#REDIRECT [[Low Level Laser Therapy]]
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...<ref>Cotler HB, Chow RT, Hamblin MR, Carroll J. The Use of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) For Musculoskeletal Pain. MOJ Orthop Rheumatol 2015;2(5): 00068</ref
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...matology, surgery. ophthalmology and physical medicine and rehabilitation. Laser is used by physiotherapists for relief of pain, to accelerate healing and d
== Difference between Low Level Laser Therapy and High Power Laser Therapy ==
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**[[Interferential Therapy|Interferential Therapy]] <br>
**[[Pulsed Shortwave Therapy|Pulsed Shortwave Therapy]] <br>
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...Editor '''- [[User:Cindy John-Chu|Cindy John-Chu]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
[[File:Laser.jpg|thumb|210x210px|Laser]]
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...assage therapy, acupuncture, concussion therapy, vestibular therapy, laser therapy, sciatica treatment, and pre and post-operative care. We can treat work rel
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== Ultrasound therapy for lateral epicondylitis ==
...ant LE. <ref name="p3">D'Vaz AP et al.Pulsed low-intensity ultrasound therapy for chronic lateral epicondylitis: a randomized controlled trial. Rheumatol
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[[File:Laser.jpg|right|frameless|210x210px]]
...one">Cotler HB, Chow RT, Hamblin MR, Carroll J. The Use of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) For Musculoskeletal Pain. MOJ Orthop Rheumatol 2015;2(5): 00068</ref
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...roker Project|project]] was undertaken by a unique partnership of physical therapy researchers, educators and expert clinicians to address the gap between evi
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*[[Lateral Epicondyle Tendinopathy Toolkit: Appendix B|''Appendix B: Manual Therapy'']]
*[[Lateral Epicondyle Tendinopathy Toolkit: Appendix D|''Appendix D: LASER Dosage Calculation'']]
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...ttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pri.1902 Effects of mirror therapy on oedema, pain and functional activities in patients with poststroke shoul
* Physical Therapy.
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...roker Project|project]] was undertaken by a unique partnership of physical therapy researchers, educators and expert clinicians to address the gap between evi
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...y of goniometer and inclinometer use in Craig’s test.] Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(4):1141-4.</ref><ref name=":1" />
...in patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries.] Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2020;32(6):365-9.</ref>
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...nd therapy, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, extracorporeal shockwave therapy and hydrotherapy.<ref>Veenman P. Animal physiotherapy. Journal of Bodywork
== Crypotherapy (Superficial cold therapy) ==
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...[https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.12432 High-fluence 1064-nm Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser: Safe and effective treatment of café-au-lait macules in Asian patients].
...2009/12000/Physical_Therapy_as_Conservative_Management_for.8.aspx Physical therapy as conservative management for cervical pain and headaches in an adolescent
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...hen lastly to apply the treatment. Generally speaking, the delivery of the therapy is relatively straightforward. The dose selection however is critical in th
...plied during continuous shortwave therapy. [[Low-level laser therapy|Laser therapy]] is another such example of the clinical application of low energy levels
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Vidya Acharya|Vidya Acharya]] for '''BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...and pressure pain threshold.] Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. Jul 2003; 33(7): 400-7.</ref>consists of four tape strips, repeated twice.
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...or to balance and eye movement disturbances in persistent whiplash. Manual therapy, 11(2), 99-106</ref>
...ns for assessment and management. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2009 May;39(5):364-77</ref>
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'''Non-hormonal therapy:'''
'''Hormonal therapy:'''
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.../>. Hence, Physiotherapists often provide other forms of treatment- manual therapy, [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Adherence_to_Home_Exercise_Programs home exe
...akes sense to include acupuncture prior to other treatments such as manual therapy or exercise in order to aid further recovery.
