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...ol of the lower limb are likely to result in altered positioning and weight-bearing in the foot. === Specific Foot Conditions ===

...ine to the pelvis, facilitating load transfer from the lumbar spine to the lower extremities. ...auses of pain. International journal of spine surgery. 2020 Feb 1;14(s1):S3-13. Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7041664/ (accesse

...my and basic approach. Ultrasonography. 2017 Apr; 36(2):120. </ref>.[[File:Leg veins.png|thumb|375x375px]] ...vein: where does reflux go? Jornal Vascular Brasileiro. 2013 Jun; 12(2):123-8.

...-leg-syndrome-management-a-review-of-physiotherapeutic-modalities-and-their-efficacy#!/ A Review of Physiotherapeutic Modalities and Their Efficacy]. Cu == Causes of Restless Leg Syndrome ==

...tings to monitor neurological and musculoskeletal conditions.[[File:Single Leg Stance.jpg|border|thumb|412x412px]] ...rapy'', ''30''(1), 8–15. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1519/00139143-200704000-00003</nowiki></ref>

...is often conducted using a stopwatch and a 50 cm-long metal beam with a non-slip surface. ...ight, body weight, gender, and test conditions. Perform an appropriate warm-up.

...ries to the lumbar spine (1.1 - 3.4 injuries per squad per season) and the lower limb (0.3 - 5.9 injuries per squad per season (Orchard, 2006). # Scientific evaluation (intervention efficacy assessment under "ideal conditions")

...m (Latin: ''os ischii'') is a paired bone of the [[pelvis]] that forms the lower and back part of the [[Hip Anatomy|hip]] bone, as well as the posterior and # Body of the ischium - the portion that forms the posterior one-third of the acetabulum.

Hemiplegia is paralysis of the muscles of the lower face, arm, and leg on one side of the body. In addition to motor problems other losses may occ ...Dr. V.S.Nandakumar<nowiki/>https://www.slideshare.net/danny14871/hemiplegia-43636165 ''(accessed 29 June 2018)''</ref>

...us Thrombosis. Medscape 2017 https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1911303-workup (Accessed on 3rd July, 2018).</ref>. #Once the knee is extended the examiner raises the patient’s straight leg to 10 degrees, then passively and abruptly dorsiflexes the foot and squeeze

...sed by people who cannot use their legs to support their weight (from short-term injuries to lifelong disabilities). ...an axilla bar, a handpiece and double uprights joined distally by a single leg. They are adjustable in height; both the overall height and handgrip height

...scopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 2022 Apr 1;38(4):1189-92.</ref> [[File:Lower back pain.png|center|thumb|260x260px|Low Back Pain ]]

<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div> ...e [[balance]], decrease the risk of falling, help with weak musculature of lower legs, and to return to previous activity or facilitate patient mobility.

...networks for fast and slow human walking.] J Neurophysiol. 2010;103(1):183-91.</ref>As a result, an individual limb can be preferentially targeted for ...admill can be used to address deficits in stride length, gait speed, weight-bearing, etc. This intervention is most often used with individuals after [[

...wellhealth.com)[https://www.verywellhealth.com/gastrocnemius-muscle-anatomy-4684083]</ref> ...ew image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/gastrocnemius-muscle</ref>

...[[Gracilis|gracillis]]. These muscles primarily function to move the thigh/lower extremity closer to the body's central axis. Additionally, the Pectineus mu ...tatpearls.com/articlelibrary/viewarticle/24169/ . Anatomy, bony pelvis and lower limb, thigh muscles].Available:https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/vi

...nch which joins the [[Sural Nerve|sural]] nerve in the middle third of the leg. ...In addition it supplies the skin over the lateral lower two-thirds of the leg and the whole of the dorsum of the foot except for the area between the 1st

...an intermediate phase of rehabilitation with support one the only amputee leg has been realized, using a weight bearing harness. Without final consolidat ...ening. During the crash, she has been amputated under left knee. The right leg was broken and required a surgery with an external fixator and a skin graft

...exercises on elderly people. Indian Journal of Gerontology. 2021;35(4):483-94.</ref> ...ella, the middle of the tibia, and to the ankle joint of the contralateral leg

...lis Posterior''' is located deep in the posterior compartment of the lower leg and situated between the [[Flexor Digitorum Longus|Flexor Digitorium Longus Proximal postero-lateral aspect of the tibia.

