The tips of transverse process of all thoracic vertebrae and the lower 9 or 10 ribs between the tubercles and angles <ref
Dorsal rami of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (T7 to L5) <ref name="p3">http://www.anatomyexpert
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...d intrinsic [[Back Muscles|back muscles]] of the thoracolumbar region. The thoracic nerves also supply some of the areas of skin over the abdomen and axilla.
...amage Available:https://www.marylandbackandneckpaindoctors.com/symptoms-of-thoracic-spine-nerve-damage/ (accessed 7,2,2022)</ref>.
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When testing the thoracic and lumbar spine strength a few differences are noted:
...or spine extension are different for the [[lumbar]] and [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] spines. Beginning at Grade 3, the tests for both spinal levels are combin
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== Thoracic Ligaments ==
The [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic spine]] is strengthened by the presence of numerous ligaments.
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These joints run from the first thoracic vertebra (T1) to the tenth thoracic vertebra (T10) and are surrounded by a weak articular capsule. This thin ca
...applications: a comprehensive review with application to approaches to the thoracic spine]. Cureus. 2016 Nov 11;8(11).</ref>
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...es</ref> Often penetrated by the dorsal scapular<ref name=":0" /> and long thoracic nerves<ref name=":1">Bordoni B, Varacallo M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
...s in the ipsilateral upper limb<ref name=":1" />. Please see the page on [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|TOS]] for more information regarding this syndrome.
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...icial of the transversospinalis muscle group. Its attachment sites are the thoracic vertebrae (semispinalis thoracis), cervical vertebrae ([[Semispinalis Cervi
...pans the whole length of the vertebral column, it is most developed in the thoracic region. It consists of 2 part long and short rotatores.
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It is thicker and broader in the lumbar than in the thoracic region, it merges to thoracolumbar fascia.<ref name=":0" />
[[Category:Thoracic Spine]] [[Category:Thoracic Spine - Anatomy]] [[Category:Thoracic Spine - Ligaments]]
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The ribs are the bony framework of the thoracic cavity.
...he main structure of the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] cage protecting the thoracic organs, however their main function is to aid [[Breathing Pattern Disorders
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Thoracic back pain is more likely to be caused by serious underlying pathology than
* Thoracic spine pain often has a musculoskeletal origin related to poor posture or ov
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...s in the axial skeleton. The first two laws solely apply to the lumbar and thoracic spinal regions, but the third applies to the entire vertebral column <
*In the thoracic spine, there is capability for both neutral and non-neutral coupling.
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...nts with elbow pain may benefit from treatment directed at the cervical or thoracic spines, and/or wrist.
...p; -[[Thoracic Examination|Thoracic Examination]] <br>
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...eir corresponding [[Thoracic Vertebrae|thoracic vertebrae]], enclosing the thoracic cage from the posterior side.[[File:Gray312.png|Costovertebral articulation
...with the load-bearing, protection, posture and scaffolding roles that the thoracic cage provides with their stabilization properties .
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...ius cervicis is one of the deep (or intrinsic) muscles of the cervical and thoracic spine. <ref name="gray">Gray's Anatomy of Human Body, Bartleby.com edition.
...tid artery. Dorsal branches of the posterior intercostal arteries from the thoracic aorta. <ref name=":1">Kenhub. 2021. ''Splenius cervicis muscle''. [online]
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...LM, Bragge P. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19563667?dopt=Abstract Thoracic spine pain in the general population: prevalence, incidence and associated
...broad because of many factors eg the different definitions and duration of thoracic back pain included.
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...ine rotation and lateral flexion combined motion in the examination of the thoracic outlet. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1990; 71: 343-344.</ref><ref>Lindgren KA, Lei
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...olumn inferior to the 6th cervical (C6) vertebra and superior to the first thoracic (T1) <ref name=":0" />.
...al and thoracic regions, the C7 has some features of both the cervical and thoracic vertebrae.
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# Muscles that are helpful in expanding the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] cavity are called the inspiratory muscles because they help in inhalation
# Those that compress the thoracic cavity are called expiratory muscles and they induce exhalation.
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Thoracic Manipulation for Shoulder Dysfunction}}
...queira-Junior AL, Ribeiro IL, Camargo PR. Scapular kinematics pre–and post–thoracic thrust manipulation in individuals with and without shoulder impingement sy
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* Longissimus thoracis (thoracic part): L1-L5 spinous and transverse processes, sacral posterior surface an
* Longissimus thoracis (thoracic part): T1-T12 transverse processes and the angles of ribs 7-12
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# Lower 6 [[Thoracic Spinal Nerves|thoracic nerves]] and accompanying branches of the posterior intercostal vessels
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...adiculopathy]] refers to a compressed nerve root in the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic area]] of the spine. This is the least common location for radiculopathy. T
* The pinched nerve can occur at different areas along the thoracic spine
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...scle originates along the lateral aspect of the vertebral body of the 12th thoracic vertebrae and the 1st lumbar vertebrae, and the intervertebral disc between
[[Category:Thoracic Spine]]
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...f> The ribs form the main structure of the thoracic cage that protects the thoracic organs. There are 12 pairs of ribs which are separated by intercostal spac
* The only rib that articulates with one thoracic vertebra only (T1).<ref name=":2" />
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Adson's test is a provocative test for [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome]] accompanied by compression of the subclavian artery by a
...68EYtTAO4z2yATZiLfgDQ&scisig=AAGBfm0jy9K80svS37dDKXUPOe782UsRhw Diagnosing thoracic outlet syndrome:] Contribution of provocation tests, ultrasonography, elect
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Not attached to the thoracic spine, but an important group of muscles in this region is the Intercostal
...the ligamentum nuchae of the neck, to the spinous processes of C7 and the thoracic spine down to T12. It connects the shoulder blade with the vertebral column
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...the sternum and their relationship to chest wall structure and function]. Thoracic surgery clinics. 2007 Nov 1;17(4):473-89.</ref>
...om internal thoracic (mammary) artery; deep to the sternum is the internal thoracic artery laterally
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...egion, the ligaments are thin, but broad and long; they are thicker in the thoracic region, and thickest in the lumbar region.