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...ally important change with the Patient-rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation. Hand Therapy. 2011 Sep;16(3):52-7.</ref>
...condyle Tendinopathy Toolkit: Section F - Manual Therapy|Section F- Manual therapy]]
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== Physical Therapy Interventions for Pain Modulation. ==
...demic.oup.com/painmedicine/article/21/10/2502/5757972 Efficacy of physical therapy on nociceptive pain processing alterations in patients with chronic musculo
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...7 May 31.Available from:https://www.intechopen.com/books/clinical-physical-therapy/conservative-management-of-chronic-venous-insufficiency (last accessed 25.1
...r-based endovenous thermal ablation (EVTL). EVTL is performed with either laser or radiofrequency as the source of the heat energy. The EVTL procedure is t
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...E - Low Level Laser Therapy Dosage Calculation|Section E - Low Level Laser Therapy Dosage Calculation]]
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== Thermal Therapy ==
=== Cold Therapy ===
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Pulsed Shortwave Therapy (PSWT) is a widely used modality in the UK (Al Mandil and Watson 2006), tho
== Effects of Pulsed Shortwave Therapy ==
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...ears: a review of the literature. International journal of sports physical therapy. 2016 Apr;11(2):279.</ref>.
== Exercise Therapy ==
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...m a specific medical professional, authorizing the the need for a physical therapy evaluation and or treatment.
...gulations as well as insurance requirements still often require a physical therapy prescription under certain circumstances.
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==Manual Therapy==
...itions. The American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) describes manual therapy as “skilled hand movements intended to improve tissue extensibility, inc
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...mmon adult primary brain tumor and are aggressive, relatively resistant to therapy, and have a poor prognosis.
...of an experimental treatment is: an MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy system called [http://medgadget.com/archives/2008/04/autolitt_laser_interst
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...Hand Therapy–is our Practice Evidence Based?.] The British Journal of Hand Therapy. 2005 Jun;10(2):40-6.</ref>
'''[[Therapeutic Ultrasound|Ultrasound therapy]]:''' The known effect of ultrasound is to promote healing in the inflammat
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...al Editor '''- [[User:Rishika Babburu|Rishika Babburu]] for '''BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...le Tendinopathy Toolkit: Section F - Manual Therapy|LET Section F - Manual Therapy]]
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==== Interferential Therapy ====
...ink provides more information on how it works:{{pdf|IFT.pdf|Interferential Therapy}}
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== Canine Sports Medicine and Physical Therapy ==
Canine sports medicine, when integrated with physical therapy (PT), offers a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to managing inj
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...ive immune system in response to [[Antiretrovirals and HIV|antiretroviral therapy]] (ART), or as a side effect of the drugs themselves<ref name=":1" />.
...lar eruption in HIV: a case successfully treated with NB‐UVB. Dermatologic therapy. 2013 Mar;26(2):173-5. [Accessed 3 Feb 2022]</ref>.
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Patience is the cornerstone of therapy in patients with SRN compression symptomatology because spontaneous resolut
...d for the treatment of nerve pain, including pulsed low-intensity infrared laser, as well as direct electrical stimulation. The use of PNS to treat neuropat
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...ary RLS, exercise training for the treatment of uremic RLS, and endovenous laser ablation (ELA) for the treatment of RLS with superficial venous insufficien
...h use of a traction straight leg raise]: a preliminary case series. Manual therapy. 2013 Aug 1;18(4):299-302.</ref>
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...self-reported pain and function.] International journal of sports physical therapy. 2018 Apr;13(2):283.</ref>
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...//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4743666/ The use of low level laser therapy (LLLT) for musculoskeletal pain.] MOJ orthopedics & rheumatology. 2015;2(5)
...n contracture prevention. For joints that have become stiff ultrasound and laser therapies have been found to provide benefit.<ref name=":1" />
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*Option #2: Manual therapy
*Option #3: A combination of manual therapy and exercise
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...possible<ref name=":2" />. Analgesics should also be administered prior to therapy sessions to encourage participation in movement activities. The physiothera
...ref>Children's National Hospital. After the Burn:Physical and Occupational Therapy. Available from: https://youtu.be/gU0y2mgwZbl [last accessed 1711/2020]</re
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...s of the motion sensing input device that may provide benefits in physical therapy practice:
...camera that senses depth. The depth camera has two components, an infrared laser that projects a cloud of dots and an infrared camera that records the dot p
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...al Editor '''- [[User:Rishika Babburu|Rishika Babburu]] for '''BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...Tendinopathy toolkit project created by the BC (British Columbia) Physical Therapy Knowledge-Broker facilitated project team. The evidence below has been modi
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...Tendinopathy toolkit project created by the BC (British Columbia) Physical Therapy Knowledge-Broker facilitated project team. The evidence below has been mod
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...iology, clinical evaluation, and management: a narrative review.] Pain and Therapy. 2021 Jun;10(1):143-64.</ref>
...s for assessment and management.] journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2009 May;39(5):364-77. [Accessed 26 June 2018]</ref>
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...is reported. This is often the patient's primary complaint/presentation to therapy with shoulder pain that radiates down to the 4th and 5th digit.<ref name="p
== Physical Therapy Management ==
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=== Physical Therapy ===
...dical Management .28current best evidence.29|Diabetes Medical and Physical Therapy Management]]
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...e commonly used by physiotherapists to help their patients/clients achieve therapy goals <ref>Lindsay DM, Dearness J, McGinley CC. [https://europepmc.org/abst
* reduction or elimination of oedema <ref>American Physical Therapy Association APTA Guide to Physical Therapist Practice Categories of Interve
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#* commonly occurring with patients not taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
#* seen in patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy, especially organ transplant recipients.