...have recognised trauma and complications of management of musculoskeletal conditions by traditional bone setters as the leading cause of amputation in Nigeria. ...nt on his way to the farm and had a comminuted tibia fracture of the right leg. He was taken to a primary health center within the village but due to lack

...the Back or Lower Extremities. Archives of Neurology]. 1961 Dec 1;5(6):673-8.</ref>. ...A NEW SIGN FOR THE DETECTION OF MALINGERING AND FUNCTIONAL PARESIS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES. Journal of the American Medical Association. [https://jamanetw

..." is a [[Muscle Energy Technique|Muscle Energy Technique (MET)]] used to re-align the pelvis and treat a variety of pelvic dysfunctions. ...Pain" ''Journal of Osteopathic Medicine'', vol. 119, no. 11, 2019, pp. e42-e43. </ref>

==== Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) ==== ...ric Pain Rating Scale|Numeric Pain Reporting Scale]] (NPRS 0-10) and the [[Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS)]] both of which are generic outcome measu

...ood]] and nutrients throughout the body. At any point in time, nearly three-fourths of the circulating blood volume is contained in the venous system.<r ...vailable: https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/524180/11-amazing-facts-about-veins (accessed 15.7.2021)</ref>

Case Study Lower Limb Amputation: Amputee Case Study A case study about a 10-year-old Nepali boy, receiving amputation surgery following his congenital club f

...y painful ankle, reduced functional ability, and increased likelihood of re-injury. Care should also be taken to avoid missing the less common causes of [[File:Cross-section_of_ankle.png|right|frameless|300x300px]]

...tellofemoral Pain Syndrome|patellofemoral pain syndrome]]; [[Low Back Pain|lower back pain]]; [[osteoarthritis]]; [[Rheumatoid Arthritis|rheumatoid arthriti ...lable from: <nowiki>https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/hip-and-thigh-muscles</nowiki></ref>

...thopedic emergency that relies heavily on precise clinical findings. Lower leg ACS is a condition in which increased pressure within a [[Muscle Cells (Myo ...r leg: a review.] The Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 2016 Apr 1;12(4):265-70. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4970751/<nowiki/

[[File:Gait-Cycle.jpg|right|frameless|558x558px]] ...lthline Antalgic gait Available: https://www.healthline.com/health/antalgic-gait#takeaway (accessed 20.7.2021)</ref>

...ankle joint]], an articulation between the [[tibia]] and [[fibula]] of the leg and the [[talus]] of the [[Foot Anatomy|foot]]. See the page for [[Ankle Jo ...together create an architectural vault, which is one of the strongest load-bearing structures known to mankind.<ref>The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britan

..., Published in India by arrangement with Baillier Tindall, london 2005 p 33-37 </ref> |Balances lower leg on foot

...registered clinical trial. Journal of Athletic Training. 2017 Jun;52(6):592-605. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5488851/<nowiki # Strength of lower extremity

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]. ...] The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. 1985 Nov;67(5):741-6.</ref>This is often referred to as the Trendelenburg test but should not b

<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div> ...ordiae’s admission statement can be accessed from http://www.mater.ie/about-us/mission/ and the specialities of the physiotherapy department from http:/

...VanBlarcom CW, editor. [https://www.thejpd.org/article/S0022-3913(99)70234-9/fulltext The glossary of prosthodontic terms]. Mosby; 1999.</ref>, support ...indications and methods]. American family physician. 2009 Sep 1;80(5):491-9.</ref>

...s. Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary, 2012. Available from: https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/thrombophlebitis (last accessed: 26.09.2020 <div class="col-md-6"> {{#ev:youtube|FwyTCcYNfm8 |250}} </div>

