#REDIRECT [[Sacroiliac Compression Test]]
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...mpression Test or Median Compression Test or Durkan’s test is a diagnostic test for [[Carpal Tunnel Syndrome|carpal tunnel syndrome]].
'''Step 3.''' A positive test indicates any numbness, pain, or paresthesia in the distribution of [[Media
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The Passive Compression Test is a provocation test used to determine if there is a Superior Labral Anterior Posterior lesion.<
...rm while pushing it proximally and extending the shoulder. This results in compression of the superior labrum.<br>
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...the area of the supraclavicular fossa. <ref name=":0">Morley's compression test. Oxford Reference''.'' Available at: https://www.oxfordreference.com/vie
To perform the Brachial Plexus Compression Test, the patient is seated upright with the arms beside the body. The examiner
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...isease in case of doubtful diagnosis.<ref name=":0" /> [[Compression|Nerve compression syndrome]] is typically agitated when the middle third of the upper arm is
...e compressed by internal and external causes, resulting in a cervical root compression.
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*[[Crank Test]]
*[[Finkelstein Test]]
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...ih.gov/33054988/<nowiki/>(accessed 8.9.2021)</ref> The SCT is a diagnostic test for [[Carpal Tunnel Syndrome#share|carpal tunnel syndrome]] and [https://ww
'''Step 3.''' While in above position examiner applies scratch over the nerve compression area on affected elbow, then immediately repeat above step 2 (examiner appl
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The bounce home test is used to test the integrity of the menisci. <ref>Dutton M, Magee D, Hengeveld E, Banks K,
The test is '''positive''' if full extension of the knee is not complete or has a ru
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...stretching of the irritated PM, on the other hand provoking sciatic nerve compression.[<ref name="Shah">Shah S,Wang TW. Piriformis syndrome. eMedicine specialiti
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The scarf test, also known as the '''cross-body adduction test''', is used to assess the integrity of the [[Acromioclavicular Joint|acromi
The test is performed by passively bringing the patient's arm into 90 degrees of for
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...nown as the Linscheid Compression Test or Squeeze Test. This is a clinical test used to assess the integrity of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC
The starting position of the patient for the test is sitting position and then the examiner supports the metacarpal shafts wi
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This test is also called Morton's test and it is used to check for a [[Morton's Neuroma|Morton's neuroma]] in the
{{#ev:youtube|1ftsxWLQPJ8|300}}<ref>LearnMuscles.com. Morton's Test for Morton's Neuroma. Available from; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ftsx
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...C6 nerve roots. It is otherwise known as the shoulder abduction test. This test can be suggestive of cervical<ref>Schliesser JS, Kruse R, Fallon LF. [https
...case of a herniated [[Disc Herniation|disc pathology]], spinal nerve root compression, acute neck pain which could be neural related.
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'''Elbow Flexion Test''' is a neurological dysfunction test used to determine the [https://physio-pedia.com/Cubital_Tunnel_Syndrome#sha
...inical validity of the elbow flexion test for the diagnosis of ulnar nerve compression at the cubital tunnel. ''Acta Orthop Belg''. 1998;64(4):366-370.</ref>
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The purpose of O'Brien's Active Compression Test is to indicate potential labral ([[SLAP Lesion|SLAP Lesion]]) or acromiocla
...S, McGlynn SR, Wilson JB. The active compression test: A new and effective test for diagnosing labral tears and acromioclavicular joint abnormality. Am J S
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...radiculopathy (e.g. [[Disc Herniation|disc herniation]] causing nerve root compression).
...til the familiar pain occurs ([[Straight Leg Raise Test|Straight Leg Raise test/Lasegue's Sign]]). Subsequent, the leg is lowered just below the pain thres
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...etal assessment of the cervical spine when looking for cervical nerve root compression causing [[Cervical Radiculopathy]]<ref name="Konin et al">Konin JG, Wiksten
...cher R, Smorgick Y, Mirovsky Y. What is the best way to apply the Spurling test for cervical radiculopathy? Clin.Orthop.Relat.Res. 2012;470(9):2566-2572.
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The Cervical Distraction Test is a diagnostic test for the presence of [[Cervical Radiculopathy]].<ref name="Malange et al">Ma
== Test Position ==
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...e the lumbosacral nerve tension. It is also known as popliteal compression test or Posterior Tibial Nerve stretch sign.<ref>Das JM, Nadi M. [https://www.nc
...lly, examiner performs [[Straight Leg Raise Test|Straight Leg Raise ( SLR) test]] in which the examiner lifts the leg with the extended knee. Examiner rais
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'''Elbow Plica Impingement Test''' is used to determine the [[Plica Syndrome|plica syndrome]] or synovial f
==== Posterolateral radiocapitellar plica test ====
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...provocation tests gives valid evidence for sacroiliac dysfunction. <br>The test is also known as:
*Sacral compression test
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...int]] (SIJ) Compression Test or “Approximation Test” is a pain provocation test which stresses the [[Sacroiliac Joint|SIJ]] structures, in particular, the
Negative Test: No pain or pain other than patient's pain reproduction<br>
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...rature suggests that it is used alongside with the ankle external rotation test.<ref name=":0">de César PC, Ávila EM, de Abreu MR. [http://citeseerx.ist.
The squeeze test compresses the proximal fibula against the tibia to assess the integri
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...formed instead of or in addition to the [[Noble's test|Noble]] Compression Test when the patient complains of lateral knee pain and sometimes crepitus when
...g firm pressure (Renne 1975, Linenger 1992)<ref name=":1">Knee Orthopaedic Test - A Strategic Approach to Assessing the Knee; University of Western States,
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...the modified [[Ober's Test|Ober’s test]] and the [[Renne test|Renne Creak test]]. <ref name="Kasunich 2003">Kasunich NJ. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
....jpg|Iliotibial band|alt=|right|frameless]]Relevant anatomy related to the test is knowledge of the iliotibial band. It starts as the [https://www.physio-p
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...cutaneous branch of the median nerve (PCBMN) and the absence of common CTS test findings. The PCBMN branches off of the median nerve proximally to the carp
...ndrome]] (AIN Syndrome) is another disorder that can occur with anatomical compression at the elbow, similar to PTS. However, AIN Syndrome presents strictly as a
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...action test where a pain response indicates joint inflammation and volar compression of the first metacarpal base which also indicates joint inflammation<r
[[File:Grind test fig1.jpg|center|thumb|367x367px|https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P
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...acic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)]]. It is also known as the “elevated arm stress test” or "EAST".<br>
*In case of arterial compression: arm pallor with arm elevated, reactive hyperemia when limb is lowered
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...ac joint]]. It was developed by the orthopaedic physician James Mennell to test for [[Spondyloarthropathy--AS|spondyloarthropathy]] diseases such as [[Anky
...precise results this test was then further developed into the Three-Phases Test.
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...bmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/469603/ Hudgins WR. The crossed-straight-leg-raising test. New England Journal of Medicine. 1977;297(20):1127–.] </ref>.
...and is more specific than the [[Straight Leg Raise Test|straight leg raise test]]<ref>[https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD007431.p
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...u>Chronic pain management in the extremities</u>. In this technique, joint compression, muscular contraction or stretch is used as an the pain provoking stimuli a
...es). By chance I discovered that if I applied an acceptable pain producing compression force with movement for '''20 seconds''' the pain would often disappear or
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Resisted AC Joint Extension Test (or the AC Resisted Extension Test) is used to help identify acromioclavicular joint pathology in both traumat
#A positive test is pain at the AC joint
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To test for the likelihood of a patient with low back pain responding to a stabiliz
...the patient may hold table to maintain position) and posterior to anterior compression is applied again to the lumbar spine while the trunk musculature is contrac
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The posterior pelvic pain provocation test is a pain provocation test used to determine the presence of [[Sacroiliac Joint|sacroiliac dysfunction
The test is also known as:
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Tinel's test is used to test for compression neuropathy, commonly in diagnosing [[Carpal Tunnel Syndrome|carpal tunnel s
'''Positive test:''' The test is positive when a tingling or prickling sensation is felt in the distribut
4 KB (476 words) - 15:42, 23 May 2021
...o known as the quadrant test and extension-rotation test) is a provocative test useful for diagnosing pain related to [[Facet Joint Syndrome|facet joint pa
....<ref>Radiopedia Kemp Test Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/kemp-test?lang=gb (accessed 26.9.2022)</ref>
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This test also called labral crank test or compression rotation test is used to identify glenoid labral tears and assess an unstable superior la
...ated in the scapular plane. The test can be repeated in supine. A positive test is indicated during the maneuver (usually during external rotation) if ther
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.... 1929;178(2):237-243. </ref>,<ref>Asif M & Sarkar, P. Three-Digit Allen's Test. Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 2007; 84 (2):686-687. </ref>
...s since been adapted as the Modified Allen test (MAT). In Allen's original test, both hands were tested simultaneously by the examiner compressing one arte
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...njections with anesthetic. Magnetic resonance arthrography as a diagnostic test for acetabular labral tears has been shown to demonstrate 66%-71% sensitivi
...n=ongoing_internal#share Flexion-adduction-internal rotation test (FADDIR TEST)] ( [https://physio-pedia.com/Test_Diagnostics#share Sensitivity] 0.95 to 0
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...can be seen in suprascapular nerve compression in the spinoglenoid notch, compression of the nerve in the spinoglenoid notch is usually due to a ganglion cyst.<r
...degrees. Lateral rotation of the shoulder is done against resistance, the test is positive if there is pain or weakness. <ref>Maruvada S, Madrazo-Ibarra A
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Maudsley's test is used by clinicians to confirm the diagnosis of [[Lateral Epicondylitis]]
...e and tendon, while palpating the patient’s lateral epicondyle. A positive test is indicated by pain over the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.
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...Test for Blood Flow|radial artery]] and the deep branch of the [[The Allen Test for Blood Flow|ulnar artery.]]
* [[Brachial Plexus|brachial plexus]] compression
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...[[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome]] accompanied by compression of the subclavian artery by a cervical rib or tightened anterior and middle
The test can be performed with the patient in either sitting or standing with their
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The Champagne Toast Test or Sign is used to isolate the [[supraspinatus]].
...spine. It participates in shoulder abduction besides being involved in the compression of the humeral head against the glenoid as well as being considered one of
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...nerve-between-the-split-tendon-of-brachioradialis-muscle-A-case-report.pdf Compression of radial nerve between the split tendon of brachioradialis muscle: a case
...ttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363502309008764 Unusual compression neuropathies of the forearm, part I: radial nerve]. The Journal of hand sur
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Repeat each test 3 times and calculate an average. Calibrate equipment at least annually<ref
...ww.youtube.com/watch?v=_UPRomXnw-k|width}}<ref>kuhealthprofessionals Pinch test Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_UPRomXnw-k (last accessed
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...the presence of sacroiliac joint region dysfunction using a combination of test: a multicenter intertester reliability study.” , 2002. Journal of the ame
...bility of physical therapists to palpate intrapelvic motion with the stork test on the support side.”, Journal of American Physical therapy Association,
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* [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic outlet syndrome]] due to compression of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus or subclavian artery.
* Compression of the [[Brachial Plexus|brachial plexus]] may be identified by weakness of
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To test for [[Carpal Tunnel Syndrome|carpal tunnel syndrome]] (CTS)
The phalen’s test is a provocative test used in the diagnosis of [[Carpal Tunnel Syndrome|CTS]]. This occurs when t
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...ntice Hall; 2008.</ref>. This test is not to be confused with the quadrant test for the lumbar spine.<ref name="p6">Lyle MA, Manes S, McGuinness M, Ziaei S
...Evidence level: 5 grade of recommendation: F</ref><ref name=":1" />. This test is also capable to detect early hip degeneration.<ref name="p5">Manning C,
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==== 1. Standard Test - Schaeffer's Test ====
* The first test developed in 1909
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...]</ref>. The test is performed in conjunction with the Apley's distraction test.
...m, provocative tests, including Apley's Grind test and Apley's Distraction test, alongside advanced imaging such as MRI. Diagnosis of meniscal injuries can
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...the first rib and the clavicle. The neurovascular bundle is vulnerable to compression in this space.<ref name="p2" />
...nd fatigueability of the arms as they stood at attention.The mechanisms of compression involved downward movement of the clavicle against the first rib with a res
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...therapist to prevent both side bending and rotation of the segment. Slight compression is applied through the crown of the head to facilitate atlanto-occipital si
...linical testing. Man Ther. 1995;27:19–32.</ref>. For a side-bending stress test to be considered positive for an alar ligament lesion, excessive movement i
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...en bilaterally contracted and lateral flexion upon unilateral contraction, compression causes increase in the intraabdominal pressure<ref name=":0" />
{{#ev:youtube|v=KAX_CT98yKs|300}}<ref>MMT Manual muscle test internal and external obliques Dr. Bryan - Physical Therapist.. Available f
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...st used in combination with other specific tests. A synonym is the Vorlauf test.
...ons. Inter-examiner and intra-examiner reliability of the standing flexion test. Manual Therapy (1999); 4(2), 87-93fckLRLevel of evidence: C</ref> Some aut
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...urely sensory, purely motor or both depending on the location of the nerve compression.<ref name=":0">Aleksenko D, Varacallo M. [https://www.statpearls.com/articl
Injury to the distal ulnar nerve can be due to compression, trauma, inflammation or vascular insufficiency.
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Nerve compression syndrome, compression neuropathy, nerve entrapment, or a "pinched" peripheral nerve. <br>
...ss of function (motor and/or sensory) of the nerves as a result of chronic compression. To adequately diagnose a nerve entrapment, it is important to know the neu
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...the two heads of the pronator teres (83% of arms) where it is at risk for compression.<ref name=":1">Doyle, J. Surgical Anatomy of the Hand and Upper Extremity.
