...he [[trapezium]].<ref name=":1">Moore KL, Dalley AF. ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy.'' Fifth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 2006</ref> I
...ezoid bone (left hand) - Animation01.gif|center|thumb|Trapezoid bone (left hand)]]
2 KB (295 words) - 22:40, 29 August 2019
...i/File:Triangular_bone_(left_hand)_-_animation01.gif Triquetrum bone (left hand) animation]]]
...triquetrum is derived from the Latin word ''triquetrus'' which means "three-cornered". Sometimes it is also called triquetral bone, triangular bone or c
2 KB (264 words) - 22:40, 29 August 2019
...he hypothenar eminence.<ref name=":0">Jenkins DB. Hollinshead's Functional Anatomy of the Limbs and Back, 9th edition. Elsevier Health Services, 2008.</ref>
[[File:The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface..gif|thumb]]
2 KB (284 words) - 18:30, 6 November 2020
...escent moon.<ref name=":0">Gray H. ''[https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html Anatomy of the Human Body].'' Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918
...e:Lunate bone (left hand) - animation01.gif|center|thumb|Lunate bone (Left hand) - Animation]]
2 KB (347 words) - 14:01, 20 December 2022
...ngular bone.<ref name=":0">Gray H. ''[https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html Anatomy of the Human Body].'' Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918
...apezium bone (left hand) - Animation.gif|center|thumb|Trapezium Bone (left hand)]]
3 KB (456 words) - 22:40, 29 August 2019
...f the wrist.<ref name=":0">Gray H. ''[https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html Anatomy of the Human Body].'' Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918
...(left hand) - animation.gif|center|thumb|Scaphoid bone (animation) - Left hand]]
3 KB (420 words) - 20:05, 21 July 2022
...f the pisiform bone]. Journal of Hand and Microsurgery. 2018 Apr;10(01):037-40.</ref>. The pisiform can be found in the proximal row of carpal bones<ref
...rom: https://www.imaios.com/en/e-anatomy/anatomical-structure/pisiform-bone-1537019620</ref>. The lateral surface is rough and concave and the medial su
4 KB (595 words) - 16:54, 26 July 2023
...sic Muscles of the Hand Superficial sin.png|thumb|Intrinsic muscles of the hand]]
...f the [[Ulnar Nerve|ulnar nerve]], which stems from the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Brachial_plexus brachial plexus] (C8, T1 spinal nerves)
3 KB (518 words) - 10:26, 12 December 2020
[[Image:Dorsal interossei of the hand.png|border|right]]
...medial side. <ref name="Palastanga et al">Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and human movement. Structure and function. 5th ed. London: Butterworth Hei
4 KB (591 words) - 18:29, 12 November 2020
...Special Tests.] Home Health Care Management & Practice. 2011 Jun;23(3):218-20.</ref>.
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
4 KB (528 words) - 17:46, 3 November 2020
...') is the largest and most central carpal bone, that forms the [[Wrist and Hand|wrist]].
|[[File:Capitate hand.gif|none|thumb]]
3 KB (339 words) - 21:49, 26 February 2020
...and.png|alt=Flexor retinaculum of hand.png |thumb|'''Flexor retinaculum of hand''']]
...aurasia's Human Anatomy. CBS Publishers & Distributors PVt Ltd.; 2010. p112-13.</ref>.
3 KB (416 words) - 17:22, 10 October 2020
...seen in thumb movement.<ref>Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AW, Gray H. Gray's anatomy for Students 2nd edition. Philadelphia : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier,
It originates from the mid-third of the [[ulna]], and interosseous membrane
4 KB (581 words) - 00:44, 3 February 2024
The major function of the human [[Wrist and Hand|hand]] is to manipulate objects to accomplish a goal.
* The ability of a human hand to assure a myriad of position and to apply only the precise amount of pres
7 KB (964 words) - 09:59, 18 August 2022
...mek-Piotrowska W, Mazur M, Kuniewicz M, Bonczar T. Anatomy of Guyon's canal-a systematic review. Folia Medica Cracoviensia. 2014;54(2).</ref>
...ish RA. Clinical anatomy of the hand. Reumatologia clinica. 2012 Dec 1;8:25-32.</ref>
3 KB (426 words) - 12:22, 16 April 2024
...ngers at the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and [[Interphalangeal Joints of the Hand|interphalangeal]] (IP) joints, causing these fingers to remain extended whi
...Pope, might have had an ulnar neuropathy, which influenced the traditional hand blessing posture. However, this specific condition affects the ability to a
5 KB (650 words) - 11:34, 6 May 2024
...<ref>Acosta JR, Graefe SB, Varacallo M. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Adductor Pollicis [Internet]. Nih.gov. StatPearls Publishing; 2023 [cited 2
...aurasia's Human Anatomy. CBS Publishers & Distributors PVt Ltd.; 2010. p112-13.</ref>
4 KB (531 words) - 12:04, 19 March 2024
[[File:ECR-brevis.png|thumb|612x612px]]
...he prime dorsiflexor of the wrist.<ref name=":2">Walkowski AD, Goldman EM. Anatomy, shoulder and upper limb, forearm extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle. St
4 KB (497 words) - 23:07, 2 February 2024
...xtensor digitorum communis muscle spreads out into four (4) flat [[Tendon Anatomy|tendons]] deep to the extensor retinaculum to the medial four fingers....
...halangeal joints. <ref name=":0" /> It also acts to extend the [[Wrist and Hand|wrist]] joint.
3 KB (408 words) - 15:13, 18 December 2020
...nsor retinaculum of the wrist. Journal of Hand Surgery. 1984 Jul 1;9(4):495-501.</ref>
...extensor tendons in alignment and prevent bowstringing during [[Wrist and Hand Mobilisations|movements]].<ref name=":0" />
3 KB (340 words) - 16:02, 29 August 2023
...f>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Musculus_abductor_digiti_minimi_(Hand).png</ref>]]
...ailable at: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/abductor-digiti-minimi-muscle-hand (Accessed: April 23, 2023).</ref>. On occasion, an accessory abductor digit
4 KB (474 words) - 11:04, 23 April 2023
...ide of the wrist.<ref name=":0">Moore KL, Dalley AF. ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy.'' Fifth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 2006</ref> S
...n the medial side of the distal row of carpal bones. The hamate has a wedge-like shape with a distinct bony process called hook of hamate that extends f
4 KB (548 words) - 15:38, 18 May 2022
The innervation of this muscle is provided by the Median nerve(C6-C7).