...ht bearing]] and stability of [[Gait|gait.]] An essential component of the lower [[Closed Chain Exercise|kinetic chain]]. ...B. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532982/ Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Femur.] InStatPearls [Internet] 2019 Jul 3. StatPearls Publishing.Ava

...B. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538262/ Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Femoral Artery]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): Sta ...e changes to the [[Popliteal Fossa|popliteal]] artery which provides oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the knee compartment. The deep femoral artery give

...l border of the popliteus muscle, deep to gastrocnemius and soleus. In the leg, it is accompanied by the posterior tibial vessels and lies in the tarsal t ...erve#1 .] Available from: https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/tibial-nerve#1 (last accessed 17/03/2019).</ref> It also has articular and cutaneou

...ay or may not experience back pain along with radiculopathy, but roughly 12-40% of people with back pain also experience radiculopathy symptoms.<ref nam ...disord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12891-022-05196-x Effects of non-surgical decompression therapy in addition to routine physical therapy on pa

...pain and dysfunction of lateral epicondylalgia.] Pain. 1996 Nov 1;68(1):69-74.</ref>Neural mobilization, as a treatment technique, was introduced nearl ...s/261-neural-manipulation.pdf https://www.iahe.com/docs/articles/261-neural-manipulation.pdf.] (Accessed 31 May 2022) </ref>

...bs: a protocol of a systematic review]. Systematic Reviews. 2019 Dec;8(1):1-6.</ref> ...A thorough assessment is required to not only diagnose tendinopathy in the lower limb but also to identify the contributing and aggravating factors that hav

...d controlled study. Journal of rehabilitation medicine. 2015 Jan 5;47(1):31-7.</ref> ...of musculoskeletal condition and reduce spasticity in certain neurological conditions. <br>

.... [https://now.aapmr.org/biomechanic-of-gait-and-treatment-of-abnormal-gait-patterns/ Biomechanic of Gait and Treatment of Abnormal Gait Patterns].</ref ...opedic problems (e.g. osteoarthritis and skeletal deformities) and medical conditions (e.g. heart failure, respiratory insufficiency, peripheral arterial occlusi

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...f patellar tendon ruptures: Evidence today.] The Knee. 2015 Jun 1;22(3):148-55.</ref> The tear can be partial, with only some fibers torn, or complete

...</ref>, specifically spatial and temporal accuracies <ref name=":1" />, in conditions such as [[stroke]], [[Spinal Cord Injury|spinal cord injuries]], [[ataxia]] It is a coordination test where individuals are required to move their lower extremity at their maximal capacity. <ref name=":1" /> It is able to detect

...i.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546698/#_article-21883_s2_ Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Foot.] InStatPearls [Internet] 2021 Aug 11. StatPearls Publishing. Ac ...nctional representations in the literature.] The foot. 2014 Dec 1;24(4):203-9. Accessed 15 June 2022.</ref>

...wska]] based on course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/rina-pandya/ Rina Pandya] ...total hip arthroplasty. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics. 2017 Aug;51(4):359-67.</ref>

...ee disorders. ''Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research'' 1989: 246: 238-249.</ref> ...onstructions]] among athletes, the CKRS is applicable to a variety of knee conditions such as articular cartilage restorative procedures, meniscus repairs or tra

...Janda's work. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 2010 July;14:299-301</ref> The [[Hamstrings|hamstrings]] are frequently found to be tight in ...p; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Figure 1: lower crossed syndrome&nbsp;<ref name="Janda" />

...ght|frameless]]The Kemp test (also known as the quadrant test and extension-rotation test) is a provocative test useful for diagnosing pain related to [ ...d.<ref>Radiopedia Kemp Test Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/kemp-test?lang=gb (accessed 26.9.2022)</ref>