...s), and likely pain with resisted pronation. The [[Pronator Teres Syndrome Test]] would likely be positive. In addition, there may be history of repetitive
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...lar Canal Scheme Al-Redouan.png|thumb|Common sites for suprascapular nerve compression]]
Compression neuropathy resulting from [[nerve entrapment]] is the most common cause of
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...f the Achilles tendon by squeezing the calf. It is performed as a clinical test to identify the presence of a complete [[Achilles Rupture|Achilles rupture]
...y JH. Spontaneous rupture of tendon of Achilles: a new clinical diagnostic test. J Trauma. 1962 Mar;2:126-9.</ref>
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...ug;8(4):427.</ref> Reproduction of pain, and weakness during these special test were considered clinically diagnostic.
...n high sensitivity or specificity; and as a result combination of tests or test clusters, often referred to as [[Clinical Prediction Rules|clinical predict
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...ssed by the brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus tendon. The compression on the radial nerve increases with forearm pronation. It results in sensory
The brachioradialis tendon is used clinically to test C6 spinal nerve root. Which is affected in C5-C6 disc herniation.<ref name=
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...me=":1" /> Due to increased pain and swelling acutely, the anterior drawer test has been found to have a markedly increased sensitivity when performed 4 to
...foot in plantar flexion to evaluate the integrity of the ATFL. A positive test result is 5° to 10° of increased inversion as compared with the non-injur
9 KB (1,360 words) - 11:45, 3 August 2022
...he [[Ankle Joint|ankle]]. Anterior ankle impingement syndrome results from compression of structures during dorsiflexion at the anterior margin of the tibiotalar
Positive Test: Pain reproduced from combined movement with thumb pressure and
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...iagnostic tool used in the assessment of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain. This test battery consists of 4 (or 5) tests designed to diagnose nociception in the
<br> Test Item Cluster (TIC) is a group of special tests which are developed to facil
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...st used to assess load transference through the pelvis. It is an important test in diagnosing [[Recognising Pelvic Girdle Pain|Pelvic Girdle Pain]] (PGP).<
The aSLR test is considered positive when it elicits pain in the lumbo-pelvic region or i
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...dinburgh, 1994, Churchill Livingstone.</ref> and hence also known as Elvey test but most commonly called ULTT. The ULTT's are equivalent to the straight le
...rvical spine ]]ULTT are performed to assess peripheral nerve mobility and compression or as a part of [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Neurodynamic_Assessment neur
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...b Tension Tests (ULTTs) are also known as Brachial Plexus Tension or Elvey Test.<ref name="magee">Magee DJ.Orthopaedic physical assessment.5th edition.Else
These tension tests are performed to check the peripheral nerve compression or as a part of neurodynamic assessment. The main reason for using a ULTT i
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..., [[Sacroiliac Compression Test|Compression Test]] and the [[Sacral Thrust Test]].<ref name="laslett 2005">Laslett M, Aprill CN, McDonald B, Young SB. [htt
...k, NY: McGraw Hill Companies. 2008:523-4.</ref> This test is often used to test for [[spondyloarthritis]], sciatica, or other forms of [[Rheumatoid Arthrit
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There is no specific test for the DRUL but several physical exams testing the TFCC can possibly indic
* '''[[Carpal Compression Test|TFCC compression test]]''': Pain is reproduced with ulnar deviation whilst forearm is in the neu
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[[The Allen Test for Blood Flow|'''Allen's test''']] for suspected ulceration.
'''Laboratory tests,''' as there is not any specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of this disease but the laboratory tests are done to exc
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...com/doi/abs/10.1177/107110070102200414 The passive axial compression (PAC) test: A new adjunctive provocative maneuver for the clinical diagnosis of halluc
...ect of the first metatarsophalangeal joint are in a relaxed position. This test is helpful for the physiotherapist to perform his diagnosis of sesamoiditis
9 KB (1,317 words) - 09:52, 14 August 2018
...J Med Spec 2010; 1(1):44-45</ref> should be followed while performing this test:
{{#ev:youtube|q_4gpNizwPg}}<ref>CRTechnologies. Hoffmann's Sign Test (CR). Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_4gpNizwPg (accessed
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* [[Ulnar Nerve Entrapment|Ulna nerve compression]] signs and symptoms - usually sensory<ref name=":2" />.
Athletes may also present for ulnar nerve compression symptoms, which are usually sensory<ref name=":2" />. <br>
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A test is positive if one or more of the following is found:
...neurological tissues as well as their sensitivity to mechanical stress or compression. These tests, along with relevant history and decreased range of motion, ar
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...ases of AIN syndrome arise secondary to transient neuritis, although nerve compression and trauma are known etiologies as well. <ref name=":0" />
...ndrome, and compression neuropathy. The most common site of AIN entrapment/compression is the tendinous edge of the deep head of the pronator teres muscle. Rheum
10 KB (1,460 words) - 09:50, 21 June 2021
*[[Lachman Test|Lachman's Test]]
*[[Anterior Drawer Test of the Knee|Anterior drawer]]
12 KB (1,651 words) - 11:13, 16 November 2023
...vocal syndrome, is a rare condition that causes hoarseness of voice due to compression or traction of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) by a cardiovascular
* Exercise stress test
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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is assessed using Adam’s forward bend test<ref name=":5">Alves VLDS, Avanzi O. [https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220162
==== '''Spinal Compression''' ====
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* Compression
...e treatment plane in both assessment and treatment. Translatoric traction, compression and gliding joint play movements are applied to assess joint function and t
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* Fracture/Dislocation (Positive Elbow Extension Test)
The goal in performing functional test is to obtain and quantify an asterisk sign to assess and reassess after int
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...m_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal#share compression of the posterior interosseous nerve] at the level of the proximal forearm.
...superficial supinator. Structures within the radial tunnel that can cause compression of the DBRN include, proximally,
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...:72–81. </ref> See the video below for a demonstration of the Sharp-Purser Test.
...outube| j_qFxxCq7fY|300}}<ref>The Student Physical Therapist. Sharp-Purser Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_qFxxCq7fY [last accessed
19 KB (2,698 words) - 12:04, 19 March 2024
...SF): caused by repetitive loading of the femoral neck that leads to either compression side (inferior-medial neck) or tension side (superior-lateral neck) stress
...e attempted for patients without a visible fracture line on radiographs in compression type injuries. This injury is common in runners.
12 KB (1,695 words) - 09:58, 10 May 2024
...of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 2003; 19(8): 850–854. (1B)</ref> The test can be used if pain is localised to either the medial or lateral aspect of
...uted in a sitting position, with the knee in a flexed position of 90°. The test can be executed for the lateral border of the knee (lateral meniscus) and f
16 KB (2,455 words) - 18:42, 24 May 2022
...ev:youtube|gFM25GC-Llc|250}} <ref>Physical Therapy Nation. Reagan's Ballot Test. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFM25GC-Llc [last accessed
...Examine for pain, laxity, and crepitus, which are positive signs for this test. <ref name="(1)" />
9 KB (1,335 words) - 18:12, 25 April 2024
...-pedia.com/Lumbar_Radiculopathy Lumbar radiculopathy] is usually caused by compression of a lumbar nerve root, resulting in symptoms which radiate down the legs.
The primary cause of lumbar radiculopathy is compression of the nerve root.<ref>Amjad F, Mohseni-Bandpei MA, Gilani SA, Ahmad A, Han
16 KB (2,431 words) - 01:38, 27 February 2024
<br>The patellofemoral joint is exposed to high compression forces.<ref name=":0" />
Compression forces at the patellofemoral joint:<ref name="p1" />
19 KB (2,822 words) - 12:14, 20 November 2023
...establish this test<ref name=":2">Camino GO, Piuzzi NS. Straight Leg Raise Test [Internet]. Nih.gov. StatPearls Publishing; 2019. Available from: <nowiki>h
This test places tensile stresses on the [[Sciatic Nerve|sciatic nerve]] and of tract
15 KB (2,227 words) - 22:08, 21 March 2023
* Were any diagnostic test/imaging performed and what were the results?
* Hypothenar Eminance (3 muscles of little finger, Atrophy with ulnar nerve compression)
12 KB (1,621 words) - 02:26, 28 January 2023
...be evident but it may appear normal in radiographs and the scaphoid shift test will either cause a “clunking” sound or it will be painful to the patie
...ium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal#share Scaphoid Shift Test (Watson Test)] ===
13 KB (1,833 words) - 11:55, 21 September 2022
...itive test indicates ulnar nerve neuropathy but does not determine site of compression (Guyon’s canal, cubital tunnel, arcade of Struthers).
...squeeze the little finger to the remainder of the hand indicates positive test for ulnar neuropathy.
8 KB (1,232 words) - 13:57, 10 September 2021
...ysio-pedia.com/Radiculopathy Radiculopathy] typically is a mechanical root compression , most commonly caused by:
Other possible causes of mechanical root compression are a [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Skeletal_Metastases metastatic tumor], t
10 KB (1,299 words) - 12:41, 25 April 2020
...ion, which is caused by repeated energy storage and release with excessive compression. Over time, if untreated, a tendinopathy can lead to sudden injury and rupt
Your health care professional may also want to test you range of motion, strength, and flexibility where there is suspected ten
9 KB (1,455 words) - 07:07, 18 June 2022
...xtrinsic muscles, intrinsic muscle injuries are yet relevant. Median nerve compression at carpal's tunnel will affect the muscles of the thenar compartment. Blunt
...ulnar nerve is involved. Cyclist are prone to this kind [[Cyclist's palsy|compression]].
12 KB (1,871 words) - 14:47, 24 June 2023
* Compression of the fibula head during surgery e.g. tourniquet<ref name=":1" />
==Common Peroneal Tension Test==
10 KB (1,509 words) - 06:14, 30 March 2022
...activities.<ref>Jacobson G, Newman C, Hunter L, Balzer G. Balance function test correlates of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory. J Am Acad Audiol. 1991;2:25
Peripheral Neuropathies (chemotherapy induced), Anesthesia/Dysesthesias (with compression or surgical dissection of nerves), Motor Function Loss and Radiation Plexop
11 KB (1,414 words) - 23:21, 26 November 2023
== Pre-Test ==
...Run Forever Sports. Available from https://runforeversports.com/pages/foot-compression-sleeves-sizing [last accessed 05/11/2020]
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...30mm Hg. [[File:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.png|300x300px|Fig.1 Median nerve compression.|right|frameless]]
...ndrome results from increased pressure in the carpal tunnel and subsequent compression of the median nerve. The most common causes of carpal tunnel syndrome incl
20 KB (2,727 words) - 14:25, 31 August 2023
...eurological injury can be the result of mechanical trauma causing stretch, compression or transection of the nerve tissue. Additionally, a compromise of the blood
...oot drop]] occurs mostly in short women and is caused by lumbosacral trunk compression by the fetal head at the pelvic brim primary pathology being predominantly
9 KB (1,269 words) - 11:09, 22 August 2022
...ence of a direct blow over the hypothenar eminence or a strong dorsopalmar compression<ref name=":0" />.
* Pull test: in the hook of the hamate fractures, active flexion of distal interphalan
12 KB (1,793 words) - 15:46, 31 May 2022
* Dorsoplantar drawer test (Thompson and Hamilton)<ref name="p6">Thompson FM, Hamilton WG – Problems
...}}<ref>Ian Reilly Podsurgeon.Video - Lachman's Test (dorsal plantar drawer test) for unstable toe. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUavaVTO
10 KB (1,477 words) - 16:23, 14 May 2024
...th pain as well as increased carbs movement when performing a Varus Stress Test.<ref name=":0" />
...ity indicates an isolated LCL injury while continued gapping is a positive test for LCL and PLC injury.
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...ining, transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS), pneumatic compression devices (PCDs), light therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
...symptoms, medical history and family history, a physical examination, and test results. <ref name=":2" />
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...be any neurologic deficit related to the spinal cord. It is usually due to compression of the spinal cord by osteophyte or extruded disc material. It is most comm
...Calcification of ligamentum flavum<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><br>• Compression due to extradural mass (Spinal tumours)<ref name=":0" /><br>• Posttraumat
22 KB (3,204 words) - 14:53, 20 November 2023
...ates three arches the provide efficient weight distribution while avoiding compression of plantar neuro-vascular structures. The three arches, [https://physio-ped
{{#ev:youtube|Z4rvAT3a7OY|300}}<ref>CRTecnologies. Anterior Drawer Test Ankle. Available from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4rvAT3a7OY [last acc
12 KB (1,693 words) - 09:30, 1 June 2022
* '''[[Kleiger's Test|Dorsiflexion External Rotation Stress Test (Kleiger's Test)]]'''
** The test is positive with pain present over the distal tibia and fibula<ref name=":3
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*Tenderness on medial and lateral heel compression.<ref name=":3" />
...ive dorsiflexion test of the ankle: shows a decrease in dorsiflexion. This test may also provoke a painful reaction.
12 KB (1,659 words) - 16:34, 10 August 2023
...the patient should receive an [[Ankle-Brachial Index|ankle-brachial index test]] (ABI).<ref name=":0" /> It assesses the severity of arterial insufficien
!'''Test example'''
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* [[Standing Flexion Test|Standing flexion test]]
* [[Seated Flexion Test|Seated flexion test]]
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...ion or [[Neuropathies|neuropathy]]), can occur from an injury or prolonged compression. Typically, damage and dysfunction of the femoral nerve are associated with
...staples. Ischaemic damage arises from restricted blood flow, often due to compression. Heat damage, from the heat released during hip prosthesis cementing, that
11 KB (1,600 words) - 23:53, 22 December 2023
...n the posterior side, allowing the sacrum to resist shearing from vertical compression<ref name=":0">A. Vleeming; The sacroiliac joint: an overview of its anatomy
* [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Trendelenburg_Test Trendelenburg test] is usually negative
11 KB (1,507 words) - 22:14, 13 June 2020
...ion is smaller compared to the cervical and lumbar region. Hence, a slight compression will lead to symptoms<ref name=":3" />.