...ng S, Ellis H, Healy J, Johnson D, Williams A, Collins P, Wigley C. Gray's anatomy: the anatomical basis of clinical practice. American journal of neuroradiol
4 KB (554 words) - 13:21, 24 February 2022
...three muscles forming the thenar em<nowiki/>inence.<ref>Cael C. Functional anatomy. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2011</ref
...Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and human movement. 4th ed. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2002.</ref>
3 KB (437 words) - 18:07, 9 October 2020
...and] Available from:https://teachmeanatomy.info/upper-limb/misc/structures-hand/ (accessed 18 March 2020)</ref>
== Anatomy ==
4 KB (541 words) - 07:00, 10 April 2022
...inence (little finger).Muscles make up the eminences on either side of the hand. The thenar eminence muscles are primarily responsible for controlling the
# The [[Abductor Digiti Minimi (Hand)|abductor digiti minimi]] muscle,
3 KB (500 words) - 15:58, 6 December 2021
...he Journal of Hand Surgery: British & European Volume. 1999 Oct 1;24(5):575-8.</ref> -
...unis|Extensor Digitorum]].<ref>Cael C. Functional anatomy: musculoskeletal anatomy, kinesiology, and palpation for manual therapists. Jones & Bartlett Learnin
4 KB (498 words) - 12:08, 25 October 2020
[[File:Ape Hand.jpg|thumb]]
...first metacarpal to swing over the palmar surface of the [[Wrist and Hand|hand]] so that the thumb and the tip of the little finger are in contact. The th
4 KB (522 words) - 16:39, 8 August 2023
...long bones<ref name=":0">Moore KL, Dalley AF, R. AAM. Clinically oriented anatomy. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2018.</ref>. Sesamoids
* In the hand at the head of the 1st metacarpal - one in the combined tendon of the [[Fle
3 KB (359 words) - 15:40, 3 July 2023
...f [[Palmaris Longus|palmaris longus]] <ref name=":1">Sinnatamby CS. Last's Anatomy, International Edition: Regional and Applied. Elsevier Health Sciences; 201
...e proximal phalanx. Digital vessels and tendons of the [[Lumbricals of the Hand|lumbricals]] pass through the intervals between these four slips. When the
3 KB (421 words) - 01:40, 16 December 2021
...chniques are listed below. For relevant hip anatomy, see [[Hip Anatomy|Hip Anatomy]]. Hip mobilizations may also be beneficial for individuals with hip osteoa
...sterior portion of the proximal femur on the involved side. The mobilizing hand imparts a glide directly perpendicular to the long axis of the femur. The f
5 KB (674 words) - 02:10, 12 June 2020
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
...aminer is placing his fingers of one hand near the apex and with the other hand near the base of the patella, while the fingers are used to alternate press
4 KB (650 words) - 09:00, 12 June 2021
[[File:1024px-1121 Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Deep LD.png|thumb]]
<ref>By CFCF - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44236045</ref>
1 KB (209 words) - 19:18, 16 February 2020
The ulnar nerve originates from C8-T1 nerve roots which form the medial cord of the [[Brachial Plexus|brachial
...m. It starts with muscular and cutaneous branches in the upper forearm and hand. After the ulnar nerve passes behind the medial epicondyle, it enters the f
8 KB (1,117 words) - 12:04, 19 March 2024
...s a triangular depression found on the lateral aspect of the dorsum of the hand. It is located at the level of the carpal bones and best seen when the thu
...fbox’.<ref name=":0">http://teachmeanatomy.info/upper-limb/areas/anatomical-snuffbox/</ref>
5 KB (730 words) - 23:00, 29 August 2019
[[File:Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand PIL.png|thumb|Palmar Interosseous Muscle-Hand]]
...tps://europepmc.org/article/med/30725850 Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Palmar Interosseous Muscle.] In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasur
5 KB (737 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
[[File:Brachioradialis, Grays Anatomy.gif|thumb|500x500px|<ref>Gray, Henry. ''Anatomy of the Human Body.'' Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1918; Bartleby.com, 2000
...ong flat tendon begins, then the tendon continues to the radius.<ref name="Anatomy.">Helen J.Hislop Jacqueline Montgomery,Muscle Testing,2007,8th edition.</re
6 KB (813 words) - 23:01, 25 February 2021
...x.<ref name=":0">Drake R, Vogl W, Mitchell A. Gray's Anatomy for Students E-Book. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2009.</ref>
...N. Mechanical advantage of the thumb muscles. J Biomech. 1998 Jun;31(6):565-70.</ref>
4 KB (498 words) - 18:55, 17 May 2021
[[File:Hand and wrist bones II.JPG|thumb]]
...radioulnar joint instability]. Journal of Wrist Surgery. 2017 May;6(02):088-96.</ref>.
3 KB (444 words) - 20:55, 26 July 2023
...her. As its name suggests it is a wrist extensor and can be palpated infero-posteriorly to the elbow.
...loid process of the radius.<ref name=":0">Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and human movement: structure and function. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2006.
6 KB (798 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...nerve.]] <ref name=":1">Drake, RL, Vogl, W, Mitchell, AW, Gray, H. Gray's anatomy for Students 2nd ed. Philadelphia : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, 2010
...":1" /><ref name=":2">Moore, KL, Dalley, AF, Agur, AM. Clinically oriented anatomy. 7<sup>th</sup> ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014</re
5 KB (722 words) - 10:26, 27 February 2024
...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
..., P. Three-Digit Allen's Test. Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2007; 84 (2):686-687. </ref>
7 KB (1,100 words) - 23:10, 31 January 2021
...ps://archive.org/stream/anatomyofhumanbo1918gray#page/454/mode/2up Gray H. Anatomy of the human body]. Lea & Febiger; 1878.</ref>
...the dorsal side.<ref name=":1">Cael C. Functional anatomy: musculoskeletal anatomy, kinesiology, and palpation for manual therapists. Jones & Bartlett Learnin
3 KB (427 words) - 15:56, 25 October 2020
...[humerus]]<ref name=":0">Drake, RL, Vogl, W, Mitchell, AW, Gray, H. Gray's anatomy for Students 2nd ed. Philadelphia : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, 2010
== Function<ref>Moore, KL, Dalley, AF, Agur, AM. Clinically oriented anatomy. 7<sup>th</sup> ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014</re
4 KB (538 words) - 14:56, 10 January 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...Roos DB. Diagnosing thoracic outlet syndrome. Hand Clin. 2004 Feb;20(1):27-36. (evidence level E)</ref>
3 KB (404 words) - 22:25, 31 January 2021
...ntrinsic foot muscles with morphological profiles of the foot]. Journal of Anatomy. 2022 Aug 24;241(6).
...ion and name to [[Abductor digiti minimi of hand|abductor digiti minimi of hand,]] but for the little toe of the foot.
4 KB (619 words) - 19:23, 16 December 2023
...seen in thumb movement.<ref>Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AW, Gray H. Gray's anatomy for Students 2nd ed. Philadelphia : Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier, 2010<
...: anatomical study and clinical significance]. Folia Morphol 2019;78(2):394-400.DOI: 10.5603/FM.a2018.0091
7 KB (981 words) - 16:03, 24 October 2020
...=":0">Gosling JA, Harris PF, Humpherson JR, Whitmore I, Willan PL. ''Human Anatomy: Color Atlas and Textbook''. phot. by A.L. Bentley (5th ed.). Philadelphia:
...on the function of the lumbrical muscle. ''J Hand Surg Am''. 2014;39(1):149-155.</ref>
8 KB (1,211 words) - 17:58, 17 March 2023
.../><ref>Kang SH, Chae S, Kim J, Lee J, Park IJ. [https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/Fulltext/2021/09240/Scapholunate_and_lunotriquetral_interosseous.4.a
...adiopedia, viewed 20/12/22, https://radiopaedia.org/articles/lunotriquetral-ligament?lang=us</ref>
3 KB (425 words) - 15:15, 20 December 2022
==== Therapist position and hand placement ====
The therapist stand behind the patient, places one hand under the tibia to stabilize it.
7 KB (1,117 words) - 07:05, 26 February 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
*Radial abduction of wrist (0-25°)
6 KB (947 words) - 04:33, 31 March 2022
[[File:RA Hand 1.png|right|frameless]]
...[Wrist and Hand|hand joints]] and leading to impairment in [[Hand Function|hand function]]<nowiki/>s.
8 KB (1,149 words) - 22:18, 1 September 2023
...f the [[Thenar and Hypothenar Muscles Of The Hand|thenar]] eminence of the hand.
...edicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2012 Jan;5:CMAMD-S8443.</ref>
6 KB (850 words) - 13:17, 29 October 2020
[[File:Flexor-digitorum-profundus.png|thumb|401x401px|Flexor Digitorum Profundus]]
...://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526046/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Flexor Digitorum Profundus Muscle.] InStatPearls [Internet] 2019 Feb 10. St
9 KB (1,366 words) - 14:41, 18 December 2020
...ng the [[ulna]]. It forms the radio-carpal joint at the wrist and the radio-ulnar joint at the [[elbow]]. It is similar to the [[tibia]] of the lower li
...n as the superior radioulnar joint.<ref>Chaurasia BD. Bd Chaurasia’s Human Anatomy Regional and Applied Dissection and Clinical. 2013.
6 KB (974 words) - 22:10, 21 December 2023
<div class="editorbox">'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
...uirre K, Mudreac A, Kiel J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513344/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Subscapularis Muscle.] StatPearls [Internet]. 202
7 KB (1,122 words) - 02:31, 2 February 2024
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...rmis muscle is innervated by the direct branches from the sacral plexus (L5-S2).
6 KB (969 words) - 14:45, 7 February 2021
...ion of abductor pollicis longus muscle.] Journal of Anatomy. 1991, 174: 221-227</ref>
...r branches in the forearm]. The Journal of Hand Surgery 1997 Mar;22A(2):232-37</ref>
6 KB (982 words) - 18:04, 1 March 2023
...doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.04.001</ref>. Although the muscles of the human hand are found in one or more extant non–human primates, it is the combination
This page outlines the thenar and hypothenar muscles of the hand.
12 KB (1,871 words) - 14:47, 24 June 2023
[[File:Anconeus-muscle-l.jpg|thumb|Anconeous muscle]]
...rchitecture of the anconeus muscle]. Int. J. Morphol. 2009 Dec 1;27(4):1009-2.</ref>
5 KB (722 words) - 22:22, 25 June 2022
== Anatomy ==
* Elbow complex is designed to serve hand.