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...Physical Therapy Association]. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 2012, 42(4)</ref><ref>Stochkendahl MJ, Kjaer P, Hartvigsen J, et al. Natio
== Exercise Therapy ==
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...nt alternative in patients who fail to respond to conventional noninvasive therapy.<ref name="p5">Glémarec J, Guillot P, Laborie Y, Berthelot JM, Prost A, Ma
...ion or causes that require surgery, gabapentin may be a second-choice oral therapy before invasive procedures. Also high-dose nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory d
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...cess. There are a wide range of electrotherapy modalities used in physical therapy. Conventionally, they are used for pain management, reducing swelling, incr
...terferential current]] (IFC), [[Ultrasound therapy|ultrasound]], and laser therapy.
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|Use laser light target for shorter steps
...ematic review with meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2022 Apr;52(4):192-A5.</ref>
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...for lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET)–A systematic review. Journal of Hand Therapy. 2021 Feb 27.</ref>
...condyle Tendinopathy Toolkit: Section F - Manual Therapy|Section F- Manual therapy]]
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...1/bjd.12149. PMID: 23210645.</ref><ref>Katsambas A, Dessinioti C. Hormonal therapy for acne: A review of current and future therapies. Dermatoendocrinol. 2011
...h acne.<ref>Habif TP. Clinical Dermatology: A Color Guide to Diagnosis and Therapy. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Mosby; 2004:162–194.</ref>
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...tion. <ref name="Z1">Zakaria HM, Adel SM, Tantawy SA. The Role of Physical Therapy Intervention in the Management of Diabetic Neuropathic Foot Ulcers. Bull. F
==== Physical Therapy ====
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...ttps://www.foundationforpn.org/living-well/lifestyle/exercise-and-physical-therapy/ (Accessed 10/07/2022)</ref>. Therefore, exercise can help to improve quali
...v:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n23mUQexmKw|width}}<ref>Physical Therapy Video. Peripheral neuropathy relief in the feet and legs. Available from: h
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...ical Therapy for facial paralysis: a tailored treatment approach. Physical Therapy.] 1999;79:397-404.</ref>.
...ical Therapy for facial paralysis: a tailored treatment approach. Physical Therapy.] 1999;79:397-404.</ref>.
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
...Interventions|Achilles Tendinopathy: Summary of the Evidence for Physical Therapy Interventions]]”).
