...March. 1998 Mar.</ref> and straining or rupture of the muscles around the ankle (e.g. [[Calf Strain|calf]], [[Peroneal Tendinopathy|peroneii]], [[Tibialis
...lar ligament, which is a cordlike structure directed somewhat posteriorly; and the posterior talofibular ligament, which runs posteriorly from the fibula
11 KB (1,655 words) - 10:33, 10 December 2022
...name="pala">Palastanga N, Soames R. Anatomy and Human Movement: Structure and Function. 6th ed. London, United Kingdom: Churchill Livingstone; 2012.</ref
As the tendon enters into the sole of the foot it lies superficial to the spring ligament passing forward deep to the tend
8 KB (1,108 words) - 12:20, 16 April 2024
...em/6h93r9j0 The peroneus longus muscle and tendon: a review of its anatomy and pathology.] Skeletal radiology. 2019 Sep;48(9):1329-44.</ref>
* Head and proximal two-thirds of the lateral surface of [[fibula]]
7 KB (927 words) - 13:53, 29 January 2024
...ndex.php5?title=Calcaneal_fracture fractures of the calcaneus], [[cuboid]] and [[navicular]] bone.
...] proximally, and the [[navicular]] and [[cuboid]] bone distally. When the foot skeleton is viewed from above, the joint line of the transverse tarsal arti
10 KB (1,506 words) - 04:38, 21 April 2022
...through the disruption of 2 separate bony articulations: the talonavicular and talocalcaneal joints.<ref>Horning J, DiPreta J. Subtalar dislocation. Ortho
...PMC4390901/ Subtalar dislocation without associated fractures: Case report and review of literature.] World Journal of Orthopedics. 2015 Apr 18;6(3):374.<
11 KB (1,631 words) - 12:10, 23 September 2022
...ial plateau, the tibial tuberosity, the soleal line, the medial malleolus, and the fibular notch.
...e two condyles form a flat, broad surface for articulation with the medial and lateral condyles of the femur.<ref name="Neumann Knee">Neumann DA, Knee. In
7 KB (1,054 words) - 11:28, 28 February 2022
...habilitation-in-conflicts-and-disasters/ Early Rehabilitation in Conflicts and Disasters.] London, UK: Handicap International. 2020. p86-87</ref>
...habilitation-in-conflicts-and-disasters/ Early Rehabilitation in Conflicts and Disasters].
4 KB (596 words) - 10:46, 1 June 2022
...SW, Joyner PW, Almekinders LC, Parekh SG. Stress fractures of the foot and ankle in athletes. Sports Health. 2014 Nov;6(6):481-91. doi: 10.1177/194173811348
...at could lead to these fractures; [[tension]], [[compression]], [[shear]], and [https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/torsion#:~:text=(in%20strength
10 KB (1,554 words) - 18:34, 16 July 2021
...Doctor of Physical Therapy Program at Texas State University -San Marcos, and is part of the Orthopaedic curriculum. This project is a component of
...This project will also consist of an oral group presentation of your page and topic, as well as the off-line submission of a one page critical analysis o
5 KB (748 words) - 13:01, 1 March 2022
...ref><ref name="p3">RobRoy L. Martin. Evidence of Validity for the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). 2005</ref>.
...the FADI. Four ‘pain-related’ items of the Foot and Ankle Disability Index and the ability of an individual to sleep are deleted. The Sports subscale of t
11 KB (1,628 words) - 23:14, 29 August 2019
....be/en/study/physiotherapy Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium], and is part of the Musculoskeletal curriculum.
PT students are asked to review literature and apply the Delphi quality evaluation procedure to (at least) two RCT's evalu
11 KB (1,341 words) - 18:21, 7 December 2023
...and metatarsal bones and are supported by the ligaments and tendons in the foot.
...w.youtube.com/watch?v=j59yk3tdQdM|width}}<ref>Brian Abelsome Arches of the foot Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j59yk3tdQdM (last accessed
8 KB (1,227 words) - 16:16, 14 July 2022
...lassifications In brief: salter-harris classification of pediatric physeal fractures].</ref><ref name=":3" />.