* Myelopathy (injury to the spinal cord due to severe compression)
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...e metastasis involving the fibular head can be other contributing factors. Compression of the fibula head during surgery e.g. tourniquet<ref name=":0" />
Sciatic nerve compression between the two heads of the piriformis muscle leading to foot drop has bee
14 KB (2,092 words) - 12:46, 12 December 2022
...":10" />. Pain to palpation over the dorsal-radial wrist, [[scaphoid shift test]], and plain radiographs can indicate injury to this region<ref name=":10"
* After palpation, you should test each articulation in search of pain, abnormal motion or crepitus. The physi
19 KB (2,902 words) - 19:54, 27 December 2021
* The term ‘thoracic outlet syndrome’ describes compression of the neurovascular structures as they exit through the thoracic outlet (c
...t rib (which can cause overlapping) can cause a narrow space and therefore compression. The [[Brachial Plexus|brachial plexus]] and the subclavian artery pass thr
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...f either severe trauma or pathologic weakening of the bone, see image R L4 compression fracture.
...lexandru, Daniela, and William So. "Evaluation and management of vertebral compression fractures." Permanente Journal 16.4 (2012). (Level of evidence: 2A)</ref>
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...- An injection of steroids into the sacroiliac joint is both a diagnostic test (if it relieves pain) and a treatment<ref name=":1" />
[[File:FABERs test.jpg|right|frameless]]
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...me is often a mixed syndrome caused by spondylogenic irritation and actual compression. <ref name="Rickenbacher">Rickenbacher J, Landolt AM, Theiler K. Appli
#irritation or compression of the vertebral artery
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* [[Guyon Canal Syndrome|Guyon canal syndrome]]- compression of the distal [[Ulnar Nerve|ulnar nerve]] at the level of the wrist as it e
The upper limb neurodynamic test for the ulnar nerve (ULNT3) is performed with the patient in supine. The jo
8 KB (1,117 words) - 12:04, 19 March 2024
* Single-leg hop test: This test assesses the ability of the semitendinosus muscle to generate power during
* Nordic hamstring curl test: This test assesses the eccentric strength of the hamstrings, including the semitendin
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Carpal tunnel syndrome is an entrapment or compression of the [[Median Nerve|median nerve]] at the wrist as it passes through the
Increased pressure in the carpal tunnel and compression of the median nerve is the main cause of carpal tunnel syndrome. The aetiol
24 KB (3,435 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...inflammation of soft tissue, muscle spasms, or both, with resulting nerve compression.
...limb, lower back and pelvic regions <ref name="p0" />. This can result in compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve. <ref name="Tonley" /><ref name="Klein"
29 KB (4,214 words) - 16:07, 23 October 2023
* Lumbo-sacral plexus - this suffers compression during the obstruction, resulting in lower limb neurological deficiencies,
* Peroneal nerve compression - caused by prolonged squatting during labour and result in foot drop
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* Mechanical compression or functional impairment which reduces flow in the veins (eg [[Oncology|neo
[[Homan's Sign Test|Homan's Sign]]
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...lateral region which hurts even more by full knee extension and because of compression against the femoral condyle, there can be local tenderness. Most of these s
...rior]]-[[Posterior Drawer Test (Knee)|posterior]] drawer test and traction test is necessary to evaluate the cruciate ligaments, collateral ligaments, and
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Posterior interosseous nerve syndrome is a neuropathic compression of the posterior interosseous nerve where it passes through the radial tunn
...ssels.<ref name=":2">Cha J, York B, Tawfik J. Posterior interosseous nerve compression. Eplasty 2014;14.</ref>
24 KB (3,324 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...trigonum syndrome can also be named the symptomatic os trigonum, the talar compression syndrome or posterior tibial talar impingement syndrome.<ref name="p5">D. K
...ointe” or “demi-pointe” position, as well as by running downhill, produces compression on the posterior aspect of the ankle joint. In cause of a trauma, the os tr
10 KB (1,455 words) - 18:29, 16 July 2021
...s usually used both as an initial diagnosis parameter, and as a monitoring test to check the prescribed medication levels.
...<ref name=":1" /> This condition can be tested for with the [[Homan's Sign Test]].
10 KB (1,428 words) - 03:09, 19 July 2022
...uce excess hormones. They may grow and cause symptoms due to their size or compression on nearby structures rather than hormone overproduction.<ref name=":0" />
...ent the pituitary gland from producing adequate amounts of hormones due to compression or damage to hormone-producing cells. This can result in hormone deficienci
15 KB (2,117 words) - 03:57, 28 November 2023
...h a shoulder dislocations history (i.e. shoulder instability) humeral head compression fractures are present in most cases.<ref name="fuller" />
...looking at the percentage of the defect of humeral head involvement in the compression fracture.<ref name="cetik">Cetik O, Uslu M, Ozsar BK. [http://citeseerx.ist
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* Lasegue sign (or Straight Leg Raise test)<ref>Suri P, Rainville J, Katz JN, Jouve C, Hartigan C, Limke J, Pena E, Li
* Inverted lasegue sign (or Cross Straight Leg Raise test)
21 KB (2,879 words) - 21:16, 30 October 2022
...ut root compression, Disc lesions with root compression, Disc lesions with compression of spinal cord or cauda equina, Osteoarthrosis of the apophyseal joint, Hyp
...area produces considerable intervertebral movement. It may be necessary to test the muscle isometrically in different positions of the joint range and to c
12 KB (1,649 words) - 22:08, 19 June 2023
...nful or progressive [[Osteoporosis|osteoporotic]] and osteolytic vertebral compression fractures that do not compromise the [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal canal]] b
...the spinal kyphosis<ref name="null">EMedicine Nonop treatment of vertebral compression fractures.http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/325872-treatment#TreatmentO
15 KB (2,177 words) - 01:11, 29 June 2020
...aused by a traumatic injury (pressure, stretching or cutting), rather than compression or irritation of the nerve. Please read our [[Sciatic Nerve Injury|sciatic
*'''Lasègue’s test'''
16 KB (2,365 words) - 11:40, 26 April 2023
* [[Cervical Flexion-Rotation Test|flexion rotation test]]
* active cervical flexion test
17 KB (2,457 words) - 17:55, 28 February 2024
...The%20Spurling%20test%20is%20a,top%20of%20the%20patient's%20head. Spurling test.]
#[https://www.physio-pedia.com/Cervical_Distraction_Test Distraction test].
13 KB (1,759 words) - 14:43, 29 June 2023
...hysical examination: A combination of two sensitive tests and one specific test is useful to diagnose a SLAP lesion<ref name=":5" />.
...Compression rotation test; [[O'Briens Test|O’Briens test]]; [[Apprehension Test]]
13 KB (1,831 words) - 07:12, 11 January 2023
...Y0khIObyaoDKSpgaSp2w__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA Normal anatomy and compression areas of nerves of the foot and ankle: US and MR imaging with anatomic corr
* There is a positive Phalen’s test (invert and plantarflex the foot passively). This compresses the nerve due
6 KB (844 words) - 20:02, 13 March 2023
...sts''' such as the [[Peroneus longus and brevis tests|peroneal compression test]] should be performed to assess pain, crepitus, and “popping” at the po
5 KB (784 words) - 17:20, 21 April 2023
...sacroiliac joint dysfunction]. Biomed Mater Eng. 2022 Dec 8. </ref> Pelvic compression belts or sacroiliac belts are being used in the rehabilitation of people wi
...ng. 2018 Jan;27(1-2):e129-37.</ref> The mechanism by which external pelvic compression exerts any changes is still unclear.<ref name=":0" /> Soisson et al.<ref na
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...ed by bleeding within the iliacus muscle leading to hematoma formation and compression upon the femoral nerve, causing both sensory and motor deficits.Iliac hemat
==== Muscle length test ====
9 KB (1,315 words) - 14:34, 15 June 2023
* Repeat the test 3 times starting with the non-painful side before moving on to the other ha
...ting). Some people might be able to generate a high number on the strength test, but this number may then lower due to fatigue, Alternatively, they may tak
12 KB (1,677 words) - 18:51, 17 January 2023
...vicobrachial syndrome can also be the result of neurogenic and/or vascular compression in the thoracic outlet. In this case, the brachial plexus, subclavian arter
...syndrome]] we can determine verifiable vascular compression or neurologic compression but in contrast to thoracic outlet syndrome, cervicobrachial syndrome has s
23 KB (3,428 words) - 18:14, 23 April 2021
...k stiffness, headaches and pain radiating in the arms. Serious spinal cord compression might present as weakness, paresthesia or even paralysis in one or all limb
...ateral displacement test, upper cervical flexion test and the Sharp Perser test should be performed to specify the instability<ref name="Mintken">Mintken,
12 KB (1,876 words) - 21:45, 20 October 2020
== Special Test ==
...he quadriceps is contracted with the knee flexed to 90° (quadriceps active test), anteroposterior instability of the knee is noted<ref name=":3" />.
10 KB (1,534 words) - 19:35, 31 October 2019
...is thicker at the periphery and provides the foundation for the concavity-compression effect of [[Rotator Cuff]] Muscles.
*[[Neers Test]]
24 KB (3,369 words) - 17:22, 15 January 2024
...d of the gluteus maximus causes the leg to decelerate, generating tension (compression) in the iliotibial band.<ref name="Van der worp Maarten et al.">van der Wor
*[[Renne test|Renne test]]<br>
26 KB (3,940 words) - 13:48, 10 May 2024
...://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ivGqC0te6uA Cotton test], and the crossover leg test, can also be used. But in order to find out if these tests are good, they m
...st<br>2. Squeeze test<br>3. Dorsiflexion compression test<br>4. Heel thump test
24 KB (3,742 words) - 01:39, 31 August 2019
Cervical [[myelopathy]] is a condition involving compression of the [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]] at the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervic
...vical myelopathy varies in accordance with the severity of the spinal cord compression as well as its location.Without treatment, patients may progress toward sig
30 KB (4,201 words) - 11:40, 15 November 2023
Ostechondritis of the humeral capitellum is secondary to repetitive compression forces between radial head and capitellum.
...ession test: full extension with active pronation and supination. Positive test will reproduce lateral pain<ref name="Steven" />
17 KB (2,340 words) - 17:18, 12 January 2022
...nnel Syndrome]) and wrist (Guyon's Canal Syndrome) occur due to repetitive compression, from leaning on the elbows or wrists ([https://www.physio-pedia.com/Cyclis
The incidence of trauma leading to ulnar nerve compression is unknown; however ulnar neuropathy has been documented after distal humer
12 KB (1,755 words) - 14:27, 12 April 2021
Radiculopathy is a mechanical compression of a nerve root usually at the exit foramen or lateral recess. It may
...down the arm. In the case of lumbar radiculopathy, a [[Straight Leg Raise Test|Straight leg raise (SLR)]] maneuver may exacerbate symptoms. Deep tendon r
16 KB (2,204 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...s best elicited utilizing the [https://physio-pedia.com/Ober%27s_Test Ober Test, see here]
...um into the patella could cause lateral patella tracking, patella tilt and compression. <ref>Hudson Z, Darthuy E. Iliotibial band tightness and patellofemoral pai
6 KB (857 words) - 02:00, 28 December 2021
...ar Nerve Entrapment|ulnar nerve entrapment]] and is the second most common compression neuropathy in the upper extremity after carpal tunnel syndrome.<ref name="P
...Antoniadis G, Bischoff C. Carpal and cubital tunnel and other, rarer nerve compression syndromes. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2015;112(1-2):14-25; quiz 26.</ref>
38 KB (5,582 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...daily living) who have severe reduction in postural control may experience compression of internal organs due to soft tissue contractures and asymmetrical posture
*[[Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)|Timed Up and Go]]
9 KB (1,275 words) - 10:28, 2 November 2023
...et Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic outlet syndrome]] (TOS) is characterized by the compression of neurovascular structures as they pass through the thoracic outlet, leadi
...spaces. Anatomical abnormalities and acquired conditions contribute to the compression of these structures, leading to the development of TOS.
18 KB (2,514 words) - 17:40, 10 May 2024
...ref>Hip abduction and extension aggravate the pain, and [[Adductor Squeeze Test|resisted adduction]] does not elicit pain. Conservative treatment includes
* Compression during pregnancy
9 KB (1,182 words) - 12:43, 18 January 2022
* Finger-to-nose test - The shoulder is abducted to 90<sup>o</sup> with the elbow extended, the p
* Finger-to-finger test - Both shoulders are abducted to bring both the elbow extended, the patient
17 KB (2,420 words) - 07:24, 1 April 2022
...is contraindicated for pregnant patients and patients with positive stress test, 45 or older in men and 55 or older in women<ref name=":2" />.
...trigger orthostatic hypotension such as diuretics and vasodilators and use compression stockings in order to improve venous return<ref>Figueroa JJ, Basford JR, Lo
13 KB (1,808 words) - 09:27, 4 May 2024
...e just above the patella, then asks to contract their quad forcefully. The test is positive if there is pain or grinding.