6 KB (710 words) - 23:22, 30 January 2024
...://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539723/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscle.] [Last updated: March 24, 2019]</ref
* The humeroulnar head originates off the common origin of [[Wrist and Hand|wrist flexors]] i.e. medial epicondyle of the [[humerus]] and the medial bo
9 KB (1,382 words) - 15:00, 3 November 2020
...resulting from epicondylitis. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine. 2002;1:117-121.</ref>.
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
4 KB (635 words) - 12:27, 2 October 2022
[[Extensor Hood Mechanism Hand|Extensor hood]] rupture is a rare injury associated with boxing and other p
...Rupture, 2009;4(2):177–179. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s11552-008-9154-7</nowiki>
8 KB (1,127 words) - 03:09, 19 April 2020
...988; Examination of the scaphoid; Journal of Hand Surgery, volume: 13A, 657-60. evidence level: F
...oid Shift in the Uninjured Wrist; Journal of Hand Surgery, volume: 19A, 604-606 evidence level: C</ref><br>
8 KB (1,238 words) - 18:55, 7 August 2023
...ng|alt=GOOGLE IMAGES|thumb|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray244.png anatomy] for articularis genu muscle]]
...ius.<ref name=":0">Grob K, Gilbey H, Manestar M, Ackland T, Kuster MS. The anatomy of the articularis genus muscle and its relation to the extensor apparatus
4 KB (607 words) - 16:00, 17 February 2023
== Clinical Relevant Anatomy ==
...erman AL, Fedorczyk J, Amadio PC, Felder S, Shin EK. Rehabilitation of the hand and upper extremity. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2020 Jan 14.</ref>
5 KB (667 words) - 14:53, 15 November 2020
...6july 2019)</ref><ref name=":0">Keith L. , Anne M. R . Clinically Oriented Anatomy . philidephia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Feb 13, 2013</ref>
...ell AWM. Gray's Anatomy for Students. 39th ed. London; Elsevier; 2005. p574-575</ref>
5 KB (757 words) - 07:40, 27 February 2024
...ciae latae perforator flap. Plastic Reconstructive Surgery: 2009;124(1):181-9. Doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181ab114c. PMID:19568071</ref>
...dius,]] and [[Gluteus Minimus|gluteus minimus]] in a wide variety of [[Hip Anatomy|hip]] movements, including flexion, abduction, and internal rotation.
9 KB (1,510 words) - 06:02, 30 January 2024
== Bony Anatomy ==
...Edition Edinburg: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999</ref>, allowing the hand to explore and control the environment and objects.
12 KB (1,625 words) - 00:05, 30 December 2022
...a%2f%2fjosr-online.biomedcentral.com%2farticles%2f10.1186%2fs13018-016-0430-x/RK=2/RS=GoJ6sJnAOhKzALtctTKkVWAjJCg- Ankle Impingement].''Journal of Ortho
=== Clinically Relevant anatomy ===
5 KB (751 words) - 23:01, 2 March 2021
...copy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 2007 Nov 1;23(11):1180-6.</ref>
...or knee pain. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine. 2006 Jul 1;14(3):203-11.</ref><ref name=":0" />
3 KB (385 words) - 02:48, 9 January 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
...the rotator cuff muscles. <ref name=":0">Jeno SH, Munjal A, Schindler GS. Anatomy, shoulder and upper limb, arm supraspinatus muscle. StatPearls Publishing;
4 KB (619 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...JJ. Avascular Necrosis of the Sesamoids. Foot Ankle Clin. 2019 Mar;24(1):57-67.</ref>
...of the flexor hallucis brevis insertion. Foot Ankle Int. 2010 Jan;31(1):65-8.</ref> Within this tendon sits the tibial sesamoid bone.
4 KB (692 words) - 16:30, 20 January 2022
...aft: an ultrasound study. The Journal of hand surgery. 1991 Jul 1;16(4):708-11.</ref>.
== Anatomy ==
6 KB (940 words) - 10:29, 2 July 2020
...view image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/study/main-muscles-of-lower-limb</ref>
== Anatomy ==
4 KB (610 words) - 07:38, 1 April 2022
...et]. [cited 2018 Mar 21]. Available from: https://rad.washington.edu/muscle-atlas/brachialis/</ref>
...al insertional footprint of the brachialis muscle: 3D morphometric study]. Anatomy Research International. 2015;2015.</ref>
5 KB (685 words) - 19:01, 8 March 2024
...s of the wrist. Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 2016 Jan;41(1):7-21.</ref> it was found that throughout all motions, the ligaments are always
...chanics, and Loads of the Wrist Joint]. Life. 2022 Jan 27;12(2):188.</ref> Hand function has four important components:
12 KB (1,677 words) - 18:51, 17 January 2023
...etiology, and management]. Clinics in plastic surgery. 1998 Oct 1;25(4):537-52.</ref>.
...hand with congenital deformity in Apert syndrome|Apert hand, a congenital hand deformity|thumb|center|349x349px]]
10 KB (1,320 words) - 15:16, 9 January 2023
...dial artery.<ref name=":0">https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/radial-artery</ref>
...es of the ulnar artery in the hand. <ref name=":2">Richard M. M; Zachary G.Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Forearm Radial Artery. InStatPearls [Internet] Au
9 KB (1,510 words) - 09:38, 9 June 2022
[[File:Bennett-Fracture.jpg|right|frameless|643x643px]]
...e Bennett Fracture] Available from:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/bennett-fracture (last accessed 21.3.2020)</ref>
9 KB (1,228 words) - 17:27, 1 July 2020
|[[Dorsal Interossei of the Hand|Dorsal Interossei]]
|[[Lumbricals of the Hand|Lumbricals]]
9 KB (1,143 words) - 02:32, 29 April 2022
...m JA, Reddy V, Varacallo M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539845/ Anatomy, autonomic nervous system].Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NB
...i.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-anatomy/peripheral-nervous-system/autonomic-nervous-system (accessed 11.4.20220 </ref>.
5 KB (641 words) - 06:11, 11 April 2022
...and hand.<ref>https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-radius-and-the-ulna</ref>
[[File:Overview_of_the_radius_and_ulna_-_Kenhub.png|alt=Overview of the radius and ulna (anterior and posterior view
6 KB (946 words) - 14:49, 27 July 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
The Deltoid muscle is a large triangular-shaped muscle that lies over the [[Glenohumeral Joint|glenohumeral joint]] a
9 KB (1,265 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...rent Sports Medicine Reports:] September 2011 - Volume 10 - Issue 5 - p 271-278 doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31822d4000 </ref>
4 KB (521 words) - 12:58, 20 June 2022
The ulnar fovea sign is a clinical test used to specify the cause of ulnar-sided wrist pain.
...Pain:] An Analysis of Sensitivity and Specificity, American Society of the Hand, 2007</ref>
6 KB (902 words) - 13:17, 2 October 2022
...M. Ulnar tunnel syndrome. The Journal of hand surgery. 2014 Mar 1;39(3):571-9.</ref><ref name=":3" />
The ulnar nerve is one of the major nerves of the hand and travels down the neck through the medial epicondyle, than passes under
11 KB (1,653 words) - 12:22, 16 April 2024
...men. S. F. Gunther, D. DiPasquale, and R. Martin. Yale J Biol Med. 1993 May-Jun; 66(3): 203–208.</ref>
...ment of Struthers is thought to be a vestige of the tendon of the latissimo-condyloideus muscle, found in some climbing animals
3 KB (397 words) - 17:35, 27 August 2019
...or digitorum profundus tendon: an experimental study. Hand.] 1978 Feb(1):52-5.</ref>.
{{#ev:youtube|rpvx5APhudw|300}}<ref>Dr.Hemant sharma. Jersey finger (hand injury) 2. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rpvx5APhudw&t=22
9 KB (1,407 words) - 19:54, 10 April 2022
...al nerves]] that originate from the thoracic segments of the [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]]. These nerves mainly supply the skin over the chest and intri
...s://www.marylandbackandneckpaindoctors.com/symptoms-of-thoracic-spine-nerve-damage/ (accessed 7,2,2022)</ref>.