...iginal Editors '''- [[User:Kathryn Schwartzkopf-Phifer|Kathryn Schwartzkopf-Phifer]], [[User:Roel De Groef|Roel De Groef]] ...chronic knee injuries]. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 1986;14:88-91.fckLRhttp://ajs.sagepub.com/content/14/1/88.short (accessed 18 July 2013)

...fessional Road Cyclists.] The American journal of sports medicine. 38. 2494-501. 10.1177/0363546510376816. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/ # Too much hip flexion, flexing lower back and causing core abdominal muscles to be in a poor position to work ef

...nsor_hallucis_longus_muscle</ref> in the anterior compartment of the lower leg. It&nbsp;provides the only active extension force to the interphalangeal jo [[Image:Extensor-hallucis-longus.jpg|right|300x400px]]

...ease Imaging. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/406458-overview (accessed 25/05/2020).</ref> ...%2Faws4_ Blount disease.] Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 2009;91(7):1758-76.</ref> This can be described by the effects of increased weight on the gr

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/donna-fisher/ Donna Fisher]<br> ...es]] (AFOs). They are designed for patients with extensive weakness in the lower limbs. The purpose of these complex orthoses are to:

...reported that these injuries are responsible for about 10–25% of all sports-related injuries. ...terior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention.] JOSPT 2023, Jan 1; 53(1): CPG1-34.</ref> These guidelines provide evidence on exercises, their components,

...E] Available from:https://opentextbc.ca/clinicalskills/chapter/introduction-3/ (last accessed 9.10.2020)</ref>. ...ael A, Olawoye O, Oluwatosin O. [https://www.njps.org/article.asp?issn=0794-9316;year=2016;volume=12;issue=2;spage=47;epage=49;aulast=Iyun;type=0 Percep

Lower limb disease especially linked to diabetes causes a significant number of a ...t coals that burned through the sole of his shoe. Poor blood supply in his leg and foot hindered wound healing, the blisters got infected and turned into

The lower leg is made up of two bones: the [[Tibia|tibia and fibula.]] The tibia is the l ...al Eminence Fracture) is a break at the top of the tibia bone in the lower leg near the knee as a result of high amounts of tension placed upon the Anteri

[[File:Tibia - frontal view.png|thumb|Pain generally in the inner and lower 2/3rds of tibia.|alt=|240x240px]] ...tress-syndrome-1<nowiki/>(accessed 2.6.2022)</ref>. It presents as exercise-induced pain over the anterior [[tibia]] and is an early stress injury in th

<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div> {{#ev:youtube| ZEgD-Mn5ftc|width}}

...nerves Available: https://musculoskeletalkey.com/nerves-innervation-of-the-spine/<nowiki/>(accessed 6.2.2022)</ref> ...inal Nerves Available: https://www.verywellhealth.com/spinal-nerves-anatomy-4682599<nowiki/>(accessed 6.2.2022)</ref>

...e has ceased.<ref name=":0" />Its progressive nature is more often seen in conditions of neurologic and systemic involvement.<ref name=":2" /> While it can occur ...sis. Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. 2013 Feb 1;99(1):S124-39.[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877056812002745]</re

...ased on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/krista-eskay/ Krista Eskay]<br> ...siology, clinical presentation and assessment of lower extremity torsional conditions and basic interventions.

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] [[File:Right-femoral-stress-fracture.png|thumb|Bone scan]]

...a stabilizer of the hip joint.] EFORT Open Reviews. 2021 vol. 6(7), pp. 545-555. </ref> ...attaches to the upper part of the same line. These two bands create the Y-shape. In some anatomical variations this division does not exist, and the l

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...e), or cystic. Lesions can then be subdivided as stable or unstable and non-displaced or displaced. The stability of a lesion can be assessed directly w

...ing pain along the course of the [[Sciatic Nerve|sciatic nerve]] from the lower back or buttock to one or both legs or an associated [[Sacral Plexus|lumbos ...ring to any [[Low Back Pain|low back pain]] or [[Radiculopathy|radicular]] leg pain as sciatica<ref name=":6" />.