...ucture.png|thumb|Structure of a long bone including diaphysis, metaphysis, and epiphysis.|center]]
9 KB (1,281 words) - 21:08, 16 June 2020
...pincott Williams and Wilkins; 2018.</ref>. Sesamoids ossify during puberty and delayed ossification can indicate delayed onset of puberty.
* Hallux sesamoids - medial/[[tibia]] and lateral/fibular in the [[Flexor Hallucis Brevis|flexor hallucis brevis]] te
3 KB (359 words) - 15:40, 3 July 2023
...st bone of the foot<ref name=":2">Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and human movement. 4th edition. Oxford. Butterworth-Heinemann; 2002. p242.</re
...RR. [https://www.statpearls.com/kb/viewarticle/18764 Anatomy, bony pelvis and lower limb, calacaneous.] InStatPearls [Internet] 2018 Dec 6. StatPearls Pu
7 KB (1,031 words) - 11:05, 15 July 2022
...[Joint Classification|joint]] between two bones and connected by ligaments and a strong membrane<ref name="Hermans">Hermans JJ, Beumer A, De Jong TA, Klei
..., biomechanics, mechanism of injury, and clinical guidelines for diagnosis and intervention. Journal of Orthopaedic&Sports Physical Therapy. 2006 Jun;
8 KB (1,096 words) - 00:46, 7 March 2021
The most common complaint in the foot and ankle region is [[Plantar Heel Pain|heel pain]]. The most of these problems, howe
...ior to the medial calcaneal tuberosity (or spur) and between the quadratus and the underlying flexor brevis until it reaches its distal target of the abdu
5 KB (764 words) - 17:55, 29 June 2023
* Lateral aspect of the foot, heel, and ankle.
It is formed by terminal branches of the tibial and common peroneal nerves that join together in the superficial aspect of the
4 KB (591 words) - 14:01, 30 April 2024
...n the back of your lower leg.<ref>Gastrocnemius Muscle: Anatomy, Function, and Conditions (verywellhealth.com)[https://www.verywellhealth.com/gastrocnemiu
The two heads are located from the medial and lateral condyles of the [[femur]].
9 KB (1,412 words) - 02:47, 29 March 2022
...1-x Compartment syndrome of the lower leg and foot.] Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 2010;468(4):940-50. </ref> or it can be due to intense or
...are actually 9 compartments, however, it is more practical to think of the foot in 4 compartments.<ref name="BRON 2">Ortho Info. Compartment syndrome. Avai
14 KB (1,957 words) - 17:16, 6 April 2020
...ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3977148/ Northeastern Ohio Trauma Study III: incidence of fractures.] Ann Emerg Med. 1985 Mar;14(3):244-8.</ref> The proximal phalanx is the mo
...;68(12):2413-8. </ref> axial forces e.g. stubbing a toe, falls, and sports and recreational activity. A sudden abduction force applied to the digit agains
13 KB (1,977 words) - 16:06, 5 September 2023
...Disturbances|gait]] and [[Balance Training|balance retraining]] and reach and grasp strategies.
...specific impairments impacting on their function (thinking of head-to-toe and [[Gait|gait analysis]]).
10 KB (1,435 words) - 19:54, 5 January 2023
...b;43(1):44-50.</ref> Several clinical tests can be used to assess FAI and the respective ligament involved in the acute [https://www.physio-pedia.com
'''Ligaments of the ankle'''
8 KB (1,224 words) - 10:30, 21 June 2021
== What is Charcot Foot? ==
...linelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00233.x The charcot foot. Diabetic Medicine]. 2000 Apr;17(4):253-8.</ref>
14 KB (1,985 words) - 13:31, 2 December 2021
...ed, compensation can occur further up the kinetic chain, resulting in pain and injury.