# [[Spurling's Test|Compression Test]]<ref>http://www.slideshare.net/JLS10/kin191-ach6kneepatellofemoralevaluati
12 KB (1,706 words) - 11:28, 28 February 2022
...by compression of the nerve roots which exit the spine, levels L1- S4. The compression can result in tingling, radiating pain, numbness, paraesthesia, and occasio
* Herniated disc with nerve root compression causes 90% of radiculopathy <ref name="p1" />
28 KB (4,188 words) - 11:24, 28 August 2023
...as gait progressed. Time improved by 3 seconds by discharge. 6 Minute Walk test was also performed at this time (no wounds on L foot) and improved by 1 min
...post op over top of light Primapore dressing. Progressed to fit Juzo sock compression at day 1 post op just prior to discharge home. Education to keep stump elev
15 KB (2,382 words) - 18:53, 11 April 2020
...ndopathy at the ischium but there may also be involvement of sciatic nerve compression. The pain in hamstring syndrome radiates down the posterior thigh or poplit
==== Knee extension test ====
12 KB (1,726 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...ello J, Fuller J. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6696630/ Adductor canal compression syndrome.] Archives of Surgery. 1984 Mar 1;119(3):345-6.Available: https://
Test: Adduction of the underneath extremity from the table without rotation, fl
12 KB (1,751 words) - 19:59, 7 January 2024
...the presence of a positive cranial drawer test and / or tibial compression test.
The cranial drawer test is performed as follows (when the dog is positioned in lateral recumbency):
25 KB (3,668 words) - 11:26, 18 August 2022
...ues/modalities for phantom pain including relaxation, massage, percussion, compression, exercise. These interventions were also used to desensitize the residual l
*Timed up and go test (TUGT) for assessing the risk of falling (Shumway-Cook 2000).
12 KB (1,694 words) - 18:53, 11 April 2020
'''How should we assess and test for muscle length?'''
...clinical exams: [[Sit and Reach Test|sit-and-reach]], [[Straight Leg Raise Test|straight leg raise]]
18 KB (2,769 words) - 14:42, 24 October 2023
* '''[[The Allen Test for Blood Flow|Modified Allen test]]''': used to assess the patency of the radial and ulnar arteries<ref name=
** the examiner releases the compression on one artery and notes the time taken for the skin to return to its usual
28 KB (4,117 words) - 12:27, 28 April 2024
* Less common causes - [[Ribs|Rib]] or [[Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures|compression fractures]], [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|thoracic outlet syndrome]] an
...ted by a cough, sneeze, deep breath, movement of the trunk, palpation, and compression.<ref>Hamberg J, Lindahl O. [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111
25 KB (3,520 words) - 00:01, 11 December 2020
...an judgment consistent with cancer (+ 12.1) offered the best shift in post test probability of cancer being present. Conversely, a patient younger than 50
| '''Post Test Probability given 1% pre test probability'''
25 KB (3,531 words) - 13:40, 9 September 2021
Deep buttocks pain can arise from compression, inflammation, or injury of one or more of the structures in this area.<ref
The long stride walking test (walking with large steps) has a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 82
23 KB (3,243 words) - 00:21, 31 October 2022
...E21A4059A52AEE03C4F89&originRegion=eu-west-1&originCreation=20220501042530 Compression syndromes of the popliteal neurovascular bundle due to Baker cyst. Journal
...mptoms of a meniscal tear which can be tested by [[McMurrays Test|McMurray test]].
22 KB (3,375 words) - 14:56, 2 May 2022
...reased risk of development of [[Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures|vertebral compression fractures]]
*[[Tragus to Wall Test|Tragus to wall]]
19 KB (2,697 words) - 04:41, 21 November 2022
* Entrapment or mechanical compression<ref name=":10">Jain S, Mannan K. The diagnosis and management of Morton's n
...and palpates the tender area. The aggravation of pain indicates a positive test.
21 KB (3,008 words) - 18:25, 9 January 2024
...athology is still poorly understand, it is believed that “infection, nerve compression and autoimmunity” can all play a role <ref name=":0">Eviston, T. J., Crox
...an be used to diagnose Lyme disease <ref name=":2" />. The results of this test was negative. (Assessed at the hospital)
24 KB (3,702 words) - 00:29, 24 October 2020
Repetitive shearing, axial load, and disc compression is believed to be related to the development of fissure, this leads to vert
...ting, driving, twisting, flexion, coughing, and [[Valsalva Test|Valsalva]] test aggravate symptoms<ref name=":0" />.
11 KB (1,640 words) - 12:12, 1 December 2022
* Cord compression symptoms (bilateral weakness or bilateral pins and needles)
* Cauda equina compression symptoms (saddle anaesthesia, frequency or urinary retention)
13 KB (1,678 words) - 23:57, 30 November 2023
[[File:FABERs test.jpg|right|frameless]]
...herapists use a variety of orthopaedic [[Posterior pelvic pain provocation test|provocation tests]].
26 KB (3,926 words) - 00:12, 16 February 2024
"Cervical radiculopathy is a disease process marked by nerve compression from [[Disc Herniation|herniated disk]] material or arthritic bone spurs. T
...icular Symptoms.American Family Physician 2010;81,33-40</ref> Those can be compression, irritation, traction, and a lesion on the nerve root caused by either a [h
40 KB (5,769 words) - 11:33, 15 November 2023
...urs following over-stretching of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus or compression of the C5/C6 nerve root, depending on the mechanism of injury. Recurrences
...ntly narrows the intervertebral foreman at the cervical spine, causing the compression of the nerve root <ref>Bowles DR, Canseco JA, Alexander TD, Schroeder GD, H
20 KB (2,818 words) - 16:02, 29 June 2023
==== Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) Test ====
The APTT test measures the duration of blood clotting by measuring the clotting ability o
26 KB (3,513 words) - 22:12, 29 March 2024
...d pressure as part of the physical examination may therefore be a valuable test to inform clinical reasoning.
...The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 84A(10):1872-1881.</ref>. Whether to test for instability is therefore an important decision when suspecting CAD. The
17 KB (2,433 words) - 08:56, 10 February 2016
...RI can be very helpful in determining whether there is resulting posterior compression of the thecal sac.
*[[Fingertips to Floor Distance - Special Test|Fingertip-to-Floor]] (FTF) Test
15 KB (2,086 words) - 19:53, 26 February 2024
...of the superficial belly of FPB is caused by [[Median Nerve|median nerve]] compression which is occurred in the carpal tunnel syndrome. Circumduction and oppositi
Test: Patient is instructed in native or non-technical language to flex the MP j
6 KB (850 words) - 13:17, 29 October 2020
The [[Windlass Test|windlass mechanism]] was first described by JH Hicks in 1954. Essentially i
...hing.org/doi/10.1098/rsif.2014.1076 Active regulation of longitudinal arch compression and recoil during walking and running]. J R Soc Interface. 2015;12(102):201
21 KB (3,047 words) - 12:46, 12 December 2022
...lm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3523935/ Evaluation and Management of Vertebral Compression Fractures.] Perm J. 2012 Fall; 16(4): 46–51. </ref>
...olve the posterior osseous ligamentous complex. The former distinguishes a compression fracture from a burst fracture.
30 KB (4,259 words) - 19:40, 11 February 2024
Assessing Rib Mobility - Lindgren's Test:
{{#ev:youtube|PrDZD1erucI}}<ref>Assessment of Rib Mobility - Lindgren's Test Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PrDZD1erucI</ref>
9 KB (1,331 words) - 07:29, 19 March 2024
Some sources claim that entrapment of the plantar nerve because of compression between the metatarsal heads, as originally proposed by Durlacher and later
...pressure between the metatarsal heads will replicate the symptoms, as will compression of the forefoot between the finger and thumb so as to compress the transver
18 KB (2,520 words) - 20:53, 15 July 2022
...p; <br>- Piano key sign<br>- Supination lift test<br>- Palpation
| - Ballottement test<br>- Shuck test<br>- Shear test<br>- Ulnar snuffbox test
24 KB (3,591 words) - 09:50, 21 October 2020
...s active and the tendon is lengthening simultaneously) and where potential compression can occur, represent the greatest form of loading<ref name=":0" />.
...found to be the most damaging<ref>Almekinders LC, Weinhold PS, Maffulli N. Compression etiology in tendinopathy. Clinics in sports medicine. 2003 Oct 1;22(4):703-
46 KB (6,735 words) - 16:10, 15 December 2022
.../www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8011468/ Dynamic external pelvimetry test in third trimester pregnant women: shifting positions affect pelvic biomech
...ach to the pelvic diameters of obstetrics: the dynamic external pelvimetry test.] Cureus. 2019 Nov 9;11(11).</ref><ref>Siccardi M, Valle C, Di Matteo F, An
12 KB (1,703 words) - 11:58, 28 February 2023
* Positive [[Ober's Test|ober's test.]]
[[Ober's Test|Ober's test]], used during surgeries to assess and evaluate the release of tissue.
12 KB (1,817 words) - 00:54, 1 January 2023
* '''PET''' (positron emission tomography) scan: an imaging test that involves the intravenous injection of a positron-emitting radiopharmac
...me exposure to radiation, as well as whether the benefit of the diagnostic test outweighs the risk. CT-scans have higher radiation risk than x-rays, wherea
13 KB (1,844 words) - 16:41, 21 March 2024
...forces produced by muscles and small changes in their length create joint compression, thus producing active stabilisation of the joint.<ref name=":0" />
...es [[piriformis]], but its line of force is not conducive to enhance joint compression.
17 KB (2,471 words) - 17:39, 18 February 2024
...dial aspect of the CC joint and distracts the lateral side. The supination test is similar by adding inversion (frontal plane) and plantar flexion (sagitt
* Compression neuropathy of the sural nerve
13 KB (1,811 words) - 14:42, 14 December 2022
...t]. 2021 Jul 26.</ref> Increased pressure in the abdominal cavity leads to compression of the [[Vena Cava#Inferior Vena Cava .28IVC.29|inferior vena cava (IVC)]],
...egative intrathoracic pressure, caused by the descent of the diaphragm and compression of the abdominal lymph vessels, leads to an upward movement of the lymph. T
16 KB (2,238 words) - 12:19, 22 November 2023
*[[Compression]]
==== Post Test (Testing Criteria) ====
13 KB (1,860 words) - 17:58, 17 October 2020
* Positive HLA-B27 test: HLA B27 is positive in 80-90% of AS patients, more so in the Caucasian pop
* Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): This is a blood test for inflammation, in approximately one-third of the AS patients there is a
34 KB (4,865 words) - 11:38, 14 October 2023
* Inverted thoracic spine (also known as a lordotic thoracic spine) with compression forces on the facets
...(TOS)|Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)]] is a group of disorders that cause compression of the nerves, arteries or veins as they exit the thoracic outlet. TOS typi
24 KB (3,497 words) - 11:31, 18 August 2022
It is important to stress-test all bands of the MCL during a physical examination.
...n be diagnosed through a history and physical examination. A valgus stress test, during which a physician tests your elbow for instability, is the best way
15 KB (2,097 words) - 09:59, 24 October 2023
...notion that there need to be factors that cause pain similar to nerve root compression. His investigations found that motion patterns typical to modern sitting an
==== Main analysis tool: patient-specific reported test ====
14 KB (2,032 words) - 14:13, 14 December 2022
* Direct compression of the foetal neck during delivery by forceps<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1
...of the movement on a scale from V (full function) to I (no function). This test is easy to administer in a clinical setting and has been found to have good
12 KB (1,782 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...Thromboplastin Time (APTT) Test, Prothrombin Time (PT) Test and Fibrinogen test are all normal in patients with VWD especially those with mild and moderate
The VWF: RCo is the most commonly used test to assess the ability of binding ability of VMF24. The normal ranges of VWF
25 KB (3,522 words) - 16:47, 28 March 2024
...020 Nov;237(5):811-26.</ref> Craig's test is described in detail [[Craig's Test|here]].
'''Bracing with strapping and compression''':
17 KB (2,359 words) - 10:37, 25 November 2023
...4.2019)</ref> Dysfunction or damage to a spinal nerve root from infection, compression, or traumatic injury can trigger symptoms in the corresponding dermatome. <
...d myotomes]. Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/TafzzSailo/special-test-for-dermatomes-and-myotomes (last accessed 23.4.2019)</ref>
10 KB (1,421 words) - 16:31, 23 June 2023
'''1. Dorsiflexion External Rotation Stress Test (Kleiger's Test)'''
* (+) test: Pain in the anterolateral ankle. An indicator of deltoid ligament damage w
16 KB (2,378 words) - 20:09, 15 July 2022
...r if the person has a pes planus or an over-pronated foot, which can cause compression in the sinus tarsi. Some characteristics are pain at the anterior lateral s
The sinus tarsi syndrome can also occur as a compression injury, for example to people who have flat or pronated feet. The talus and
20 KB (3,019 words) - 20:21, 15 July 2022
| A compression neuropathy of the ulnar and the median nerve
*Ulnar: [[Upper Limb Tension Tests (ULTTs)|The Upper Limb Tension Test 4]]
26 KB (3,776 words) - 00:23, 5 June 2020
...ref name="Black" /> However, more recent research has suggested that axial compression, elbow flexion, valgus stress, and forearm supination lead to a rotational
# Positive lateral pivot-shift test
15 KB (2,138 words) - 09:11, 22 February 2022
...n the hips and this movement increases the symptoms. To confirm a positive test for lumbar flexion the patient performs forward bending with hip flexion on
...le to keep his hips and knees extended without increasing his symptoms. If compression contributes to his symptoms he may need to flex his hips and knees.