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...ef>Millis DL, Ciuperca IA. Evidence for canine rehabilitation and physical therapy. Veterinary Clinics: Small Animal Practice. 2015 Jan 1;45(1):1-27.</ref> Al
...NS. Canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation and rehabilitation therapy after surgical decompression: A retrospective study. Journal of advanced ve
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== Physical Therapy Management ==
...tes that were higher than those with eccentric loading alone or shock wave therapy alone.<ref>Rompe JD, Furia J, Maffulli N. Eccentric loading versus eccentri
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...iginal Editor '''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] for '''The BC Physical Therapy Tendinopathy Task Force:'''
*** Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)<ref name=":1" />
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...s of the International Society of Lymphology is CDT (Complete Decongestive Therapy)<ref name=":0" /><ref>Executive Committee. The diagnosis and treatment of p
...andrioti M, Dimakakos E. Effectiveness and Safety of Complete Decongestive Therapy of Phase I: A Lymphedema Treatment Study in the Greek Population. Cureus. 2
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...tem for patients with neck pain.] Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2004 Nov;34(11):686-700.</ref>. It is well known that chronic pain is oft
...an Physical Therapy Association.] Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2017 Jul;47(7):A1-83</ref>. Blanpied et al reviewed the literature and fou
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...e compared to the Oswestry Disability Index: a systematic review. Physical Therapy Reviews, Volume 14, Number 6, December 2009 , pp. 399-408(10) </ref>
== Physical Therapy Management ==
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..., exposure to [[Radiation Side Effects and Syndromes|radiation]], hormonal therapy, and family history. Manifestation are dependent on size and location with
..., but with a malignant brain treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy (alone or together). Medicines aim to reduce symptoms or
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...cognitive tests, and reduced C-reactive protein in patients on colchicine therapy. Another study found that wheat intake worsened FMF, increasing inflammator
=== Physical Therapy Intervention ===
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...nd uniqueness of a person's gait cycle requires the individualisation of a therapy plan of care. The study of the human gait cycle can be a career-long endeav
...n the prevention and rehabilitation of running related injuries]. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2018 Jan 1;29:26-33.</ref> Wearable technology, which can provide
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...tem for patients with neck pain.] Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2004 Nov;34(11):686-700.</ref>. Many studies also combine clinical manifes
...Whiplash: A Clinical Commentary.] Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2017 Jun 16(0):1-32.</ref> and this may be the most important and most cha
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|Chemotherapy, biological therapy, hormonal therapy
Dietician, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, social work, pharmacy and psychology
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...neck pain in office workers: systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical therapy. 2018 Jan 1;98(1):40-62.</ref>.
=== Manual therapy ===
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...logy Taping|kinesiotaping]], laser therapy, [[Trigger Points|trigger point therapy]] and electrical stimulation.
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...an 2001 (level of evidence: 5)</ref><ref>Heyd, Reinhard, et al. "Radiation therapy for painful heel spurs." Strahlentherapie und Onkologie 183.1 (2007): 3-9.
...‘Efficacy of two different physiotherapeutic preocedures in comprehensive therapy of plantar calcaneal spur’., Fizjoterapia Polska., January 2007 (level of
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...oot conditions: symptom presentation and pathobiological reasoning. Manual Therapy, 2001; 6: 106-115</ref>.
# Cognitive behavioural therapy<ref name=":8">Bernetti A, Agostini F, de Sire A, Mangone M, Tognolo L, Di C
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...relation of clinical and pathological features with response to pulsed dye laser treatment. Lasers Med Sci] [Internet]. 2014;29(1):137–40. </ref>
...cological therapies (excluding procedural treatments) including antibiotic therapy and analgesia.
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...ometriosis in a yound adult woman with nonspecific low back pain. Physical Therapy. 2007;87:801-810. </ref>:
*Hormonal Therapy
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...cer pain: a critical review of mechanism-based classification and physical therapy management in palliative care.] Indian Journal of Palliative Care. 2011 May
Cancer therapy-induced neuropathic pain can result from side effects or complications from
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...t of children with port wine stains using the Flashlamp-Pulsed Tunable Dye laser. N Engl J Med 1989;320:416-421.</ref> <br>
...which the ciliary body is either frozen or rendered ineffective with laser treatment and a decrease in the production of aqueous fluid results.<r
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...nt with respiratory condition<ref>Walsh BK, Smallwood CD. Pediatric oxygen therapy: a review and update. Respiratory care. 2017 Jun 1;62(6):645-61.</ref>. Oxy
== Indications For Oxygen Therapy ==
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...Syndromes|chemotherapy]], radiotherapy and [[Endocrine System|endocrine]] therapy, increase the risk of [[Musculoskeletal Orthopaedic Assessment|musculoskele
...ih.gov/30175057/ Osteoporosis and musculoskeletal complications related to therapy of breast cancer.] Gland Surg. 2018 Aug;7(4):411-423. </ref>
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* IRAP; stem cell therapy<ref>Depuydt E, Chiers K, Van Hecke L, Saunders J, Martens A, Pille F, Spaas
...1On6op_rybZb8A8lMWYGJCfGL3VOmg-UgDPxuIl1fQnRCTvxPgnSC64Jo High-power laser therapy improves healing of the equine suspensory branch in a standardized lesion m
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...cant functional impairment include non-medical, medical, or interventional therapy.