6 KB (958 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...Femoral stress fractures. Clinics in sports medicine.] 1997 Apr 1;16(2):307-17.</ref>
=== '''Clinically Relevant Anatomy''' ===
5 KB (682 words) - 20:30, 31 January 2021
<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">- </span>[[User:Joshua Samuel|Joshua Samuel]]
...ral view image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/scalene-muscles</ref>
9 KB (1,366 words) - 21:58, 21 March 2023
[[File:Palmaris-longus-horizontal.png|thumb|Palmaris Longus muscle in the Flexor compartment of the
...lmaris longus affect grip and pinch strength? - PubMed - NCBI Aug;30(4):406-8.</ref>
8 KB (1,242 words) - 17:14, 31 August 2021
...Pronator quadratus revisited.] Journal of Hand Surgery. 1996 Dec;21(6):714-22.</ref>
...uropean Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology. 2020 Jan 1;30(1):103-7.</ref>
6 KB (956 words) - 11:00, 7 October 2020
...ee. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2012; 45: 592-607.
=== Anatomy ===
7 KB (969 words) - 01:04, 29 August 2019
Welcome to the fascinating world of humerus anatomy—a cornerstone in the realm of physiotherapy. Understanding the intricacie
...th a keen focus on patient well-being, delving into the nuances of humerus anatomy opens up a myriad of possibilities for effective intervention and support.
10 KB (1,446 words) - 16:41, 27 December 2023
...er AM, Adkins Z, Wobser RW. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519524/ Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Bones (Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis)]. StatPearls [Intern
You can find the iliac crests by placing the sides of your forefinger/hand in the fleshy part of the waist at the level of the umbilicus, move inferio
4 KB (662 words) - 02:32, 7 November 2021
...le ligament laxity. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2010 May;18(5):628-33. </ref>.<br>
.... The heel is held from below by one hand by the therapist while the other hand holds the lower leg. While maintaining the ankle in a neutral position, the
3 KB (395 words) - 15:10, 27 February 2021
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Chelsea_Mclene Chelsea Mclene]
...ezes RG. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541001/#_NBK541001_pubdet_ Anatomy, Thorax, Cervical Rib].[updated 2020 Aug 22]. In:StatPearls[Internet].Treas
8 KB (1,140 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
[[File:Abdominal curl-CDC strength training for older adults.gif|thumb|Abdominal curl up]]
...xion has many elements including [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]], [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]], and [[lumbar]] motion. Measurement is difficult and may be done
3 KB (378 words) - 04:21, 31 January 2022
...N. P., Soames, R. W., & Nigel Palastanga MA BA FCSP DMS DipTP (2011). Anatomy and human movement: Structure and function (Physiotherapy essentials) (6th
*Lateral dorsal surface of the hand
8 KB (1,146 words) - 17:12, 22 April 2022
...ide of its origin. <ref>Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Philadelphia; Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2017</ref>
[[File:Trochlear-nerve-illustration.jpg|alt=|thumb|300x300px|Trochlear nerve illustration]]
5 KB (799 words) - 17:21, 24 April 2022
...treat?]. Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma. 2020 Jul 1;11(4):570-9.</ref>
...cular disk]. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research®. 1992 Feb 1;275:19-28.</ref>
9 KB (1,301 words) - 10:55, 6 December 2022
...A (2005). [https://booksofdiscovery.com/for-instructors/trail-guide-to-the-body/#TGBNEW Trail Guide to the Body] (2nd ed). Boulder, CO: Books of Discov
== Anatomy ==
10 KB (1,416 words) - 15:34, 21 March 2023
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
*C7 innervates --> middle finger -->[[Wrist and Hand|wrist flexors]]
6 KB (837 words) - 22:02, 31 January 2021
* '''Serratus Posterior Superior''': Originates from the C7-T3 vertebrae spinous process and nuchal ligament.
* '''Serratus Posterior Inferior''': Originates from the T11-L2 vertebrae spinous process
6 KB (806 words) - 21:36, 19 April 2024
== Anatomy ==
...ts implication for understanding low back pain. Spine. 1996 Mar 1;21(5):556-62.</ref>
4 KB (595 words) - 21:31, 31 January 2021
[[File:Interphalangeal joints of hand.jpg|thumb|Interphalangeal joints of hand (green)]]
...the phalanges of the fingers that provide flexion towards the palm of the hand.<ref>Peter B, Alain G, [https://books.google.com/books?id=-pzGRMvXFzAC&pg=P
14 KB (2,014 words) - 09:55, 28 March 2022
[[File:Extensor-carpi-ulnaris.png|thumb]]
...name=":0">Sawyer E, Tadi P. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539760/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Forearm Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Muscle.] [Updated
10 KB (1,444 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...anagement of scapholunate ligament injuries. ''Orthop Res Rev''. 2018;10:41-54
...-Dislocation of the Wrist. First Edition. Milan: Springer Verlag, 2013. p19-20.</ref>
8 KB (1,160 words) - 14:02, 20 December 2022
...ame=":0">Farrell C, Kiel J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534856/ Anatomy, Back, Rhomboid Muscles.] StatPearls [Internet]. 2021 Jul 26. Available:htt
...r view image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/rhomboid-muscles</ref>
10 KB (1,387 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...strings]].<ref name="anatomytv">Primal Pictures. Available from:http://www.anatomy.tv/interactivehip (accessed 8 May 2015)</ref>
...f name="primalonlinelearning">Primal Pictures. Available from: https://www.anatomy.tv/#bicepsfemoris (accessed 8 May 2015). </ref>
10 KB (1,461 words) - 01:58, 23 March 2024
...performing seven specific tasks using the arm, one of which is playing a [[Hand Dystonia|musical]] instrument.
See the original [[Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery after Stroke]]
6 KB (852 words) - 16:27, 23 April 2022
...th American Journal of Sports Physical Therapy 2008; volume 3, number 2:107-109 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: B</ref><br>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
5 KB (707 words) - 11:02, 2 October 2022
== Anatomy ==
...nd the lacertus fibrosus (bicipital fascia) and is separated from the elbow-joint by the [[brachialis]].
16 KB (2,379 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shreya_Pavaskar Shreya Pavaskar]
...scopically in patients with anterior shoulder instability and engaging Hill-Sachs lesions.
5 KB (696 words) - 11:01, 29 November 2022
[[Image:Lend-a-hand.jpg|right|200px]]
...natomy Editor in Physiopedia''' x4 - suitable to anyone willing to develop anatomy content in Physiopedia
4 KB (564 words) - 12:20, 27 May 2014
...ed with an artificial joint- a prosthesis. It aims to create a stable, pain-free joint with a functional range of movement when conservative treatments
...he wrist and usually lasts for about 10 to 15 years. Implant survival of 90-100% at five years are mostly reported using newer second generation and thi
9 KB (1,374 words) - 13:44, 11 January 2024
...ref>Nigel Palastanga; Roger W. Soames (2012). Churchill Livingstone, ed. ''Anatomy and Human Movement: Structure and Function''.</ref>.
...a serrated edge<ref>https://radiopaedia.org/articles/posterior-longitudinal-ligament</ref>.
6 KB (897 words) - 12:23, 29 January 2020
...r:Yuliya Bugera|Yuliya Bugera]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]] '''Top Contributors''
...th, loss of range of motion (ROM), and joint stiffness leading to impaired hand function and difficulty with daily activities.
15 KB (2,107 words) - 10:15, 24 January 2022
...ts or deep fascia.<ref name=":0">Drake R, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM 2004 Gray’s Anatomy for Students. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.</ref>
*Lateral condyle and upper half or two-thirds of the lateral surface of the body of the tibia
6 KB (877 words) - 15:37, 21 March 2023
...pplied to extensor avulsion fractures or [[Extensor Tendon Injuries of the Hand|distal extensor tendon ruptures]]. Either one results in an inability to ex
=== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ===
12 KB (1,757 words) - 11:20, 18 August 2022
...A, Varacallo M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536960/ Metacarpal hand fracture.] InStatPearls [Internet] 2019 Jan 16. StatPearls Publishing.Avail
* Is a break in one of the five metacarpal bones of either hand.
15 KB (2,130 words) - 13:16, 9 January 2023
...al cord level.<ref>Earths lab Myotomes Available:https://www.earthslab.com/anatomy/myotomes/ (accessed 25.5.2022)</ref>
...ssessment (4th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier. pp. 467–566. ISBN 978-1-4160-3109-3. </ref>
8 KB (1,315 words) - 19:20, 4 August 2023
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]].
...tment syndrome and Volkmann's ischemic contracture of the upper extremity. Hand clinics. 1998 Aug;14(3):331.</ref><ref name="p2">Clover J. Sports Medicine
10 KB (1,506 words) - 07:48, 6 December 2023
...crotuberous lig]. Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/sacrotuberous-ligament (accessed 1.9.2021)</ref>.