14 KB (2,141 words) - 18:21, 13 July 2021
...ital headache versus occipital neuralgia, sleep apnoea headaches, external compression headaches, idiopathic carotidynia headache, post-traumatic headache, medica
* May be due to compression, inflammation or irritation of the C2 sensory nerve roots<ref name=":8" />
37 KB (5,381 words) - 20:35, 11 July 2023
...These are described from the amount of joint separation in the 30° valgus test, more information here.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Frommer, Chana, and Michael Ma
| positive abduction stress test<br>
31 KB (4,876 words) - 06:25, 30 November 2020
...y compress the nerve or the spinal cord causing pain consistent with nerve compression or spinal cord dysfunction, also known as [[myelopathy]].<ref>Dydyk AM, Mas
...ology of herniated discs is believed to be a combination of the mechanical compression of the nerve by the bulging nucleus pulposus and the local increase in [[In
40 KB (5,562 words) - 14:04, 27 November 2023
...Diagnostic accuracy depends on the skills of the personnel performing the test and the quality of the equipment. Ultrasound is less sensitive than an MRI
...ine investigation in an acute ankle injury because of the high cost of the test, limited accessibility, and high incidence of this type of injury. MRI can
24 KB (3,351 words) - 02:15, 5 December 2023
*[[File:Anatomy ankle and foot 6.png|500x500px|right|frameless]]Nerve compression/pathology: eg
...ot & ankle international. 2002 Jun;23(6):530-7.</ref> This can result from compression between the abductor hallucis and quadratus plantae muscles.<ref>May TJ, Ju
25 KB (3,869 words) - 17:37, 21 November 2022
...xternal rotation position). Pain over the lateral hip region is a positive test and could be diagnostic of gluteal tendinopathy. If the pain was reported i
...d. A positive FADIR test might not rule out OA completely but a negative test is recognised to rule out intra-articular hip pathologies such as OA, [http
22 KB (3,133 words) - 22:48, 30 October 2022
* maternal serum α-fetoprotein (MSAFP) screening test
* Chiari compression
13 KB (1,829 words) - 12:12, 13 May 2023
* Symptoms similar to compression syndromes of the plantar digital nerves, as a result of micro trauma or a s
...inician stabilises the patient's toe at the metatarsal and exerts a drawer test on the phalanges. A slight clunk can be heard as the joint subluxes in the
17 KB (2,339 words) - 23:21, 12 February 2023
These movements cause frequent traction and compression loading of the AC joint, which leads to the repetitive microtrauma pattern
...ing of the AC joint through [[Hawkins / Kennedy Test|Hawkins]] and [[Scarf Test|Scarf]] tests elicits pain. Including a [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical spine]]
10 KB (1,388 words) - 14:25, 13 February 2023
...e joints to each specific load demand through an adequately tailored joint compression, as a function of gravity, coordinated muscle and ligament forces, to produ
<br>The symptoms which may lead to a diagnosis of SPD, are nerve compression (intervertebral disc lesion), symptomatic low back pain (lumbago and [[scia
24 KB (3,460 words) - 21:20, 27 June 2023
The essential test for diagnosing cardiac myxomas is Echocardiography. Computed tomography (CT
* Proprioceptive training and joint compression
8 KB (1,060 words) - 20:11, 29 June 2023
...rome|Horner syndrome]] (ptosis, miosis, hemianhidrosis, enophthalmos); and compression of the blood vessels with edema."<ref name="p0">Shabir Bhimji, Md, May SK.
...the subclavian artery or adjoining structure may lead to deterioration or compression of blood vessels causing edema.<ref name="p9" />
12 KB (1,665 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...xtensor plantar reflex [[Babinski Sign|(Babinski]]), [[Clonus of the Ankle Test|clonus]] and [[Hoffmann's Sign|hoffmans]]. If brisk, it may indicate a uppe
*'''Specificity - '''Is the percentage of people who test negative for a specific disease among a group of people who do not have the
27 KB (3,864 words) - 11:24, 29 August 2023
...he FABQ-W when evaluating workers compensation patients. The overall test-retest reliability is excellent, ICC= .97.
*Moderate test re-test reliability
27 KB (3,834 words) - 11:42, 15 November 2023
...binder is used by clinicians to relieve pain, improve [[Pulmonary Function Test|pulmonary function]] (After upper [[Abdominal Muscles|abdominal]] surgeries
...[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41394-019-0176-x Comparison of abdominal compression devices in persons with abdominal paralysis due to spinal cord injury. Spin
7 KB (1,051 words) - 12:54, 5 December 2023
...extending the knee. The combination of contracting the quadriceps and the compression of the supra-patellar pouch can also be the cause of pain. What occurs freq
*Provocation test: Provocation test which simulates conditions that can lead to the occurrence of symptoms coul
30 KB (4,521 words) - 12:08, 20 November 2023
...ate improvements in function compared to usual care on the Headache Impact Test and the Headache Disability Inventory (scale 0-100) and in pain over the sh
...ompression, [[Cauda Equina Syndrome|cauda equina]] compression, nerve root compression with increasing neurological deficit
15 KB (2,155 words) - 12:31, 17 October 2023
[[Image:Stresstest.jpg|right|200px|TFCC Stress Test|frameless]]On exam, palpation of the TFCC is best with the wrist in pronati
* '''TFCC compression test''': forearm in the neutral position with ulnar deviation reproduces symptom
19 KB (2,799 words) - 09:37, 19 November 2022
...Position:''' The patient is positioned in crook lying which is the drawer test position.
...the end available range. A small pad is placed on the patella to avoid its compression. The distal tibia is grabbed with one hand and the palm of the proximal han
12 KB (1,739 words) - 13:47, 10 February 2024
...h compression result in more stress on the pars interarticularis than just compression alone<ref name=":0" />. Furthermore, lumbar spondylolysis is more common in
* Positive single-leg hyperextension test - not very sensitive or specific <ref name=":1" />
33 KB (4,808 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...ess to disk herniation, osteophyte formation, vertebral body degeneration, compression of the spinal cord, or cervical spondylotic myelopathy<ref>Xiong W, Li F, G
...neck stiffness and can be accompanied by radicular symptoms when there is compression of neural structures.
26 KB (3,576 words) - 11:32, 15 November 2023
...ter trochanter and lateral pain reproduction with the [[FABER Test|FABER]] test<ref name=":6">Fearon AM, Scarvell JM, Neeman T, Cook JL, Cormick W, Smith P
* Compression of the tendon at the enthesis <ref name=":10" />
52 KB (7,549 words) - 13:53, 29 January 2024
...on there are several provocative tests that can be performed. Because each test stresses a particular part of the acetabular labrum, they can also indicate
...not specific and that none was capable of significantly shifting the post-test probability of a diagnosis of acetabular labral tear.<ref name=":3">Reiman
32 KB (4,647 words) - 13:44, 18 March 2024
...he large intestine or rectum, people with the disease may become anemic. A test of the number of red cells in the blood, which is part of a complete blood
** Another blood test detects the levels of a protein called carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). High
21 KB (2,979 words) - 17:15, 17 January 2023
</ref>. Compression of the tendon at its attachment during hip flexion/adduction is hypothesize
...ing and lying as these type of activities do not involve energy storage or compression<ref name=":0" />
46 KB (6,745 words) - 10:04, 13 May 2024
...tachments prevents the menisci from being extruded out of the joint during compression.
...scopy. 2004;20:951–958. Level of evidence 2B</ref> Thessaly test and squat test
38 KB (5,763 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...itis]<br>• [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Lumbar_compression_fracture Lumbar Compression Fracture] <br>• [[Mechanical low back pain|Mechanical Low Back Pain<br>�
...]], [[Stork Test]], and [[Femoral Nerve Tension Test|femoral nerve tension test]] as well as neurological and [[Neurodynamic Assessment|neurodynamic]] asse
20 KB (2,783 words) - 18:33, 21 March 2024
...n.] Sports Med. 1998;26(5): 351-360.</ref> which can cause direct trauma (compression or traction) to the axillary nerve.
QSS is an uncommon condition which involves the compression of the posterior humeral circumflex artery and the axillary nerve within th
31 KB (4,411 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...foot. You can read more about this mechanism and how to test it [[Windlass Test|here]].
...rior tibialis, flexor hallucis longus or flexor digitorum and tibial nerve compression.<ref name=":0" />
17 KB (2,395 words) - 12:20, 16 April 2024
** Compression: current evidence on the effectiveness of compression is questionable.<ref name=":3" /> However, clinicians are using bandages, t
* [[Balance Error Scoring System|Balance Error Scoring System Test]] (BESS)<ref name=":1" />
20 KB (2,816 words) - 13:52, 19 September 2022
*[[dysphagia]] (caused by compression of osteophytes):Dysphagia is often related to DISH. It can occur because of
*neurologic manifestations due to compression of the spinal cord
18 KB (2,537 words) - 14:20, 29 November 2023
...006/04000/clinical_tests_for_the_musculoskeletal_system_.36.aspx .Clinical test for musculoskeletal system]. 2006</ref>
...can be harmful because an increase in this lateral force may increase the compression of the lateral patella on the lateral lip of the femoral sulcus.
14 KB (2,126 words) - 11:36, 31 December 2023
...ates three arches the provide efficient weight distribution while avoiding compression of plantar neuro-vascular structures. The three arches (medial and lateral
...indlass Test.png|right|frameless|386x386px|alt=]]'''What is the [[Windlass Test|Windlass effect]] (Windlass mechanism)?'''<ref>Shono H, Matsumoto Y, Kokubu
17 KB (2,602 words) - 05:57, 30 January 2023
...n unstable pelvis while walking or while attempting to [[Single Leg Stance Test|stand on one leg]]<ref name=":0" />.
...bulk changes impact the balance of the abductor mechanism and increase the compression of the gluteal tendons leading to GT and [[Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndr
9 KB (1,380 words) - 20:44, 20 January 2024
...alking (or weight-bearing activities). An examination may reveal [[Tinel’s Test|Tinel’s sign]] over the tibial nerve at the ankle, weakness, and atrophy
...Surg. 1991; 73: 470-473.</ref><ref name="Antoniadis 2008" /> refer to compression of the deep fibular nerve as “anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome”. This pa
38 KB (5,735 words) - 20:52, 27 January 2021
*'''Nerve compression.''' Herniated disks or osteophytes in the vertebrae of your neck can press
* Positive craniocervical flexion test
27 KB (3,777 words) - 11:40, 26 April 2023
*An anterior drawer is done to test the integrity of the ATFL and CFL. With the ankle in plantarflexion, the he
*[[Star Excursion Balance Test]] : This test is used for assessment and treatment purpose after ankle injury.
15 KB (2,208 words) - 21:34, 9 January 2024
...bilize the humeral head within the glenoid in a process known as concavity compression.
...n Oh et al.">Oh JH, Yoon JP, Kim JY, Oh CH. Isokinetic Muscle Performance Test Can Predict the Status of Rotator Cuff Muscle. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2010;
27 KB (3,911 words) - 11:20, 18 August 2022
*Discogenic nerve root compression
...houlder rating questionnaire (SRQ)<br>• [[Nine-Hole Peg Test|Nine Hole Peg Test]]
13 KB (1,797 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...with a calcaneal fracture is associated with [[Lumbar Compression Fracture|compression fractures of the lumbar vertebrae.]] <ref>Bohl DD, Ondeck NT, Samuel AM, Di
...p; P. Tornetta (Eds.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.</ref> A squeeze test is positive in stress fracture of the calcaneus.
23 KB (3,194 words) - 16:50, 11 April 2022
...a after anterior cervical decompression and fusion for chronic spinal cord compression: a case report.] Case reports in orthopedics. 2013 Mar 4;2013.</ref> <
...in tetraplegia, the [[Sollerman Hand Function Test|Sollerman hand function test]], Capabilities of the Upper Extremity instrument (CUE), the Motor Capacity
17 KB (2,497 words) - 13:58, 19 July 2021
*Compression on the spinal cord resulting in numbness or tingling in the abdomen and leg
*[[Lumbar Compression Fracture|Lumbar compression fracture]]
38 KB (5,373 words) - 11:21, 28 August 2023
...some bacteria present. Not all bacteria’s can be identified. Even when the test comes back negative, septic bursitis cannot be completely ruled out. <ref n
...knee (maximum 20 minutes at a time with an interval of 30-60 minutes). The compression will decrease the intramuscular blood flow to the affected area and will al
18 KB (2,683 words) - 15:34, 19 October 2023
.../Spondylolisthesis Spondylolisthesis], or any condition which involves the compression of the dorsal root ganglion.<ref name=":1">Nikolai Bogduk. On the definitio
...erred areas, which emphasises the importance of using a multimodal sensory test protocol during assessment.<ref name="p1" />
14 KB (2,077 words) - 13:53, 29 January 2024
...leg is applied. Pain during this manoeuvre is considered to be a positive test
...rapy]] or [[POLICE Principle|PRICE]] Therapy (protection, rest, elevation, compression, elevation, and other anti-inflammatory drugs are given.
13 KB (1,940 words) - 18:39, 17 March 2023
...easures how well the patient hears sounds and speech, is usually the first test performed to diagnose acoustic neuroma. The patient listens to sounds and s
...syndrome]], labyrinthitis, neuritis, cochlear otospongiosis, neurovascular compression syndrome.
11 KB (1,653 words) - 17:29, 12 December 2022
...on the biphasic material properties of human nucleus pulposus in confined compression. Spine] (Philadelphia, Pa. 1976), 2005; 30(24), E724–E729. </ref> Also, t
...ies of the inter-laminar matrix, Gregory and Callaghan performed a peeling test showing the formation of clefts.<ref name=":7">Gregory, D., & Callaghan, J.