# '''Non medical therapy.''' For some patients, tremors can be reduced by weighting the limb, typica
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...oration between musculoskeletal and neurological physiotherapists]. Manual
therapy. 2014 Dec 1;19(6):614-7.</ref> <blockquote>"The authors compare and contr
*
Laser light pointer or line target
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.... Growth factor–based therapies provide additional benefit beyond physical therapy in resistant elbow tendinopathy: a prospective, single-blind, randomised tr
...dyle Tendinopathy Toolkit: Section F - Manual Therapy|''Appendix B: Manual Therapy'']]
20 KB (2,494 words) - 13:46, 14 October 2022
...03093640600983923 Advanced trans-tibial socket fabrication using selective laser sintering]. Prosthetics and orthotics international. 2007 Mar;31(1):88-100.
# Laser-based 3D scanners, or LiDAR (ie [https://www.combscan.com/ Comb O&P])
20 KB (2,872 words) - 02:56, 11 November 2022
...the findings of her MRI report, advised her to seek an assessment from the Laser Spine Institute as to whether surgical intervention was indicated. After a
...culopathy or Parsonage-Turner," ''Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy,'' vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 659-664, 2017.</ref> and to confirm the hypothesis
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== Physical Therapy Management ==
* '''Exercise Prescription''': The effectiveness of physical therapy to improve nerve regeneration in humans after nerve damage remains uncertai
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...ravelling the complexity of muscle impairment in chronic neck pain. Manual therapy. 2004 Aug 1;9(3):125-33. [Accessed 6 June 2018] Available from: <nowiki>htt
...r muscle endurance test: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation. 2014 May;21(5):227-31. [Accessed 8 June 2018] Available
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* ''Psychological:'' [[meditation]], hypnosis, music therapy, [[Relaxation Techniques|relaxation techniques]]
...i Chi and the Older Person|tai chi]], [[Dance Therapy|dance therapy]], art therapy.
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* Controlled exercise therapy for primary tendon lesions or collateral desmitis in conjunction with:
** Potentially stem-cell therapy
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* Low-level laser therapy is effective at improving ROM
...eople with hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review.] Arthritis research & therapy. 2011 Feb;13(1):R28.Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article
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...h as physical, speech, occupational, behavioral, mental health, and family therapy can often help reduce or eliminate some of the symptoms of Klinefelter synd
* Low level laser<ref name=":0" />
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...302 Heel pain—plantar fasciitis]. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2008 Apr;38(4):A1-8.</ref><ref name="risk factors for Plantar fasciitis">R
* Plantar heel pain is the most common foot condition treated in physical therapy clinics and accounts for up to 40% of all patients being seen in podiatric
29 KB (4,085 words) - 15:36, 31 March 2024
...dini ME, Fanelli G. Mechanisms of low back pain: a guide for diagnosis and therapy. F1000Research. 2016;5. Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles
...sability, and Health from the Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association]. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012;42(4):A1-A57. </ref>
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...lity index: a systematic review.] Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2009 May;39(5):400-C12.</ref><ref name=":2">Gay RE, Madson TJ, Cieslak KR.
* Injection therapy<ref name=":16" />
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...of Daily Living (ADLs)]], and [[Quality of Life|quality of life]]. [[Dance Therapy|Dance]] is a treatment technique for Parkinson’s patients which focuses
...ng muscles and improving joint mobility<ref name=":1">Earhart GM. Dance as therapy for individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2009;45
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...is and a comprehensive management approach, which includes pharmacological therapy, physiotherapy, therapeutic exercise, neurorehabilitation, and psychologica
* Mirror therapy
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* Ice- Ice therapy applied for 20 mins on/1 hour off throughout the day to reduce pain, edema,
...cal stimulation (TENs), pulsed ultrasound, antiedema massage and low-level laser may help in reducing inflammation.
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...to provide guidance and recommendations on the new evidence-based physical therapy practices around pathoanatomical features, examination, diagnosis/classific
....sbu.se/en/publications/sbu-assesses/laser-treatment-of-neck-pain/ <nowiki>Laser Treatment of Neck Pain [Internet]</nowiki>]. Stockholm: Swedish Council on
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...(FBSS)<ref>Burgest S. Simopoulos TC. FAILED BACK SURGERY SYNDROME. Current Therapy in Pain. Elsevier. 2009.</ref>.
...ation, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and pulse therapy is common, especially methylprednisolone<ref>Wright MH, Denney LC. A compre
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