...ssification] Available:https://radiopaedia.org/cases/sacrotuberous-ligament-ossification (accessed 1.9.2021)</ref>
7 KB (996 words) - 09:28, 24 August 2023
...ochemical characteristics. American Journal of anatomy. 1990 Nov;189(3):236-44.Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2148051/<nowiki/>(accessed 6.1
...inferior), and middle<ref name="Moore">Moore KL, et al. Essential clinical anatomy. 4th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2011.</ref>. The m
12 KB (1,714 words) - 13:29, 18 March 2023
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...se report.] International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. 2016 Jan 1;21:44-7.</ref>
10 KB (1,460 words) - 09:50, 21 June 2021
[[Category:Technology]]== Anatomy ==
*Hand Surgery
7 KB (838 words) - 14:30, 4 February 2016
== Anatomy of Ulnar Nerve ==
...Palmar cutaneous nerve that provides innervation to the medial half of the hand.
14 KB (2,102 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...me=":3">Baig MA, Bordoni B. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545241/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Pectoral Muscles].Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.
...July 2018).</ref><ref name=":2">Keith L. , Anne M. R . Clinically Oriented Anatomy seventh edition . philidephia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.Feb 13, 2013
10 KB (1,373 words) - 06:18, 29 March 2022
...ght|frameless]]The Kemp test (also known as the quadrant test and extension-rotation test) is a provocative test useful for diagnosing pain related to [
...orms combined extension and rotation of the spine (used for the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical spine]] or the [[Lumbar|lumbar spine]]).
5 KB (823 words) - 23:29, 18 December 2023
...m:https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-642-36801-1_49-1#citeas (last accessed 14.3.2020)</ref>
...my Animated Tutorial Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zyl6eoU-3Rg&app=desktop (last accessed 30.3.2020)</ref>
24 KB (3,535 words) - 14:25, 31 August 2023
.... Our last four years experience. Materio socio-media. 2015 Dec; 27(6): 380-382.</ref>.
# Hand
6 KB (924 words) - 13:26, 17 August 2023
...ese muscles are vital for allowing free movement of the spine.[[Image:250px-Iliostalis.png|Iliocostalis lumborum bottom R, iliocostalis dorsi at centre|
...umborum Available: https://www.rehabmypatient.com/lumbar-spine/iliocostalis-lumborum (accessed 1.12.2021)</ref>
6 KB (839 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...Annular Ligament. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2005];33(1):114-118.</ref>
A strenuous pull on the forearm through the hand can cause the radial head to slip through the distal end of the annular lig
5 KB (817 words) - 10:29, 22 February 2022
...e [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Ankle_Sprain sprain] or [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Chronic_Ankle_Instability chronic instability].
== Relevant Anatomy ==
8 KB (1,224 words) - 10:30, 21 June 2021
...44GuTTpT0qig Orthopaedic examination, evaluation, and intervention.] McGraw-Hill Medical; 2004.</ref>
...atient supine, the therapist holds the patient’s heel of the foot with his hand and then passively flexes the knee. The knee is then passively allowed to e
3 KB (416 words) - 11:29, 2 October 2022
...8269943&ei=UBnJZMrPD-yEywSA_4GIAg&scisig=ABFrs3yFaik86B2nm493E2RNeh10 Ulnar-sided wrist pain in athletes.] Clin SportsMed (Level of evidence: D)</ref>
...5E Triangular fibrocartilage complex of the wrist: anatomy and function.] J Hand Surgery (Level of evidence: D)</ref><br>
3 KB (496 words) - 15:31, 2 August 2023
...f treatments. Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 2019 Oct;44(8):825-32.</ref>
...rticle/med/7559817 Boutonniere deformity]. Hand clinics. 1995 Aug;11(3):387-402.</ref>
15 KB (2,239 words) - 14:25, 4 May 2021
...his write up will elucidate on elaborating on popular outcome measures for hand function among the aged.
== Hand Outcome Measures ==
15 KB (2,270 words) - 12:56, 4 November 2023
== Anatomy ==
...ed Nucleus Available:https://neuroscientificallychallenged.com/glossary/red-nucleus (accessed 26.4.2022)</ref>
6 KB (908 words) - 02:40, 26 April 2022
[[File:673A5849-26B9-4C25-A44A-3980D17EDCCE.png|alt=|right|frameless]]
...pedia Internal Capsule Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/internal-capsule ( accessed 30.7.2021)</ref>
9 KB (1,326 words) - 21:59, 13 November 2023
...Boutonnière Deformity? Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5M4wL-n_c3E [last accessed 5/10/2020]</ref>
== Clinically relevant anatomy ==
14 KB (2,177 words) - 11:26, 18 August 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Chelsea_Mclene Chelsea Mclene]
...ment tool: preliminary report.] ANZ journal of surgery. 2005 Oct;75(10):866-8.</ref> It relies on the ability and/or willingness of the patient to subj
7 KB (1,037 words) - 10:53, 23 March 2021
[[File:Hamate bone (left hand) - animation.gif|right|frameless]]
The hamate is a triangular-shaped bone that forms part of the distal carpal row, articulating with the
12 KB (1,793 words) - 15:46, 31 May 2022
...es help to form the main arches of the foot, which are essential for weight-bearing and [[Walking - Muscles Used|walking]].
== Gross Anatomy & Structure ==
10 KB (1,419 words) - 18:34, 29 August 2023
[[File:Torso-rectus-abdominis-transversus-abdominis.png|right|frameless]]
...flex the spinal column, tense the anterior wall of the [[Abdominal Muscle Anatomy|abdomen]] and assist in compressing the contents of the abdomen.
6 KB (840 words) - 07:01, 19 December 2021
...t H, Tariq MA, Siccardi MA. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541027/ Anatomy, head and neck, mastication muscles]. InStatPearls [Internet] 2023 June 5.
...d index finger of the examiner and held firmly in the thumb web. The other hand is placed on top of the head for stability. Resistance is given vertically
4 KB (556 words) - 16:45, 25 January 2024
# Integrated post-cardiac arrest care<ref name=":0">Health care Australia BLS Available: https
...name=":1">healthline CPR Available:https://www.healthline.com/health/first-aid/cpr (accessed 2.3.2022)</ref>. Cardiac arrest occurs in unexpected place
6 KB (880 words) - 07:22, 2 March 2022
[[File:Hand injury.jpg|356x356px|alt=|thumb|Right hand injury.]]
...s working, there is ample opportunity for injury. In fact, injuries to the hand and wrists are some of the most common ailments facing athletes.
12 KB (1,718 words) - 21:57, 1 January 2023
* Niemann-Pick Disease - Type A
* Orthostatic Hypotonia Shy-Drager Disease
8 KB (1,166 words) - 09:10, 29 July 2021
...ser:Jamie Keller|Jamie Keller]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]]
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
13 KB (1,833 words) - 11:55, 21 September 2022
...ionary of Neurological Signs; Springer Science & Business Media, 12-Nov-2010; page 369</ref>
.... The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume. 1975 Aug;57(3):380-3.</ref> ==
9 KB (1,295 words) - 00:29, 2 August 2021
...ristian Filer|Christian Filer]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]]
[[File:Muscles of the hand anterior aspect Primal.png|right|frameless|400x400px]]
12 KB (1,621 words) - 02:26, 28 January 2023
...l and Radiographic Results. J Pediatr Orthop. Vol 35(2), March 2015, p 115-120</ref>.
== Anatomy ==
11 KB (1,538 words) - 12:01, 28 June 2023
...on test and position. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation. 2019 Aug 1;28(6):635-9.</ref>
...pattern dysfunction, by the observation of abdominal excursion and anterior-posterior chest expansion.<ref name=":0" />
3 KB (373 words) - 01:34, 10 May 2023
<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shreya_Pavaskar Shreya Pavaskar] <br>
...M, Iveland H. [https://tidsskriftet.no/en/2021/06/medisin-i-bilder/panners-disease Panner's disease.] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2021 Jun 24;141(10). Engl
5 KB (693 words) - 13:33, 14 October 2022
...ular and are generally associated with joint effusions and hematomas. Extra-articular fractures include avulsion fractures and are most commonly seen in
== Clinical relevant anatomy ==
10 KB (1,339 words) - 14:35, 7 December 2023
...rm muscles to the hand. As these structures are damaged by [https://physio-pedia.com/Rheumatoid_Arthritis?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_
...rupture and inflammation, leading to further weakness and deformity in the hand.