15 KB (2,069 words) - 12:35, 2 August 2021
Compression of the medial, lateral and posterior cords of the brachial plexus can occur
*Histamine test to differentiate between pre and postganglionic lesion<ref name="Tabitha" /
20 KB (2,786 words) - 00:15, 24 March 2024
...creased passive dorsiflexion, lack of heel raise and a positive [[Thompson Test]]<ref name=":0">Chiodo CP, Glazebrook M, Bluman EM, Cohen BE, Femino JE, Gi
...neral oedema reduction interventions should be utilised ([[RICE|Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation]]). The surgery will ideally occur within one week of the ruptur
8 KB (1,161 words) - 10:53, 13 May 2024
...proposed classifying spinal fractures by the mechanism of injury (MOI) of compression, flexion, extension and flexion-rotation. He divided the injuries according
...east one osteoporotic wedge fracture.”<ref>Andrew L Sherman et al. “Lumbar Compression Fracture” May 23, 2016</ref> The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons
38 KB (5,553 words) - 15:40, 20 March 2024
# Increased muscle guarding, tone, or spasms with test movements
# Palpable instability during test movements
24 KB (3,342 words) - 11:41, 15 November 2023
* Pain on [[Patellofemoral Joint|Patellofemoral joint]] (PFJ) compression
...t (TUG)|Timed Up and Go]] can be used in a PF OA population. However, this test may not be appropriate in the early stages of PF OA as it may not challenge
13 KB (2,033 words) - 12:18, 21 September 2023
*[[Resisted_AC_Joint_Extension_Test|Resisted AC Joint Extension Test]]
*Simple Shoulder Test questionnaires: Purpose is to assess functional disability of the shoulder,
22 KB (3,205 words) - 10:00, 18 August 2022
Nerve injury can occur as a result of traction/stretch, laceration, compression, or ischemia. The nerve dysfunction results primarily from the direct mecha
=== Compression ===
52 KB (7,519 words) - 11:45, 3 August 2022
...est PT and on discharge what advice for PT. After a fortnight he was given compression garments in the form of elasticated socks. He isn't finding any relief for
*Passes the wheelchair skills test.
8 KB (1,219 words) - 18:53, 11 April 2020
Primary subacromial impingement involves compression of these structures between the acromion and greater tuberosity (due to usu
...[Shoulder Special Tests|Sulcus sign]], [[Shoulder Special Tests|relocation test]], apprehension sign
16 KB (2,201 words) - 16:44, 14 May 2024
* It is mainly the valgus stress test of the elbow that will reproduce the pain.
...e '''acute phase''' of the injury, the [[RICE]] principle (rest, ice, compression, elevation) as well as paracetamol and NSAIDs will give initial relief for
10 KB (1,446 words) - 16:08, 8 April 2022
*Test [[Sensation|sensory integrity]] prior to application by asking patients to
*Test sensory integrity by asking patients to differentiate between hot and cold
32 KB (4,204 words) - 11:08, 22 August 2022
*Neurological changes from [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]] compression
=== Screening test ===
32 KB (4,683 words) - 08:33, 25 July 2022
...asive an easy available technique. <ref>Jolles B.M. et al.; A new clinical test in diagnosing quadriceps tendon ruptures; Ann R CollSurgEngl; 2007; 89: 259
Immediately after the injury, the [[RICE|RICE]] treatment (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) can be started. Partial tear are commonly treated with ultrasou
17 KB (2,438 words) - 17:50, 27 June 2023
...ght be normal or lower than normal. These feet will tend to have increased compression of interosseous forces between lateral process of the talus and the floor o
* Apply controlled stress to further test injured tissue by: weight bearing and non-weight bearing tests, as well as
26 KB (3,907 words) - 02:31, 18 November 2022
...is, and abduction of the hip. Hip flexor weakness is caused by L2-L3 nerve compression or possibly upper motor neuron lesion.<ref>Alexandra Kopelovich. Gait Devia
...ination of their upper and lower limbs. Tandem gait, toe walking, Rhomberg Test, and supervised heel walking will be completed as part of the neurological
15 KB (2,153 words) - 17:56, 7 April 2024
...Performing an MRI can be useful to confirm the presence of any spinal cord compression ([[Cervical Myelopathy]]).
...trength. Other special tests may be indicated: L’hermitte sign, Hoffman's test, Babinski.
22 KB (3,082 words) - 11:36, 15 November 2023
* Compression of the pedunculopontine nucleus and other brainstem structures
...thic normal pressure hydrocephalus—which parameters respond to the CSF tap test?] Clin Neurophysiol 2000; 111(9): 1678– 1686. doi:10.1016/S1388-2457(00)0
16 KB (2,322 words) - 04:29, 25 June 2023
...ach J & Yelverton C. The predictive value of the sacral base pressure test in detecting specific types of sacroiliac dysfunction. Journal of Chiroprac
...losure provides stability to the SIJ, for mobility to occur, further joint compression and stabilisation is required to withstand a vertical load<ref name="Pool 1
36 KB (5,447 words) - 18:23, 30 November 2020
*[[Weber Two-Point Discrimination Test]]
* [[Romberg Test]] - tends to be positive due to impaired proprioceptive input
14 KB (2,026 words) - 16:58, 2 February 2024
* Muscles that play a role in providing SIJ stability through increasing compression load across the joint are the [[Transversus Abdominis|transversus abdominis
* [[Long dorsal sacroiliac ligament (LDL) test|Long dorsal sacroiliac ligament]]
19 KB (2,795 words) - 11:26, 18 August 2022
...ions may be associated with more significant symptoms such as a feeling of compression of the trachea or oesophagus, complaints of dyspnea, choking, difficulty sw
...is limited by the anterior part of the sternoclavicular ligament and some compression through the disc.
50 KB (7,379 words) - 23:04, 8 December 2022
...on the intervertebral disc, possibly causing a decreased height an overall compression of the spine. <ref name="Chang" /><ref name="Katonis et al" /><br>
...ith related to movement (specifically rotation), pain increased by lateral compression, history of minor injury, pain is not usually referred to an extremity, pai
45 KB (6,765 words) - 00:11, 30 June 2023
...epicondyle, medial epicondylar apophysis, medial collateral ligament) and compression of the lateral structures (radial head, capitellum). Little league elbow en
...ly rotated, supinated arm with the elbow flexed ~25°. Moving valgus stress test should be provocative in these patients.
18 KB (2,535 words) - 14:30, 13 July 2023
...hout all plane of movement in Oxford Scale; otherwise NAD. Modified Thomas test was positive on right. Amputee mobility predictor (Gailey et al., 2002) sco
...or problems are: tenderness around wound, slight leakage from wound due to compression from shirker sock, slight swelling on residual limb.
9 KB (1,353 words) - 18:53, 11 April 2020
...dverse effect of abnormal development of the spine on [[Pulmonary Function Test|pulmonary function]].
# The condition has caused [[Myelopathy|compression of the nerve roots]] or spinal cord<ref name=":0" />
17 KB (2,458 words) - 15:25, 9 January 2023
.... Pudendal neuralgia is a functional entrapment where pain occurs during a compression or stretch maneuver. The neuropathy worsens due to repetitive micro-trauma
Pudendal neuralgia can be very difficult to diagnose, as no specific test exists<ref>Labat JJ, Riant T, Robert R, Amarenco G, Lefaucheur JP, Rigaud J
16 KB (2,211 words) - 22:10, 20 December 2020
Bone and ligament structures, muscle compression forces and nervous system control all contribute to lumbopelvic stability.
...uggesting the potential utilization of a Forced FABER test as a predictive test for the presence of pelvic floor tenderness, a parameter of PFD.
25 KB (3,632 words) - 10:49, 24 May 2022
*The [[Glenoid Labrum|labrum]]: This concave compression mechanism plays an important role in the stability of the glenohumeral join
...A fourth test, the bony apprehension test, is similar to the apprehension test, but is used to diagnose instability with a significant osseous lesion comp
36 KB (5,038 words) - 10:50, 9 January 2023
* This increased activity of erector spinae increases the compression load on the vertebral column, stimulating the [[Nociception|nociceptors]] o
...{{#ev:youtube|pfbm_-fgylo}} <ref>Sheena Livingstone. Erector Spinae Muscle Test. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pfbm_-fgylo [last accessed
13 KB (1,715 words) - 13:29, 9 April 2024
...athologies. Typically, classical trigeminal neuralgia (CTN) is caused by a compression of the nerve by a blood vessel or morphological changes to a blood vessel w
...<nowiki/>[[MRI Scans|MRI)]] demonstr<nowiki/>ates unilateral neurovascular compression with mild morphologic changes of the nerve root; contact observed at root e
28 KB (4,127 words) - 16:56, 14 May 2021
...ain in the morning after rising from the bed. If the pain is due to neural compression it tends to ease with ambulation and movement. However, it tends to worsen
[[Windlass Test|Windlass Mechanism and Test]]
15 KB (2,164 words) - 12:22, 22 November 2023
...inter-sesamoid ligament) and this has implications for generating abnormal compression and stress on the tendon that can lead to an injury.<ref name=":4">De-la-Cr
...inversion. It can decrease the dimension of the tarsal tunnel causing more compression or irritation to the FHL tendon.<ref name=":9" />
31 KB (4,783 words) - 18:36, 16 July 2021
...tlet Syndrome (TOS)|thoracic outlet syndrome]], [[Radiculopathy|nerve root compression]]
...nprick sensation, cotton to test light touch and a cooled reflex hammer to test cold sensation<ref name=":7">Bates D, Schultheis BC, Hanes MC, Jolly SM, Ch
26 KB (3,620 words) - 12:28, 20 December 2023
**compression of the nerve roots as they exit the spine
* "current spinal pain" raises the pre-test probability that extremity pain has a spinal source from 10% to 19% overall
16 KB (2,344 words) - 06:53, 12 May 2024
...rawer of the Ankle|Anterior Draw]], [[Talar tilt|Talar Tilt]] or [[Squeeze Test]] (depending on the structures involved)
* [[Star Excursion Balance Test]]
38 KB (5,486 words) - 21:35, 9 January 2024
* '''Scapholunate Ballottement Test<ref name="Opreanu">Opreanu RC, Baulch M, Katranji A. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.
...the dorsal rim of the radius as wrist is radially deviated. To perform the test the examiner:
24 KB (3,393 words) - 09:45, 19 November 2022
'''Symptoms/Conditions which warrant surgery:''' hydrocephalus and brainstem compression (Avula et al, 2015.) <br>
# [[Tinetti Test]]
18 KB (2,699 words) - 04:38, 22 January 2024
* Compression fractures
.../physio-pedia.com/Fingertips_to_Floor_Distance_-_Special_Test Finger-floor test]
23 KB (3,369 words) - 08:28, 15 June 2021
...r joint in terminal dorsiflexion. Posterior ankle impingement results from compression of structures posterior to the tibiotalar and talocalcaneal articulations d
...sterior tibia. Also known as os trigonum syndrome and posterior tibiotalar compression syndrome.<ref name="p6">Wiegerinck JI, Vroemen JC, van Dongen TH, Sierevelt
37 KB (5,268 words) - 10:23, 19 July 2022
* Monitored with glucose intolerance test
* Caused by compression of the vena cava by the enlarged uterus<ref name=":3">Humphries A, Mirjalil
28 KB (3,878 words) - 11:48, 18 August 2022
...[Spondylolisthesis|spondylolisthesis,]] [[Insufficiency Fracture|vertebral compression fractures]] etc).<ref name=":4">Will JS, Bury DC, Miller JA. Mechanical Low
...col-md-6"> {{#ev:youtube|SumtVr5c1Qg|250}}<ref>BJC Health. Chest Expansion Test for Ankylosing Spondylitis. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?r
16 KB (2,363 words) - 00:14, 26 October 2022
..." />The questionnaire was found to have good internal consistency, test re-test reliability, and criteria and construct validity in a sample of 37 male out
* Simple Shoulder Test (SST)
41 KB (5,819 words) - 19:17, 1 November 2022
...acent caudal vertebra, which could lead to neurologic problems (because of compression of the nerves and spinal cord between the bony structures). (6,9, 20,21) (l
→ Straight Leg Raise (29: level of evidence 2b), Slump Test (30: level of evidence 3b)
27 KB (3,938 words) - 16:35, 19 December 2019
...mechanism, it has been found that the clavicle most often fails in direct compression from a force applied directly to the shoulder.<ref name="p2" /> About 87% o
...ary injury is suspected or identified, perform an arterial blood gas (ABG) test and obtain an expiration posteroanterior (PA) chest film. Other imaging stu
22 KB (3,141 words) - 13:33, 13 March 2023
...is]], and when performed and interpreted correctly, are the most objective test within the neurological screen to localise the lesion to specific structure
|[[Clonus of the Ankle Test|Clonus Reflex]]
25 KB (3,680 words) - 11:17, 19 December 2023
The compression of the rotator cuff against the anterior inferior aspect of the acromion an
...rnal rotation of the humerus during elevation permits the avoidance of the compression of the greater tuberosity against the subacromial structures. If the timing
44 KB (6,223 words) - 22:17, 7 December 2022
...to nerve entrapment or by iatrogenic factors.<ref name=":1">Craig A. Nerve Compression/Entrapment Sites of the Lower Limb. Nerves and Nerve Injuries: Pain, Treatm
...fted, will also go up i.e., hiking of hip or the pelvis tilts upwards. The test is positive, when there is a drop of the hip or a downwards tilt of the pel
17 KB (2,493 words) - 11:51, 3 May 2024
Test water with the opposite, or sensate limb, and always wear covered supportiv
...dent position. This may cause further neuropraxia as a result of increased compression of the nerve and increased pain.