== The “Ideal” Anatomy for a Ballet Foot ==
16 KB (2,329 words) - 11:32, 18 August 2022
...portion of the body weight, with estimates ranging from 5-17%, hence these fractures, while significant, are not as severe as those in bones bearing a greater p
...equired in many sports. Disruption of the syndesmosis (syndesmotic or high ankle sprain) contributes to instability of the tibiotalar joint.<ref name=":0" /
15 KB (2,120 words) - 13:56, 11 January 2024
...n.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid_ligament#/media/File:Gray354.png|thumb|Medial Ankle Ligament]]
...Jan–. PMID: 31424742.</ref> .It is attached above to the apex and anterior and posterior borders of the medial malleolus. The plantar calcaneonavicular li
13 KB (1,956 words) - 19:41, 9 October 2020
...lammation to a complete tibialis posterior tendon rupture. Early diagnosis and surgical repair will restore full normal function. <ref name="William M. Ge
...ssed because the symptoms of this injury resemble the symptoms of a normal ankle sprain. Some physicians may feel that posterior tibial tendon rupture is a
7 KB (1,058 words) - 17:52, 21 September 2020
...erstanding of foot and ankle anatomy is necessary for the proper diagnosis and treatment of injuries.
...the foot consists of the hindfoot, midfoot and forefoot. Each part of the foot is composed of several bones.
20 KB (2,870 words) - 09:19, 23 November 2022
...Without prompt treatment, acute compartment syndrome can lead to ischemia and eventually, necrosis.<ref name=":2">Torlincasi AM, Lopez RA, Waseem M. [htt
...syndrome is seen include the forearm, thigh, buttock, shoulder, hand, and foot.<ref name=":2" />
10 KB (1,413 words) - 11:45, 3 August 2022
...i/S0972978X22001568 Current concepts in the surgical management of chronic ankle lateral ligament instability]. J Orthop. 2022 Jul 19;33:87-94. </ref>...
...ce of the star excursion balance test in subjects with and without chronic ankle instability. PLoS One. 2018;13(8):e0201479.</ref>
10 KB (1,403 words) - 10:35, 30 November 2023
...ions for the future.] Bone. 2002 Sep 1;31(3):430-3.</ref> Fractures of the foot are less common.<br>
=== Fractures of the ankle ===
25 KB (3,614 words) - 17:24, 27 June 2023
...o one sprain per 10 000 people daily<ref>The gender issue: epidemiology of ankle injuries in athletes who participate in basketball.
...h ankle sprains: a prospective examination of an athletic population. Foot Ankle Int. 1998;19:653–660.</ref>.
15 KB (2,208 words) - 21:34, 9 January 2024
...habilitation-in-conflicts-and-disasters/ Early Rehabilitation in Conflicts and Disasters.] London, UK: Handicap International. 2020. p107-109
...habilitation-in-conflicts-and-disasters/ Early Rehabilitation in Conflicts and Disasters].
10 KB (1,487 words) - 18:46, 23 November 2022
...the
foot and ankle assessment. The purpose of using special investigations
and tests is to confirm the clinical diagnosis. <blockquote>"We can't treat the
An [[X-Rays|X-ray]] can help to investigate bone
and soft tissue:
20 KB (3,014 words) - 15:38, 22 October 2023
[[File: Anatomy ankle and foot 2.jpg|right|frameless]]
...]] [[bone]]<nowiki/>s. Together, the three borders (listed below) form the ankle mortise.
22 KB (2,881 words) - 21:34, 19 November 2023
...ls/eor/6/8/2058-5241.6.200138.xml Current management of trimalleolar ankle fractures.] EFORT Open Reviews. 2021 Aug 10;6(8):692-703.</ref>
=== Ankle Joint ===
23 KB (3,174 words) - 09:59, 18 August 2022
These bones display high degree of variability in size, location, penetrance and anatomical connection to the main skeleton across vertebrate species.
...is a chronic injury, caused by frequent pressure and results in irritation and painful inflammation of the surrounding tissues.
9 KB (1,317 words) - 09:52, 14 August 2018
...and soleus. In the leg, it is accompanied by the posterior tibial vessels and lies in the tarsal tunnel.<ref>Banik Sr S, Guria LR, Banik S, Guria Sr LR.
