired-horizons-digital-marketing-3eqaaqdL IM-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless|350x350px]] ...ercise.] Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2011 Jul 1;43(7):1334-59.</ref>.

...tors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}</div>This fictional case study is produced by first-year physiotherapy students at [https://rehab.queensu.ca/ Queens’ Universi ...were highlighted including to a neurologist, occupational therapist, speech-language pathologist, social worker/ therapist, as well as community care an

...nts with non-specific chronic low back pain. Manual Therapy. 2010;15(3):240-247.</ref>.'''<u></u>''' ...f back pain used</span><ref name="Jones and Macfarlane" /><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">.</span>

...over). Due to the advances in emergency medicine, intensive care and neuro-rehabilitation we are also witnessing the increase in the population of peop ...raumatic brain injury in a two-way relationship:  [[File:Screenshot 2019-10-24 at 12.09.31.png|thumb]]

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...6dW_CMkDSJ7g2Cq9HrJrQijXiv9wOUmQMxXi0VgyT9-VKIc5SsYIxGg The use of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of greater trochanteric pain syndrome: a system

...College of Sports Medicine. Med Sci '''Sports''' Exerc. 2009. 41 (7): 1510-1530. Available from https://www.bewegenismedicijn.nl/files/downloads/acsm_p ...falls]] rates<ref name=":7">Baker MK, Atlantis A, Fiatarone Singh MA. Multi-modal exercise programs for older adults. Age Ageing. 2007. Volume 36 (4):

...hocks, burning, tingling, etc. Lumbar radiculopathy affects approximately 3-5% of the population. Males are more likely to experience lumbar radiculopat ...therapy, exercise) and pharmacological management (e.g. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and oral steroids). Often, a combination of inte

...sio-pedia.com/User:Sebastian_Wozniak Sebastian Wozniak], [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Eric_Palmer_Beech Eric Beech]&nbsp; .../Market-Reports/exoskeleton-market-40697797.html?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI0sb4vu_6-AIVuY1oCR0KRguCEAAYASAAEgJQu_D_BwE [accessed 15/07/2022]</ref>.

...ities, eg. respiratory care, orthopaedic and trauma protocols, behaviour de-escalation techniques, communication strategies, equipment provision, etc. * Sit-to-stand sequence practice (of various height surfaces, with different level of

...nd speech language pathologist were noted in order to help manage the multi-faceted presentation of his disease beyond the scope of physical therapy. Th ...ay even develop symptoms in childhood (Juvenile HD)[1]. Individuals with 36-39 CAG repeats have reduced penetrance and may develop symptoms later in lif

...ndrome in asymptomatic individuals. ''J Med Pharm Allied Sci'', 10(6), 3894-3898.</ref>. ...Crossed Syndrome''. Physiopedia, [online]. Available at https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Lower_Crossed_Syndrome&oldid=323323 [Accessed: 18

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...troke patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Stroke. 2012 Aug;43(8):2168-74.</ref> ...the foot and ankle physical exam for telehealth]. HSS J. 2021 Feb;17(1):85-90. </ref> The assistance of IT professionals may be required in some cases.

...hat has linked loss of internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint with sub-acromial pathology such as impingement, tendinopathy and labral lesions. His Range of movement of the dominant and non-dominant arm were measured in a position of 90 degrees abduction in a standa

* Sub-acute low back pain: 7-12 weeks ...revention in low back pain.] Eur Spine J. 2006 Mar;15 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S136-68. </ref>

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{F ...ure]. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 1984 Jan 1;5(4):184-95.</ref>

...ased on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/dr-james-laskin// James Laskin]<br> ...ablement models are an important piece of evidence-based practice. Evidence-based practice entails clinician expertise, research evidence and patient pr

...ps://hi.org/sn_uploads/document/36199-Humanity--Inclusion-Clinical-Handbook-web_1.pdf Early rehabilitation in conflicts and disasters.] Handicap Interna ...to other sources of radiation. Radiation sources can include the sun and X-rays.

...e crucial. The development of such strategies is a major challenge for 21st-century medicine. ...stroke survivor. Stroke. 2014 Aug 1;45(8):2532-53.</ref>. The role of long-term physical activity in patients who have had a stroke in the prevention o

...Individuals with poor posture (Lewitt, 1980), scapular dyskinesis (Clifton-Smith & Rowley, 2011), low back pain (LBP) and neck pain have also been show ...pathology and non-specific breathing pattern disorders. Furthermore, a case-control study (Roussel et al, 2009) observing patients with chronic LBP foun

...tor functioning, [[posture]], and balance. <ref>Das SP, Ganesh GS. Evidence-based approach to physical therapy in cerebral palsy. Indian journal of orth ...main aim of Physiotherapy, as identified by [http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/19700.pdf Gunel (2011)], is to support the child with Cerebral Palsy to a

...and debilitating illness. The most common form of the disease is relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; however, several other forms exist.<ref name=" Multiple sclerosis (MS) involves an immune-mediated process in which an abnormal response of the body’s immune system

Image:Feedback-box.jpg|center|300px| ...e on safe mobilization of the patient in acute care settings. This decision-making guide is evidence informed and where there is insufficient evidence,

* thoracic pain of thoracic origin, thoracic hypo-mobility syndromes, * upper thoracic spinal syndromes, mid-thoracic and costovertebral disorders,

...:Harrison Chipchase|Harrison Chipchase]] as part of the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Nottingham_University_Spinal_Rehabilitation_Project| Nottingham Un ...wn as Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis) is a chronic inflammatory, sero-negative arthritic condition that typically affects the spine and the sacroi

...on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/melanie-skeen-harding/ Melanie Harding] ...le with spinal cord injuries]. Journal of physiotherapy. 2016 Jan 1;62(1):4-11.</ref> This course aims to introduce basic treatment ideas during various

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...ve lumbar spinal stenosis (update). The Spine Journal. 2013 Jul 1;13(7):734-43.</ref> ...rgical therapy. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine. 2002 Nov 1;69(11):909-17.</ref>

...ts and young athletes <ref name="Micheli and Wood 1995">El-Sayed A, Cervoni-Rosario B, Harrast MA. Lumbar spine. In: Krabak BJ, Brooks A, editors. The Y * Vaso-occlusive disease.

...Learning, Acting, and Building for Rehabilitation in Health Systems (ReLAB-HS) activity would like to thank the following people for their contribution ...eLAB-HS). The contents are the sole responsibility of Physiopedia and ReLAB-HS and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Go

...mitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ. 1999 Feb 20;318(7182):527-30.</ref> ...of research literature and clinical evidence - the main source for evidence-based care. <ref name="Open Clinical" />

...ilable from:https://www.wheelchairfoundation.org/fth/analysis-of-wheelchair-need/ (accessed 13 Junes 2022).</ref> ...among community-dwelling Canadians. Physical therapy. 2016 Aug 1;96(8):1135-42.</ref> Finally figures from the EU's Statistics Office Eurostatin suggest

...rs must be able to recognise these differences. This article explores multi-system characteristics, impairments, and interventions for children, adolesc ...living, and sport: a systematic review. J Occup Rehabil. 2005 Jun;15(2):253-72. </ref> The following questionnaires are recommended:<ref name=":1" />