...ee-dimensional imaging analysis for the diagnosis of dural ossification in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum: a multicenter study.] ''Quantitative
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In the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] and thoracic regions it has a uniform width over the bodies and discs, but in the [[Lumb
It is broader above than below, and thicker in the thoracic than in the cervical and lumbar regions. The ligament is more narrow at
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* Front limb - the thoracic or pectoral limb
'''Terminology referring to the thoracic or forelimb:'''<ref name=":1" />
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*[https://thorax.bmj.com/content/74/Suppl_1/1.abstract British Thoracic Society Guideline for Bronchiectasis in Adults - 2019] Hill AT, Sullivan AL
*[http://thorax.bmj.com/content/65/Suppl_1/i1.full.pdf British Thoracic Society Guideline for non-CF Bronchiectasis - 2010]. Pasteur MC, Bilton D,
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=== Thoracic Spine ===
*[[Thoracic Spine Fracture|Thoracic Spine Fracture]]
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...osterior tilt of the [[pelvis]] and the trunk and [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|thoracic kyphosis]] in comparison to neutral posture. See image second from left as
.... thoracic kyphosis extended to the upper part of the lumbar spine (longer thoracic kyphosis is observed) 3. apparently shorter lumbar lordosis 4. normal or sl
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...massagematters.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/chest-wall.pdf Anatomy of the thoracic wall, axilla and breast]. Int. J. Morphol. 2006;24(4):691-704.</ref>
...axillary artery include the '''superior thoracic, thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic, subscapular, anterior humeral circumflex''' and '''posterior humeral circu
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...thoracic wall muscles]], muscles of the upper limb, abdomen, and back. The thoracic spine lies between the superior [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] spine and the
The bodies of the thoracic vertebrae are medium sized and heart shaped. They are all weight-bearing an
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...ience/article/abs/pii/S1360859219302207 Physiotherapist survey: Increasing thoracic spine movement within the management of chronic subacromial impingement syn
...t tissue compliance). In this scenario, the aim of treatment is to improve thoracic extension, especially during the identified provocative activity or activit
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...sment include:<ref name=":0">Bell-Jenje T. Assessment and Treatment of the Thoracic Spine Course. Plus , 2021.</ref>
...ning and Pathologies of the Thoracic Spine|masquerade]] as musculoskeletal thoracic pain
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# '''Thoracic vertebral pressure'''
=== Thoracic Vertebral Pressure ===
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...t bends forward. The movement comes from the hips rather than allowing the thoracic and lumbar spines to flex or round. The inability to perform this movement
...nd other behind the low back with the dowel rod touching back of the head, thoracic Spine (upper middle back) and sacrum (base of the spine)<ref>Michaud F, Pé
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...ever, other causes such as atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, thoracic aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, and pulmonary embolism have been report
* Thoracic aortic dissection
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...many elements including [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]], [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]], and [[lumbar]] motion. Measurement is difficult and may be done in a var
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<br>The Lyons brace initially used for the thoracic infantile rachitic scoliosis is now adapted to the thoraco-lumbar and lumba
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...t to Wall Distance is a routine clinical test for [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|thoracic kyphosis]] and [[Cervical Examination|cervical]] mobility. It is also known
The OWD may be abnormal in kyphosis (forward curvature of the upper thoracic spine) due<ref name=":1" />
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# Semispinalis cervicis muscle - fascicles cover the cervical and thoracic [[Lumbar Multifidus|multifidus]] muscles
...uscle - thin, fleshy fascicles with long tendons at either end. Covers the thoracic multifidus muscle
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...-pedia.com/Low_Back_Pain Low Back Pain] through interventions aimed at the thoracic spine and the hip joints.
Interventions directed at the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Thoracic Thoracic Spine] and the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Hip Hip Joints] have been found
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...[[trapezius]] to form parallel bands that pass inferolaterally from the [[Thoracic Vertebrae|vertebrae]] to the medial border of the [[scapula]]. Rhomboi
...of the scapula, keeping it in position at the posterior [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] wall.
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*[[Cyclist's Back|Cyclists]] may develop a [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|kyphotic thoracic spine]].
* [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|Kyphosis]] in the [[Swimming Overuse Injuries|swimmer]] is al
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...portion arises from the front of the bodies of the first two or three thoracic vertebræ
Vertical portion arises from the front of the bodies of the upper three thoracic and lower three cervical vertebræ
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The thorax is formed by the thoracic vertebrae ,the ribs and the sternum.
...various bones and muscle. Bones involved are sternum, 12 pairs of Ribs, 12 Thoracic vertebrae.
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[[Category:Thoracic Spine]]
The [[Thoracic Anatomy|thorax]] is an area of the spine that has, historically, been under
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