21 KB (3,106 words) - 19:07, 24 November 2021
...ng structure.<ref name=":1">The Human Memory Insula Available:https://human-memory.net/insula/ (last accessed 8.8.2021)</ref>
* The insula is important for gustatory and sensorimotor processing, risk-reward behavior, autonomics, pain pathways, and auditory and [[Vestibular Sy
6 KB (866 words) - 17:44, 12 August 2021
...bolic bone disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 1969 Jan 23;280(4):193-202.</ref>.
...nerve arises off the median nerve in the proximal forearm, approximately 5-8cm distal to the lateral epicondyle of the [[humerus]]. A 2018 cadaver stud
7 KB (953 words) - 10:38, 21 June 2021
[[File:Swan-neck deformity.jpg|thumb|300x300px]]
...>Lane R, Nallamothu SV. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525970/ Swan-Neck Deformity]. InStatPearls [Internet] 2019 Feb 4. StatPearls Publishing.<
9 KB (1,350 words) - 12:22, 31 May 2021
...-sectional study. Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy. 2021 Dec;26(1):1-8.</ref>
...o the palms supported by the thenar and hypothenar eminences to make a club-like structure is exclusive to humans. <ref name=":2" />
18 KB (2,682 words) - 22:09, 28 December 2022
...d review of literature. Journal of orthopaedic Surgery , 2005 ;13(3) : 307-309. Level C</ref><ref name="Sing">5.Singh R.K. et al., Complete rupture of
...with acute triceps tendon avulsion. Journal of hand therapy, 2005; 18 : 365-371 Level C</ref>
6 KB (871 words) - 02:15, 31 December 2021
...ent syndrome: evaluation and management. ''Hand clinics'', ''34''(1), pp.53-60.</ref>.
...ournal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2011 Jan 1;19(1):49-58.</ref> (most common)
11 KB (1,559 words) - 09:55, 28 March 2022
...rt of the Knee. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [online]. 89(9), pp. 2000-2010. [viewed 12 September 2016]. Available from: http://jbjs.org/content/8
...ncepts. Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine [online]. 1(2), pp. 108-113. [viewed 12 September 2016]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
11 KB (1,589 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...">Manganaro D, Alsayouri K. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545158/ Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Ankle Joint.] 2020 Aug 16. In: StatPearls [Int
...alar ligament (ATTL) passes from the tip of the medial malleolus to the non-articular part of the medial talar surface. It is crossed by the tendons of
13 KB (1,956 words) - 19:41, 9 October 2020
* It is a channel for the [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]] transmitting stimuli (sensory) from the head and body to the
...the midbrain Available from:https://sciencetrends.com/the-function-of-your-midbrain/ (accessed 24.4.2022)</ref><ref>Vedantu Midbrain Available from:htt
9 KB (1,167 words) - 14:29, 25 January 2023
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]].
...] The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. 1985 Nov;67(5):741-6.</ref>This is often referred to as the Trendelenburg test but should not b
7 KB (913 words) - 13:18, 13 September 2023
...ion: significance and measurement.] Journal of Anatomy. 2020 Nov;237(5):811-26.</ref>
...use in Craig’s test.] Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(4):1141-4.</ref><ref name=":1" />
8 KB (1,153 words) - 04:19, 16 October 2023
...f>https://study.com/academy/lesson/pronator-teres-definition-function-nerve-supply.html (accessed 20 July 2018).</ref> The humeral head is larger and mo
...s at risk for compression.<ref name=":1">Doyle, J. Surgical Anatomy of the Hand and Upper Extremity. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins. 2003<
7 KB (963 words) - 12:30, 30 April 2024
...ew and meta-analysis. Thorax. 2003 Jul 1;58(7):580-4.</ref> Examples: short-acting beta 2 agonist (SABA), short- acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA), Me
...Reviews. 2012(10).</ref> Examples, long-acting beta 2 agonist (LABA), long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA).
5 KB (640 words) - 09:22, 28 February 2020
== Relevant Anatomy ==
...r glenohumeral joint capsule contracture. Shoulder Elbow. 2012 Oct;4(4):230-6.</ref>
5 KB (778 words) - 06:02, 31 March 2023
[[File:Brachial-Plexus.png|right|frameless]]
...Radecki J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2926354/ Parsonage-Turner Syndrome.] Hospital for Special Surgery Journal, 2010; 6(2): 199–20
13 KB (1,797 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...area of origin.<ref>http://teachmeanatomy.info/upper-limb/muscles/pectoral-region/ (accessed 1 July 2018). </ref>
...Available: https://www.lorpt.com/blog/2019/7/24/chest-muscle-tightness-back-related<nowiki/>(accessed 7.1.2022)</ref>
12 KB (1,789 words) - 18:32, 17 March 2023
== Anatomy ==
...en the [[tibia]] and [[fibula]] of the leg and the [[talus]] of the [[Foot Anatomy|foot]]. See the page for [[Ankle Joint|ankle joint]] for more information.
12 KB (1,693 words) - 09:30, 1 June 2022
...early observations on neural-tube defects. J Neurosurg. Nov 1991;75(5):823-6</ref>. Named after Hans Chiari and Julius Arnold, the pathologists wh
== <span>C</span>linically Relevant Anatomy ==
7 KB (1,051 words) - 11:57, 26 December 2021
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...Takaku A. Cerebrovascular “moyamoya” disease. Disease showing abnormal net-like vessels in base of brain. Arch. Neurol. 1969;20(3):288–299.</ref> bec
7 KB (979 words) - 14:49, 2 May 2024
...R. Sports-related extensor carpi ulnaris pathology: a review of functional anatomy, sports injury and management. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(17):1105–11.</ref
...specifically is limited<ref>Rettig AC, Ryan RO, Stone JA. Epidemiology of hand injuries in sports. In PA: WB Saunders; 1992.</ref>.
11 KB (1,539 words) - 17:20, 19 April 2022
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
== Clinically relevant anatomy ==
6 KB (985 words) - 04:45, 1 April 2022
...e client's elbow for stabilization and the other hand grasps the patient's hand in a handshake position. The patient maintains their forearm in a neutral p
...s://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=mdc&AN=23637145&site=eds-live</nowiki></ref>” Resisted pronation and supination (described above in
6 KB (953 words) - 09:41, 9 May 2023
...during muscle contraction]. Journal of biomechanics. 2016 Jun 14;49(9):1812-7. Available:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27155748/ (accessed 15.12.2021)
...layers of delicate, thin sheaths. Tendons, in contrast, are tough and rope-like. An aponeurosis is made primarily of bundles of [[collagen]] fibers dis
9 KB (1,298 words) - 16:06, 23 February 2024
...revention, diagnosis and management.] South African Family Practice. 47. 14-19. 10.1080/20786204.2005.10873255. Available from: https://www.researchgate
...[Wrist and Hand|wrist]]; the ulnar side of the hand; the thumb side of the hand. This occurs as a result of:
20 KB (3,054 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...anatomy|spinal cord]], in which pain signals can be sent up to the [[Brain Anatomy|brain]] to be processed to accentuate the possible perceived pain, or atten
...e KA. [https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_1134 Gate Control Theory of Pain]. In: Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine
12 KB (1,810 words) - 02:24, 30 April 2022
...]] of the thumb. It is the most important joint connecting the [[Wrist and Hand|wrist]] to the metacarpus. [[Osteoarthritis]] of the TMC is a severely disa
[[File:Anatomy of the hand.png|394x394px|Carpometacarpal Joint of the hand|thumb|center]]
15 KB (1,983 words) - 07:40, 3 September 2023
...the [[Elbow|elbow joint]].<ref name=":0">Tiwana MS, Sinkler MA, Bordoni B. Anatomy, [https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/viewarticle/30580/ Shoulder and
...image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/triceps-brachii-muscle </ref>
10 KB (1,456 words) - 18:16, 17 March 2023
[[File:250px-Iliostalis.png|thumb|400x400px|Iliocostalis]]
...ia Erector Spinae Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/erector-spinae-group?lang=us (accessed 6.2.2022)</ref>.