11 KB (1,599 words) - 23:05, 28 April 2022
*Ligamentous stability, Varus and valgus test of collateral ligaments are commonly performed.<ref name="biswas d" />
...nd intra-articular corticosteroid injections. Patients may find sleeves or compression bandages useful for comfort.<ref name="biswas d" />
11 KB (1,611 words) - 03:40, 3 September 2023
...vent protraction of the shoulder girdle, whilst being careful not to apply compression over the head of the humerus (Fig3).<br>Figure 1; measurement brace Fig2; i
...ze calculation was performed using minitab power calculation for related T-test. This calculation was performed based on the mean difference of interventio
24 KB (3,546 words) - 17:54, 19 June 2014
...g cancer, spinal infection, ankylosing spondylitis, cauda equina syndrome, compression fracture, symptomatic spinal stenosis, or herniated disc with radiculopathy
...Flynn T, Callaghan JP. Development of active hip abduction as a screening test for identifying occupational low back pain. JOSPT 2009;39(9):649-657.</ref>
20 KB (2,913 words) - 02:36, 15 July 2019
...other hand moves the foot medially to test for adduction and laterally to test for abduction.<ref>Alazzawi S, Sukeik M, King D, Vemulapalli K. [https://ww
* [[Tinel’s Test|Tinel’s test]]
19 KB (2,676 words) - 19:21, 22 October 2023
'''Flexion-Rotation Test'''
...otation range and says on which side the FRT was positive or negative. The test was positive when the estimated range was reduced by more than 10° from th
27 KB (3,832 words) - 11:35, 15 November 2023
...ead, the head may be deviated away from the axial plane. There can also be compression of the brachial plexus causing it to stretch and tear. Sometimes, pulling o
* Toronto test score
21 KB (3,157 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...galrg9BgYYc0F9CLA The effect of costovertebral adjustment versus ischaemic compression of rhomboid muscles for interscapular pain], university of johannesburg, 20
* Local joint compression may occur as a result of a trauma or muscle spasm <ref>Thomas E. Hyde, Cons
35 KB (5,073 words) - 17:45, 1 March 2023
..., which is called chunking. <blockquote>Chunking is "a kind of information compression that we use to group related information in ways that make it more memorabl
# ''Cramming for a test (i.e. massed practice) is a good way to remember things:'' this is an ineff
13 KB (2,001 words) - 07:16, 26 November 2023
...9rg8&usg=AOvVaw0B5q77yoKCDRTxOwXACW8z internal impingement] where there is
compression of the posterior articular surface of the tendons between the humeral head
</p><p>The first is called the “[[Empty Can
Test|Empty Can
test]]”. The patient stands up with his shoulders in 90°abduction, 30° horiz
34 KB (5,138 words) - 05:16, 17 November 2022
* (+) [[Sweep test|Brush test]]
* (+) [[Thomas Test|Thomas test]] on hip flexors & adductors
35 KB (5,340 words) - 21:49, 29 July 2023
...mic tests (i.e., straight leg raise, Brachial plexus tension test, Tinel’s test)
...factors involving activities/postures associated with movement, loading or compression of neural tissue
26 KB (3,581 words) - 11:34, 1 September 2023
...n, diagnosis can be based on other additional test like a nerve conduction test of the LFCN.<br>It is very important to note that MP can sometimes occur in
The aim of treatment for MP is focused on relieving the compression of the LFCN. The first step would be conservative treatment. If this doesn�
18 KB (2,720 words) - 14:55, 19 June 2023
...able with the knee in a 90 degree flexion and the foot in dorsiflexion. To test the popliteus, the therapist then has to going push the foot and underleg e
...oral corticosteroids or corticosteroid injections. Many individuals find a compression bandage or a knee sleeve very useful to reduce symptoms.<ref name=":4" /> A
17 KB (2,492 words) - 11:23, 18 April 2021
...th American spine society is a frequently used instrument. This has a high test-retest reliability and internal reliability. This questionnaire is recommen
...nfirmed by the results of the [[Straight Leg Raise Test|Straight Leg Raise test]], which also showed no signs of possible neurological deficits.<ref name="
26 KB (3,874 words) - 10:28, 13 April 2022
**[[Pulmonary Function Test|Pulmonary function tests]] such as [[spirometry]], [[Lung Volumes|lung volu
...-positioning for up to 16 hours per day. This may put patients at risk for compression neuropathies and neural damage. Other issues may be [[Pressure Ulcers|press
35 KB (4,757 words) - 11:29, 7 February 2023
|Radicular pain, positive straight leg raising test result
|Radicular pain, positive straight leg raising test result
50 KB (7,204 words) - 03:12, 31 May 2022
...the hypothenar eminence. The hook of the hamate is tender, and even gentle compression may be unpleasant for the patient.
...palmar blanching. Next, either the ulnar or radial artery is released from compression, which causes hyperaemia in the non-diseased state. Adequate collateral cir
38 KB (5,565 words) - 12:16, 22 November 2023
.... The history of traction mechanism with nursemaid’s elbow as opposed to a compression mechanism associated with fractures can help with the diagnosis.<ref name="
*Elbow extension test (Sensitivity: 96.8%, Specificity: 45.8%)
20 KB (2,986 words) - 11:46, 4 June 2020
* Schober test (tape measure)<ref name=":4">Johnson M, Mulcahey MJ. Interrater reliability
===== Schober test =====
38 KB (5,505 words) - 08:10, 20 July 2023
.../ref>. The protrusion of the nucleus pulposus out of the disc leads to the compression of the spinal nerve and Cauda Equina resulting in an inflammatory response
...d to that of an individual with muscle imbalance and lordosis which causes compression at the lumbar spine and discs will result in a higher risk of the disc to b
43 KB (6,538 words) - 11:17, 10 May 2024
...ensitivity 99-100%) is recommended by many institutions as the second-line test if available within 24 hours, with CT or nuclear medicine bone scan third-l
* [https://physio-pedia.com/Timed_Up_and_Go_Test_(TUG) Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)]
17 KB (2,427 words) - 08:32, 14 December 2022
* V- finger test
...ctus remains unknown. It is however, thought to be related to intrauterine compression, osseous abnormality and abnormal muscle attachments - including abnormal t
12 KB (1,769 words) - 12:27, 20 November 2023
...Kim ST, Lee WH. Trigeminal Neuralgia Resulting from Delayed Cervical Cord Compression after Acute Traumatic Fracture of Odontoid Process. ''Korean J Neurotrauma'
...atient to close their eyes and say "yes" each time they feel a touch. This test is first performed on areas NOT supplied by the CN V as it forms a baseline
20 KB (3,005 words) - 08:44, 14 December 2023
...in standing. No evidence of any joint contractures including -ive Thomas' test bilaterally. He did present with some weakness around Glut med/max bilatera
*Use of compression therapy, specifically Juzo shrinker socks and PPAM AID.
11 KB (1,758 words) - 18:53, 11 April 2020
* The third stage involves the complete encapsulation of the nerve roots, compression causes atrophy of the nerve roots and the scarring tissues prevent the prod
...idered recently to cause this condition. A myelogram which is a diagnostic test that contains a dye is usually injected in the area surrounding the spinal
12 KB (1,738 words) - 13:15, 17 February 2023
[[Lumbar Radiculopathy|Lumbar radiculopathy]] is commonly caused by compression of a lumbar nerve root, resulting in symptoms which radiate down the legs.
...=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal femoral nerve test]. There is evidence that mobilising the nerve can help to decrease pain and
24 KB (3,346 words) - 01:19, 3 April 2024
...orearm pronation. Then the patient is asked to resist wrist extension. The test is positive if the patient experiences a sharp, sudden, severe pain over th
...ww.ijmhr.org/ijpr.2.6/IJPR.2014.699.pdf Diagnostic accuracy of provocative test in lateral epicondylitis.] Int J Physiother Res 2014; 2(6):815-823.</ref> h
46 KB (6,778 words) - 21:11, 29 March 2024
...2022 Feb 16;15(1):16. </ref> Read about the Windlass mechanism [[Windlass Test|here.]]
*First MTP joint compression: positive "grind testing" indicates more advanced arthritis. Pain in the mi
25 KB (3,676 words) - 08:36, 21 April 2023
...e. MDT for the tissue includes three components: glide, decompression, and compression. MDT for the muscle has one component: glide<br>
18 KB (2,694 words) - 15:08, 28 April 2023
...smolality. http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/osmolality/tab/test (accessed 21 March 2013)</ref>
...nline. Sodium. http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/sodium/tab/test (accessed 21 March 2013).</ref>
16 KB (2,295 words) - 11:46, 3 August 2022
...ghts). C1 fractures typically occur due to axial loading. A combination of compression, hyperflexion, and hyperextension are the most common cause of C2 fractures
...the impact force of the trauma to last longer meaning the head is in axial compression for longer, being depressed further into the padded surface. This phenomeno
39 KB (5,879 words) - 07:28, 7 May 2023
...spinal cord injury without radiological abnormality, and multiple thoracic compression fracture<ref name=":0">Basu S (2012) Spinal injuries in children. Front. Ne
# Test for proprioception or vibratory function to examine posterior column functi
13 KB (1,818 words) - 17:48, 16 March 2022
...>Pratt RK, Fairbank JC, Virr A. The Reliability of the Shuttle Walking Test, the Swiss Spinal Stenosis Questionnaire, the Oxford Spinal Stenosis Sc
*Osteoporotic/[http://www.physio-pedia.com/Lumbar_compression_fracture lumbar compression fracture]
72 KB (10,528 words) - 11:29, 14 October 2023
...orsal joint capsule injuries. Dorsal dislocation results from longitudinal compression and hyperextension commonly occur by a ball hitting the tip of the finger.
...the finger joint is performed to check the collateral ligaments. The Elson test is performed to assess the integrity of the central band/ slip of the exten
33 KB (4,851 words) - 12:41, 2 August 2021
...lise the spine. In some cases the segment may collapse, causing nerve root compression and [[radiculopathy]]. Pain often reduces with time as the inflammatory pro
Provocation discography is a diagnostic test to identify a painful disc. To evaluate the degree of disruption, a combina
33 KB (4,742 words) - 17:54, 9 January 2024
...the developing placenta and is the hormone that is measured in a pregnancy test. It acts as a signal to the mother’s body that pregnancy has occurred by
* Women may suffer from supine hypotension due to uterine compression of the vena cava.
21 KB (3,104 words) - 11:46, 3 August 2022
...ef>Goolkasian P, Wheeler AH, Gretz SS. The neck pain and disability scale: test-retest reliability and construct validity. Clin J Pain. 2002;18:245-250.</r
...Sensation and reflexes were intact, and there was no change with cervical compression or distraction. Key muscle strength in the C4-T1 distribution was 5/5, but
20 KB (3,070 words) - 02:05, 31 August 2019
* [[Posterior Drawer Test (Knee)|Posterior drawer]]: This test has the highest sensitivity and specificity of the clinical tests for asses
{{#ev:youtube|HTti7-c1MFk}}<ref>Posterior Drawer test for PCL. Available from :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HTti7-c1MFk</ref>
45 KB (6,675 words) - 18:52, 1 November 2022
...t (TUG)|Timed up and go test (TUG)]] or [[10 Metre Walk Test|10-metre walk test]] may be used (depending on individuals’ ability and tolerance)
...iopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Six minute walking test]<ref name=":8" />
35 KB (4,848 words) - 11:16, 14 March 2024
...severe injury that develop rhabdomyolysis and later acute [[Renal Function Test (RFT)|renal]] failure have a mortality of 20%.<ref name="A" />
...abdomyolysis (although in half of people with the condition, the myoglobin test may come up negative). Other tests may rule out other problems, confirm the
20 KB (2,862 words) - 02:47, 7 February 2024
* Nerve compression disorders- [[Carpal Tunnel Syndrome]], [[Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome]], Acropare
Another test that the physiotherapist can do is: '[[Beighton score|The Beighton score]]'
15 KB (2,074 words) - 12:38, 3 April 2024
...-ray absorptiometry tests scans (DEXA) of the central skeleton is the best test for assessing bone mineral density
...ients with risk factors or a high score on an osteoporosis risk assessment test should be screened sooner<ref name=":1" />
28 KB (4,020 words) - 00:31, 27 December 2022
'''Compression is likely to be the reason of pain in three circumstances'''<ref name=":0"
| '''<u>Single Test</u>'''<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" />:
25 KB (3,546 words) - 16:52, 17 October 2020
...ertion at the pubic bone, adduction against resistance ([[Adductor Squeeze Test|squeeze tests]] in 0° and 45°), and passive stretching of the adductor mu
=== Squeeze Test ===
40 KB (5,677 words) - 12:08, 19 March 2024
...apillary refill]] – Refers to the amount of time required for refill after compression of a nailbed, and indicates perfusion status<ref name=":2" />.
18 KB (2,595 words) - 11:45, 3 August 2022
...ttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6983744/ Dry cupping, ischemic compression, or their combination for the treatment of trigger points: a pilot randomiz
...lar results were reported on a study applied static cups for 10 minutes to test hamstring flexibility afterwards using hip ROM as a measure. It found no d
26 KB (3,809 words) - 20:22, 10 December 2023
* subclinical: an abnormal cervical cancer screening test<ref name=":0" />
...CIES–THE ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY.</ref>Patients can be taught to tighten the compression system if its gets loose with time. For stage two lymphadema, the sub-banda
15 KB (2,137 words) - 12:12, 31 January 2024
* Nerve compression or inflammation of the conjoined tendon is another suggested cause. Evide
* People with pubalgia test positive by a herniography. The test is positive if there is an abnormal contrast flow outside the normal contou
33 KB (4,767 words) - 15:14, 7 May 2024
* The Hooking manoeuvre - positive test.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":17" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":23">Ronga A
...s the hand in an anterior direction. Pain or clicking indicates a positive test
27 KB (3,916 words) - 11:12, 29 November 2022
...File:Windlass Test.png|thumb|231x231px|alt=|Windlass Mechanism]][[Windlass Test|Windlass mechanism]] of the foot<ref>Welte L, Kelly LA, Kessler SE, Lieberm
** Investigate the toe box of the shoe - is it too narrow, causing compression?
16 KB (2,553 words) - 01:53, 25 June 2023
* compression of the tendon (and bursa)<ref name=":0" />
There is no one specific test to confirm GTPS. Please see the [[Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome|GTPS]]
20 KB (2,656 words) - 14:09, 20 January 2024
...cts the presence of patellofemoral joint disorder. A positive sign on this test is a pain in the patellofemoral joint.