...aps/tibial-nerve#1 (last accessed 17/03/2019).</ref> It also has articular and cutaneous branches.<ref name=":2">Wikipedia. The tibial nerve[https://en.wi
11 KB (1,629 words) - 09:58, 14 January 2024
...2_Splints_and_Casts_Indications_and_Methods Splints and casts: indications and methods]. American family physician. 2009 Sep 1;80(5):491-9.</ref>
...Woodcast splints for immobilization of the limb during serial manipulation and casting for idiopathic clubfoot in infants: a prospective randomized trial]
9 KB (1,178 words) - 18:38, 10 November 2022
...Hackett TR. [https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/1/11.short Injuries in elite and recreational snowboarders.] British journal of sports medicine. 2014 Jan 1;
...the Lateral Process of the Talus]. Fractures and Dislocations of the Talus and Calcaneus. 2020:97-106.</ref>
20 KB (3,080 words) - 12:11, 23 September 2022
...nd swelling may be present. These symptoms place the ability to walk, work and perform sports at risk.<br>
...artilage), or cystic. Lesions can then be subdivided as stable or unstable and non-displaced or displaced. The stability of a lesion can be assessed direc
11 KB (1,705 words) - 21:36, 4 August 2022
...f the structures, functional anatomy, and etiologic factors in syndesmosis ankle injuries is needed to treat this injury effectively.
...e discusses the assessment and interventions for grade 1 and 2 syndesmotic ankle sprain.
16 KB (2,350 words) - 21:03, 28 October 2023
...ell, D, Gait Deviation Associated with Pain Syndromes in the Lower Leg and Foot. Gait Analysis. Plus. 2022</ref>
...review [[Gait Deviations|this article]]. To review common gait terminology and definitions, please see [[Gait Definitions|this article]].
17 KB (2,602 words) - 05:57, 30 January 2023
...larly as it relates to the second tarsometatarsal (tarsometa-tarsal) joint and the Lisfranc [[ligament]]. <ref name="Wynter S, & Grigg C.">Wynter S, Grigg
...sed as a sprain, particularly if the mechanism of injury is a simple twist and fall.
18 KB (2,603 words) - 21:17, 31 August 2023
...an irritation to one or both peroneal tendons with subsequent degeneration and inflammation.
...of the Calcaneus. In: Saxena, A. (eds) International Advances in Foot and Ankle Surgery, London:Springer. 2012. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8572
17 KB (2,530 words) - 17:04, 23 October 2023
...brage">Schimizzi, A; Brage, M (September 2004). "Brachymetatarsia". ''Foot Ankle Clin'' '''9''' (3): 555–70, doi:10.1016/j.fcl.2004.05.002. PMID 15324790.
...atarsal length. It can affect any of the five metatarsal bones of the foot and it could be bilateral. Brachymetatarsia of the first metatarsal is also kno
13 KB (1,923 words) - 12:46, 12 December 2022
...habilitation-in-conflicts-and-disasters/ Early Rehabilitation in Conflicts and Disasters.] London, UK: Handicap International. 2020. p166-167
...habilitation-in-conflicts-and-disasters/ Early Rehabilitation in Conflicts and Disasters].
8 KB (1,176 words) - 10:46, 1 June 2022
...User:Hannah Duncan|Hannah Duncan]], [[User:Hilary Zachary|Hilary Zachary]] and [[User:James Passmore|James Passmore]] as part of the [[Texas State Univers
...as a Maissonneuve fracture. <ref name="Clanton">5. Clanton T. Syndesmotic ankle sprains in athletes. International SportMed Journal. 2003;4 (4):1-10.
6</
16 KB (2,378 words) - 20:09, 15 July 2022
...d between the toes and the ankle (between the tarsal bones in the hindfoot and the phalanges in the forefoot).
...system with fibers between C2 and M2, just as crossed fibers between C3-M2 and C2-M3<ref name=":0" />.''<u><br></u>''
26 KB (3,860 words) - 22:31, 15 March 2024