5 KB (736 words) - 02:32, 6 February 2022
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...is between 30 and 120 degrees flexion. The UCL originates at the anterior-inferior aspect of the medial epicondyle of the humerus and it inserts at th
9 KB (1,226 words) - 14:33, 26 February 2023
[[File:Lateral-ankle-ligaments.jpg|thumb|458x458px]]
...ons]. Orthopaedics & traumatology: Surgery & research. 2010 Jun 1;96(4):424-32.</ref>
9 KB (1,360 words) - 11:45, 3 August 2022
[[File:Old client.jpg|thumb|330x330px|Age-Induced Hand Impairment]]
...y Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2003 Feb 1;58(2):M146-52. Available from:https://academic.oup.com/biomedgerontology/article/58/2/M
21 KB (3,136 words) - 15:14, 15 November 2023
...unar infarcts are small infarcts (2–20 mm in diameter) in the deep [[Brain Anatomy|cerebral]] white matter, basal ganglia, or pons, presumed to result from th
...gies]. Journal of stroke. 2018 Sep;20(3):302. Available from: https://www.j-stroke.org/journal/view.php?number=242 (last accessed 28.12.2019)</ref>
10 KB (1,392 words) - 23:23, 9 January 2020
...de<ref>Weebly Biceps brachii Available:https://bicepsbrachii.weebly.com/fun-facts.html (accessed 10.1.2022)</ref>.
...erate movements in [[Glenohumeral Joint|glenohumeral]], [[elbow]] and radio-ulnar joints.
9 KB (1,385 words) - 13:09, 14 March 2023
...ef name="Vier">P Vercellini. Chronic pelvic pain. Wiley-Blackwell 2011: 118-119</ref>
...odological review. Part 1: Reliability]. Manual therapy. 2000 Feb 1;5(1):30-6.</ref>
5 KB (701 words) - 22:26, 31 January 2021
== Anatomy ==
The rotator cuff muscles include: <ref name="Een">Gray,H. Anatomy of the Human Body. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, 1918; Bartleby.com, 2000<
13 KB (1,786 words) - 18:27, 7 December 2023
...Chung CB, Resnick D, editors. [https://books.google.co.in/books?id=p4tBl_Pz-EwC&lpg=PA255&ots=EevZTJNbWs&pg=PA255#v=onepage&q&f=true Magnetic resonance
There are five flexor tendon pulleys in the fingers that are named A1-A5, and consists of annular ligament pulleys, and cruciate pulleys i.e. The
17 KB (2,623 words) - 12:20, 16 April 2024
[[File:Ankle edema .jpg|thumb|Right foot and ankle edema- 2 weeks post-surgery]]
...Leg edema assessment and management.] Medsurg Nursing. 2014 Jan 1;23(1):44-53.</ref>
11 KB (1,579 words) - 12:17, 3 August 2022
...welling or bulge that often appears around or on joints and tendons in the hand or foot. A ganglion manifests as a subcutaneous limp or nodule. The size ca
[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/EXCISION-OF-THE-GANGLION-CYST-Camasta/67d2f2944bbe3a87f570fcf41ff1d4e92cc92467 EXCISION OF THE GANGLION CY
17 KB (2,521 words) - 15:19, 26 October 2020
...0. Available from:https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity</ref>, so now a days recreational cycling activity has been very po
...vention, diagnosis and management, South African Family Practice, 47(7): 14-19</ref>
5 KB (759 words) - 16:07, 31 July 2023
...h is embracing the whole world around the human as it is stated by many bio-mechanists. But to be highly mobile and in the same time functional, stabili
== Clinical relevant anatomy. ==
6 KB (920 words) - 21:11, 20 April 2020
...image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/gluteus-maximus-muscle</ref>.]]
...]]. It is the largest muscle at the hip representing 16% of the total cross-sectional area.<ref name=":0">Keith L. , Anne M. R .
13 KB (1,921 words) - 04:11, 30 January 2024
...iometer and video tracking methods.] Procedia Engineering. 2013 Jan 1;68:77-82. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705813
Flex hip with hand under [[lumbar]] area to check no pelvic movement occurs.
4 KB (513 words) - 05:44, 15 January 2022
...ruber anastomosis: anatomical study]. Rev Bras Ortop. 2016 Feb 23;51(2):214-23. </ref>
...ic Study in North Indian Population.] J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Feb;10(2):AC09-11.</ref> Median to Ulnar nerve communication was first described by Martin
13 KB (1,950 words) - 14:18, 28 January 2024
[[File:250px-Longissimus.png|thumb|Longissimus]]
...ilable:https://study.com/academy/lesson/longissimus-muscle-origin-insertion-function.html (accessed 5.2.2022)</ref>
7 KB (1,049 words) - 00:22, 26 November 2023
* The triangular fibrocartilage complex '''(TFCC)''' is a load-bearing structure between the lunate, triquetrum, and ulnar head.
* Patients with TFCC injury will present with ulnar-sided wrist pain that may present with clicking or point tenderness between
19 KB (2,799 words) - 09:37, 19 November 2022
...2093-9. </ref> This article discusses the key anatomical structures of the hand that enable functional movements, including the bony structures, articulati
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial,]] and sub-muscular.
37 KB (5,530 words) - 10:23, 14 October 2023
...yndrome: a narrative review.] Global spine journal. 2019 May;9(1_suppl):89S-97S.</ref>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
12 KB (1,608 words) - 18:00, 21 June 2023
...n. A.Y. (2008). Wrist instability. Scandinavian Journal of Surgery, 97, 324-332. (1A)</ref>
...006). Hand and wrist. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. (169-174).</ref>
9 KB (1,335 words) - 18:12, 25 April 2024
[[File:Scaphoid bone (left hand) - animation.gif|right|frameless|200x200px]]
...d Management of Scaphoid Fractures,] Am Fam Physician. 2004 Sep 1;70(5):879-884. </ref>
18 KB (2,659 words) - 11:47, 21 February 2022
[[File:Alpha-synuclein.png|thumb|299x299px|α-syn|alt=]]
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a small [[Proteins|protein]] encoded by the SNCA gene
7 KB (971 words) - 13:45, 29 September 2022
..., Function & Anatomy | Body Maps www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/iliacus-muscle/male#1 (accessed 17 June 2018)</ref>
=== Anatomy<ref>Iliacus - UW Radiology https://rad.washington.edu/muscle-atlas/iliacus/ (accessed 18 june 2018)
9 KB (1,315 words) - 14:34, 15 June 2023
...assess the integrity of the hip joint. The test is used to screen for intra-articular hip pathologies including labral tears, ligamentous laxity, and im
=== Clinically Relevant Anatomy: ===
10 KB (1,544 words) - 00:57, 10 May 2024
* It is a low molecular weight oxygen-binding heme protein and is one of the most important proteins in the human
* It is mainly found in the [[Anatomy of the Human Heart|heart]] and [[Muscle|skeletal muscle]] cells, occurring
4 KB (587 words) - 11:26, 24 November 2021
...against foreign [[Immunoglobulins (Ig)|antigens]], immune tolerance to self-antigens, and immune surveillance on tumor cells<ref name=":0">Duah M, Li L,
...rough childhood, the thymus is active in the production and maturation of T-lymphocytes (T cells), whose job it is to protects the body from certain thr
7 KB (1,045 words) - 06:06, 2 August 2022
<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div>
...nt for the [https://members.physio-pedia.com/2020/03/15/coronavirus-disease-programme/ Coronavirus Free Online Course] which was launched on 15th March
7 KB (998 words) - 13:56, 7 December 2023
...vide several purposes<ref name="one">Martini FH, Nath, JL. Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. 8th ed. Pearson. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. 2009</re
...-2m<sup>2 </sup><ref name="One">Martini FH, Nath, JL. Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. 8th ed. Pearson. San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings. 2009</re
10 KB (1,368 words) - 05:22, 24 March 2022
...0">Lichtman DM, Wroten ES. Understanding Midcarpal Instability. Journal of Hand Surgery [AM]. 2006; 31A:491–498</ref><br><br>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
16 KB (2,201 words) - 11:08, 16 October 2023
.... The costoclavicular syndrome: a ‘new cause’. Ann Rheum Dis. 1986; 45: 916
-920.</ref> The brachial nerve plexus, subclavian artery and subclavian vein
...octtcr's syndrome): review of 320 Cases. Surg Gvnecol Obstet 1949 ; 88 : 89
-127</ref><div>
8 KB (1,221 words) - 20:01, 27 January 2023
'''Apraxia''' is a motor disorder caused by damage to the [[Brain Anatomy|brain]] (specifically the posterior [[Parietal Lobe|parietal]] cortex or [[
== Relevant Anatomy ==
15 KB (2,268 words) - 19:05, 11 July 2022
...arm and skin of lateral side of forearm.<ref name=":1">Chaurasia BD. Human Anatomy.6th ed. Vol1,CBS Publisers and distributors Pvt Ltd.</ref>
...Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2012. 346. Print. </ref>
4 KB (557 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
Many [[Lumbar Anatomy|lower back]] injuries come about as a result of poor lifting techniques, so
* Lifting heavy items is one of the leading causes of [[Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries and Prevention|injury in the workplace]].