*Compression test
34 KB (4,983 words) - 16:16, 25 March 2024
...ning and cardiovascular fitness. Outcome measure including six minute walk test, sit-to-stand in 60 seconds, and hand-grip strength were assessed before an
...e exercises at home. Final assessments found improvements in 6 minute walk test, sit to stand and reduced length of hospital stay following surgery (Charte
23 KB (3,165 words) - 14:35, 7 June 2020
===== The Setting of Baseline Test =====
* In dogs, cold compression for 20 minutes was found to be effective
22 KB (2,986 words) - 18:25, 9 January 2024
...ps://www.physio-pedia.com/File:Shoulder%20subscapularis.jpg|thumb|Lift off test: [[Subscapularis]]]]The prerequisite for any treatment in the [[shoulder]]
*[[Inverted Supinator Test|Inverted Supinator Reflex]]
23 KB (3,210 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...of nerve and hence destroyed. It causes inflammation in epineurium causes compression and destruction of unmyelinated sensory and autonomic fiber. Myelinated m
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Lepromin test
27 KB (3,758 words) - 13:56, 7 December 2023
The Physical Examination is used to test your hypothesis that has been developed through clinical reasoning with inf
* Sleeping on side, Bottom leg- sleeping on the painful side (direct compression)
15 KB (2,178 words) - 21:43, 31 October 2022
.../PMC2841549/ Diagnostic Accuracy and Association to Disability of Clinical Test Findings Associated with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome]. Physiotherapy Canad
...D. (2010). ''Diagnostic Accuracy and Association to Disability of Clinical Test Findings Associated with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Physiotherapy Canada
34 KB (4,944 words) - 05:36, 10 February 2024
...6/ The acute effect of the tongue position in the mouth on knee isokinetic test performance: a highly surprising pilot study]. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J.
** Temporalis (see Figure 3): causes sutural compression strain<ref name=":8">Mao JJ, Wang X, Kopher RA. [https://meridian.allenpres
18 KB (2,564 words) - 11:06, 11 January 2023
*Screening for neural tension signs (SLR, Adson's test)
...hetic diagnostic injections. It may be valuable to establish if nerve root compression or inflammation is causing pain<ref name="p3" />.
18 KB (2,557 words) - 00:01, 9 June 2022
* Pain with the scaphoid compression test (i.e. axially/longitudinally compressing a patient’s thumb along the line
18 KB (2,659 words) - 11:47, 21 February 2022
...high amount of salt is lost in sweat, thus forming the basis of the sweat test.<ref>Quinton PM. Cystic fibrosis: lessons from the sweat gland. Physiology.
...s higher than the normal amounts it may suggest cystic fibrosis. The sweat test is not painful.
46 KB (6,662 words) - 14:21, 2 February 2024
...ual has a '''positive test''' for the first two questions or a '''negative test''' for question three, the person should be '''excluded''' from participati
* Neurological manifestations caused by spinal cord compression
26 KB (3,564 words) - 14:14, 2 February 2024
...cant reduction in pain associated with neuropathy - i.e. although patients test positive for neuropathy (based on signs), it is often asymptomatic.<ref nam
* Neuropathy related to isolated nerve damage (eg. surgery, compression, traction injury)
19 KB (2,575 words) - 13:19, 29 February 2024
* '''10-Meter Walk Test'''
...determine risk of falls and if a gait aid is indicated. The 10-meter walk test is a common tool used by clinicians and is seen as reliable and valid for a
40 KB (5,832 words) - 10:45, 8 April 2024
# Increased wait time for test results (ie wound cultures or biopsies) to identify the source of infection
#* Applying compression bandages to the extremities if tolerated
20 KB (2,930 words) - 04:47, 5 December 2022
...degeneration, disc bulging or protrusion, facet hypertrophy, or nerve root compression) and only 47% of their subjects who were experiencing low back pain had an
...pidural abscess], [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Lumbar_compression_fracture compression fracture], [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Spondyloarthropathy--AS spondy
46 KB (6,826 words) - 11:21, 18 August 2022
* Spinal cord compression
** [[Clonus of the Ankle Test|Clonus]] and Spasm Score<ref name="Smith">Smith C, Birnbaum G, Carlter JL e
31 KB (4,366 words) - 10:45, 23 June 2023
...p://www.gaucherpartners.com/diagnosing-gaucher.aspx Blood work and a blood test called an enzyme assay are used to determine the activity level of the enzy
...e of vertebral bodies with risk of thoracic kyphosis and spinal cord compression
30 KB (4,484 words) - 19:32, 17 October 2020
...g includes performing a basic log roll or the [[FABER Test|Patrick (FABER) test]]<ref name=":0" />
* New bone growth is weaker, and the femoral head is suspectable to compression into a flatter shape<ref name=":10" />
38 KB (5,120 words) - 15:17, 14 January 2024
...turn to Sport: Hop Test|<ref>Atlantic Physical Therapy Center. ACL level 4 Test. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEdr3Of8tUk[last accessed 0
...h showed that during CKC exercises body weight provides tibiofemoral joint compression, that also reduces tibiofemoral shear forces .<ref name="Graham et al." />
42 KB (6,129 words) - 14:40, 29 April 2024
*Baxter nerve entrapment: (chronic compression of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve)
**Clinical (Tinel’s sign, dorsiflexion-eversion test)
29 KB (4,186 words) - 05:44, 30 March 2022
...aluation. Visual fields were assessed using the confrontation visual field test<sup>12</sup> Pt reported L visual field blurriness and demonstrated L perip
# Johnson LN, Baloh FG. The accuracy of confrontation visual field test in comparison with automated perimetry. ''J Natl Med Assoc''. 1991;83(10):8
26 KB (3,920 words) - 11:40, 26 April 2023
...gine.ca/en/assessments/purdue-pegboard-test-ppt/</ref><ref>Purdue Pegboard Test [Internet]. Lafayette, IN: Lafayette Instrument [updated 2021 March 3, cite
..._source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Clonus Test] bilaterally
53 KB (7,356 words) - 20:34, 14 May 2021
...name=":3" /> Issues with low specificity of tests such as the impingement test [https://physio-pedia.com/Anterior_Labral_Tear_Test_(Flexion,_Adduction,_an
...cation hip impingement tests'' are used clinically. The most commonly used test is [https://physio-pedia.com/Anterior_Labral_Tear_Test_(Flexion,_Adduction,
37 KB (5,283 words) - 12:17, 19 March 2024
...between IRD and trunk rotation peak torque generating capacity and sit-up test scores).<ref name=":10">Hills NF, Graham RB, McLean L. Comparison of trunk
...bdominal wrap should offer light compression or gentle hugging as too much compression can increase IAP.<ref name=":21" />
36 KB (5,388 words) - 05:53, 15 December 2022
To test active movements of the thoracolumbar spine patients need to be in a standi
...([http://www.physio-pedia.com/Adam's_forward_bend_test Adams Forward Bend Test])
55 KB (7,921 words) - 07:07, 30 August 2023
...c]] component. Visser et al.<ref name=":2" /> noted that lumbar nerve root compression can mimic sacroiliac joint [[radiculopathy]] and thorough evaluations of th
...ral and 10 cm caudal<ref name=":10">Fortin JD, Falco FJ. The Fortin finger test: an indicator of sacroiliac pain. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPEDICS-BELLE MEA
23 KB (3,296 words) - 10:00, 10 May 2024
# [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Adam%27s_forward_bend_test Adam’s forward-bend test]: Scheuermann’s kyphosis can be accompanied by a scoliosis. <ref name="Ha
* Neurologic deficit/spinal cord compression
25 KB (3,461 words) - 11:35, 12 March 2022
...in syndrome: a review.] Ann Vasc Surg. 2008 Mar;22(2):297-306. </ref> This test is hard to obtain so it is not often used for diagnosing of CRPS. <ref name
...treatment of the CPRS the state of the bone mineral will improve. So this test can also be used to determine if the patient’s treatment is effective. <r
47 KB (6,555 words) - 12:05, 25 September 2023
* [[Star Excursion Balance Test]] (SEBT)
* Orthoses: hiking boots, inserts, compression sleeve for lower legs
23 KB (3,174 words) - 09:59, 18 August 2022
* Provocative test
...useful as flexion tests. Response to localised pressure over painful area. Compression maintained for 30 seconds. Horse trotted off and observed for exacerbation
21 KB (2,990 words) - 19:46, 4 January 2023
...ilateral spondylolysis associated with spina bifida occulta and nerve root compression.] Spine. 1990 Jun 1;15(6):555-9.</ref>;
* [[Straight Leg Raise Test]]-Straight raising of the leg with patient lying on the back causes pain an
34 KB (4,705 words) - 17:14, 29 February 2024
*Symptoms may occur due to the obstruction or compression of structures by the enlarged lymph nodes. This may cause edema in the neck
...ning program during post-treatment showed an increase in the 6 minute walk test and a decrease in heart rate.<br>
24 KB (3,362 words) - 01:18, 2 December 2023
...her lower limb pathologies, however if this is negative you do not need to test peripheral joints in lying. These have been shown to be reliable tests that
* Presence of symptoms of spinal cord compression- lower limb weakness or altered sensation, disturbance of bowel or bladder
76 KB (10,525 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...ar;11(3):852.</ref>: counting for 85% of the resistance to anterior drawer test, when the knee is kept at 90 degree of flexion.
...oading is applied, the medial collateral ligament becomes taut and lateral compression occurs. This compressive load, as well as the anterior force vector caused
84 KB (12,371 words) - 17:40, 2 October 2023
...it is possible to walk with less severe breaks, so relying on walking as a test of whether a bone has been fractured is not reliable)
...kinds of metal plate and multiple screws: one-third tubular plate; locking compression (LCP) metaphyseal plate for lateral malleolar fracture and Weber B fracture
25 KB (3,614 words) - 17:24, 27 June 2023
*A positive arc sign, and positive findings on the Royal London Hospital test<ref name=":0" />Shown in 30 second videos below.
{{#ev:youtube|nM3yu_TR4H8}}<ref> Royal London Hospital Test (CR)CRTechnologies. Available form https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nM3yu_TR
42 KB (6,070 words) - 13:56, 29 January 2024
Briefly, lumbar spinal stenosis is characterised by compression of neural tissue either at the central canal, foramen or lateral recess, th
...absolute stenosis and can be supported by signs such as the bicycle stress test, the patient rides a stationary bicycle in an upright position and the dist
27 KB (3,850 words) - 11:15, 10 May 2024
...://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5725181/ The Royal London Hospital Test for the clinical diagnosis of patellar tendinopathy.] ''Muscles Ligaments
...and thickening of a portion of the tendon that either allows adaptation to compression or reduces stress by increasing cross-sectional area.<ref name=":0" /> This
27 KB (3,805 words) - 14:10, 5 January 2023
...ented exercises alone in the management of patients with lumbar nerve root compression.<ref name="Thackeray">Thackeray A, Fritz JM, Childs JD, Brennan GP. The eff
...and rest. It gave an immediate relief of pain and a normalizing of the SLR test, also after three weeks.<ref name="Larsson">Larsson U et al. Auto-traction
26 KB (4,004 words) - 11:31, 5 January 2024
* [[Sollerman Hand Function Test]](SHFT).<ref name=":6" />
* Compression can be applied where needed to control swelling<ref name=":8" />
31 KB (4,793 words) - 09:57, 12 December 2022
*[[Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)]] 10.8 sec (no fall risk)
...Orthop Surg. 2016;24:1-10</ref>. This nerve could become entrapped due to compression over the fibular head from sitting with legs crossed at work <ref name=":7"
27 KB (4,112 words) - 17:30, 21 November 2020
...sessing, diagnosing and treating ME/CFS. Currently, there is no diagnostic test for ME/CFS.
...atients experience a severe exacerbation of symptoms and the nature of the test does not allow testing of non-ambulatory/severe patients.<ref>Dialogues for
75 KB (10,771 words) - 14:30, 14 December 2022
...tion or ischemia as in other hernias.If herniation causes significant lung compression, it can lead to tension pneumothorax. Diaphragmatic paralysis also may occu
...sis], [https://physio-pedia.com/Pulmonary_Function_Test pulmonary function test], [https://physio-pedia.com/Chest_X-Rays chest X-ray], SpO2 (oxygen saturat
27 KB (3,795 words) - 19:06, 16 January 2024
* Evoked Potential Test
...he stimulus may be visual or electrical in origin<ref name="mayo" />. This test helps detect whether there is a lesion to a nerve in the optic nerve, brain
54 KB (7,917 words) - 18:46, 3 March 2024
...ory testing, [[Straight Leg Raise Test|straight leg raise]], femoral nerve test
...ter|Testing SIJ and Hip]] – thigh thrust test, pelvic compression, [[FABER Test|FABER’s]]
61 KB (8,853 words) - 12:53, 26 June 2023
...s the entire spine in extension with an intense sheering force that causes compression of the facet joint capsules.
...f ice, or increased bilateral responses to the brachial plexus provocation test.
41 KB (5,691 words) - 07:15, 18 November 2022