4 KB (595 words) - 06:59, 24 April 2022
...s brachii muscle.] British journal of sports medicine. 2002 Dec 1;36(6):467-9.Available: https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/36/6/467<nowiki/>(accessed 30.12.2
...re] Available: https://www.orthobullets.com/shoulder-and-elbow/3071/triceps-rupture<nowiki/>(accessed 30.12.2021)</ref>.
14 KB (2,050 words) - 12:58, 2 January 2022
...Anatomy.tv. 2018 [cited 22 July 2019]. Available from: <nowiki>http://www.anatomy.tv/</nowiki></ref>
[[Image:Brachial-Plexus.png|thumb|The right brachial plexus with its short branches, viewed f
20 KB (2,786 words) - 00:15, 24 March 2024
...onal impairment and typically results from specific occupational and sports-related activities. Lateral epicondylitis, initially described by Morris as
The examiner resists extension of the 3rd digit of the hand, stressing the [[Extensor Digitorum Communis|extensor digitorum]] muscle an
4 KB (558 words) - 21:33, 31 January 2021
...tis|medial epicondylalgia]] or "golfer[https://medisavvy.com/reverse-cozens-test/ ’]s elbow".
Medial epicondylalgia is usually seen in those ages 35-55.<ref name=":0">Dutton M, Dutton's Orthopaedic Examination, Evaluation, an
6 KB (817 words) - 16:51, 31 January 2024
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
[[Image:Extensor retinaculum of hand Primal.png|thumb|right|300px|Courtesy of Primal Pictures]]
31 KB (4,793 words) - 09:57, 12 December 2022
...or evaluation of the elbow. British medical bulletin]. 2008 Jun 6;87(1):131-61.</ref> (MEPI) is an instrument used to test the limitations, caused by pa
...t for different conditions, An example would be when deciding the best post-operative treatment for example: the difference in prognosis between open an
7 KB (992 words) - 14:54, 10 January 2022
...neural tension test used to stress the femoral nerve and the mid lumbar (L2-L4) nerve roots. <ref>Magee DJ. Orthopedic physical assessment. Elsevie
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
11 KB (1,605 words) - 12:04, 17 January 2022
...ses of phalanx fractures, effective realignment can be achieved through non-surgical methods. Timely intervention is crucial to promote healing and rest
...of the hand (left hand) - animation01.gif|thumb|229x229px|Phalanges of the hand]]
18 KB (2,563 words) - 18:25, 7 December 2023
The serratus anterior (SA) is a fan-shaped muscle that originates on the superolateral surfaces of the first to
...f the gym Serratus anterior Available:https://www.kingofthegym.com/serratus-anterior/ (accessed 9.1.2022)</ref>.
10 KB (1,411 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Kristin_Sartore Kristin Sartore]
...carpal tunnel. Normal tissue pressure within the tunnel is approximately 3-7mm Hg. CTS can result in pressure with greater than 30mm Hg. [[File:Carpal
20 KB (2,727 words) - 14:25, 31 August 2023
...eport. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2010 Jun;40(6):361-8.</ref>
...that further limits thumb motion. <ref name="Ashurst" /><ref name="Gonzalez-Inglesias" />
21 KB (3,015 words) - 18:54, 18 October 2023
...he phenotypic spectrum of albinism]. Ophthalmology. 2018 Dec 1;125(12):1953-60.</ref> Melanin is a pigment that gives colour to the hair, skin and eyes.
...psychosocial factors. Anais brasileiros de dermatologia]. 2019 Dec 9;94:503-20.</ref>
11 KB (1,637 words) - 13:03, 17 January 2024
...vailable: https://musculoskeletalkey.com/physical-examination-of-the-lumbar-spine/ (acessed 20.11.2022)</ref>
...bar Spine Available;https://learnmuscles.com/blog/2017/08/30/motions-lumbar-spine/ (accessed 21.11.2022)</ref>
6 KB (885 words) - 18:20, 17 January 2023
...Flexion Angles of the Annular Ligament.] Orthop Surg. 2022 Nov;14(11):2837-2844.</ref> Therefore, any instability caused by injury to the elbow structu
...: adventitious, subcutaneous, [[Synovial Fluid Analysis|synovial]], and sub-muscular.
26 KB (3,866 words) - 11:42, 20 November 2023
...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/diane-merwarth// Diane Merwarth]<br>'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributor
'''Pseudo-Eschar:''' A thick gelatinous yellow or tan film that forms with silver sulf
14 KB (2,104 words) - 00:26, 7 June 2023
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
...e abducens-facialis-lahmung. Munchen Medizinische Wochenschrift. 1888;35:91-4.</ref>, with a further report in 1892<ref>Mobius PJ.
15 KB (2,154 words) - 17:18, 22 August 2023
...ic work and observations of lunate collapse<ref>Al Bayati MA, Muttar AY, Al-Khishali TJ, Al Bayati MM, Hameed BM. The outcome of treatment of Kienbock's
= Clinically Relevant Anatomy =
15 KB (2,164 words) - 20:04, 15 March 2022
...l and financial hardships, and greatly affecting quality of life ([[Quality-Adjusted Life Year|QOL]]). This page outlines the main issues arising from B
...nications among the ventral rami (roots) of the lower 4 cervical nerves (C5-C8) and the first thoracic nerve (T1).<br>The brachial plexus is responsible
22 KB (3,271 words) - 00:23, 10 March 2024
...rstanding of the treatment procedures, healing stages, clinically relevant anatomy and rehabilitation of these injuries is necessary for a satisfactory outcom
...he key features of flexor [[Tendon Anatomy|tendon]] injuries treatment and anatomy.
33 KB (5,046 words) - 03:24, 12 December 2022
...<ref name=":1">Jeans PL. [https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2017/206/3/murphys-sign Murphy’s sign]. Medical Journal of Australia. 2017 Feb;206(3):115–6
...upright in a seated position on deep inspiration and the second one 'hammer-stroke percussion', which he considered even better.
5 KB (681 words) - 13:13, 6 February 2024
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
The distal end of humerus comprises of both articular and non-articular structures. Non- articular structure comprises of the medial epico
23 KB (3,287 words) - 09:56, 6 May 2024
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==
...gy of the sesamoid bones]. International orthopaedics. 1987 May 1;11(2):141-7.</ref>.
9 KB (1,317 words) - 09:52, 14 August 2018
...Anatomy.tv. 2018 [cited 30 April 2018]. Available from: <nowiki>http://www.anatomy.tv/</nowiki></ref> . It also plays a main role providing knee stability. In
...: MR imaging with anatomic correlation. Skeletal Radiol. 2014 Jun;43(6):781-91</ref>:[[File:Coronal section of the knee joint 2 Primal.png|thumb|Distal
12 KB (1,726 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...s for treatment. VOL 69-B, No.2 1987. http://web.jbjs.org.uk/cgi/reprint/69-B/2/294.pdf (accessed 16 Nov 2010). </ref><sup>(B)</sup><br>
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy [[Image:Heleen fig1.jpg|right|350x250px|anatomical structure of the knee jo
15 KB (2,396 words) - 08:48, 4 February 2024
...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/loren-szmiga/ Loren Szmiga]
...production workers, material movers, and office administrative staff are at-risk occupations. Activities that involve excessive engagement of wrist flex
24 KB (3,435 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...and Their Benefits Available:https://allamericanswim.com/different-swimming-strokes (accessed 20.12.2021)</ref>.
...otions. Numerous muscles starting from the finger and ending in the [[Foot Anatomy|feet]] are in constant motion, creating and resisting forces in the process
9 KB (1,339 words) - 14:54, 10 January 2022
...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/ian-gatt/ Ian Gatt]<br>
...terature review. British journal of sports medicine. 2018 Oct 1;52(19):1253-60.</ref> and these injuries often involve several of the structures associa
21 KB (2,976 words) - 11:48, 18 August 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Mary-Jane Cole|Mary-Jane Cole]] and [[User:Joy Rendell|Joy Rendell]] as part of the [[World Phys
Amputation of the upper limb (UL) involves the loss of the hand and this can be especially challenging. The effect upon the person can be d
27 KB (3,999 words) - 13:17, 29 August 2020