...n.com/walking-can-relieve-leg-pain-in-people-with-peripheral-artery-disease-151240<nowiki/>(accessed 6.6.2021)</ref> [[File:Smoking-1026556 960 720-2.jpg|right|frameless]]

...thus most commonly occur in competitive cross-country runners and track-and-field athletes. <ref name=":0">Roche M, Fredericson M, Kraus E. Bone Stress ...last for longer, making the person more irritable. The pain can arise with lower impact activities such as walking, and a local [[Inflammation Acute and Chr

[[File:Leg length discrepancy after hip replacement.jpg|right|frameless|500x500px]] ...he effect of LLD on function, and its role in various neuromusculoskeletal conditions<ref name=":0" />.<br>

...ent syndrome: evaluation and management. ''Hand clinics'', ''34''(1), pp.53-60.</ref>. ...ournal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2011 Jan 1;19(1):49-58.</ref> (most common)

...ilates]] in people with [[:Category:Neurological - Conditions|neurological conditions]].<ref>Cronin E, Roberts D, Monaghan K. Neuropilates to improve motor funct ...rolled trials. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2017 Oct 1;41(4):205-14.</ref>. <ref name=":0" />

...se of lumbosacral pain. J. Kor. Neurosurg. Soc. September 2008, 44 (3): 166-169.</ref> * During the [[gait]], alternating flexion and extension of the lower limbs would impart alternating twisting forces on the [[pelvis]] around its

...Quadriceps tendon rupture - treatment results.Med Pregl 2013;66(11-12):453-8.</ref> ...on extensor function, while complete tendon tears may totally impede lower leg extension.<ref name=":3">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482389/ (acc

...ng of the arteries which is caused by inadequate blood flow usually to the lower limbs. ...n exertion with an altered gait typical of intermittent [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Claudication#:~:text=Claudication%20is%20mainly%20a%20symptom,diag

...itor '''- [[User:Lorenza Perez|Lorena Perez]] as part of [http://www.physio-pedia.com/ICRC_Cerebral_Palsy_Content_Development_Project#Articles_to_be_dev ...: Dyskinetic and Ataxic. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3s-n4eFypPc [last accessed 13/08/16]</ref>

..., diagnosis, and treatment]. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2005 Nov 1;101(5):1440-53.</ref> made up of the [[sacrum]] and the two innominates of the [[pelvis] ...mbosacral Biomechanics|effective load transfer]] between the spine and the lower extremities.

[[File:Runners-knee SAG.jpeg|right|frameless]] ...edicine Insights: Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2014 Jan;7:CMAMD-S14386.Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4039183/<nowi

...oot drop: where, why and what to do?. ''Pract Neurol''. 2008 Jun. 8 (3):158-69. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].</ref> Ankle and foot dorsiflexors, namely the tibi ...of pathologic conditions that localize along the full course of upper and lower motor neuron pathways which often overlap in clinical presentation.<ref nam

...ased on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/krista-eskay/ Krista Eskay]<br> ...nding on the gestational age, preterm can be further divided into three sub-categories:

...Shores JT, M.D. [https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/amputation Health and Amputation by John Hopkins Medicine]. ...le from: <nowiki>https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/treatment-tests-and-therapies/amputation</nowiki>

[[File:Distal-femoral-fracture.png|thumb|290x290px|Distal-femoral-fracture]] ...femoral fracture Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/distal-femoral-fracture (accessed 11.12.2022)</ref>Other names: Supracondylar femur fractur

...ent syndrome. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/307668-overview (accessed 06/04/2020).</ref> ...ilable from: https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/compartment-syndrome/ (accessed 04/06/2020). </ref>

...sacroiliac (SI) joints, and a common cause of buttocks or [[Low Back Pain|lower back pain]]. Inflammation of the [[Sacroiliac Joint|sacroiliac joint]] may Various conditions result in the inflammation of the SI joint, leading to significant pain.

...re dermatomes? Available:https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-are-dermatomes (accessed 25.5.2022)</ref> {{#ev:youtube|https://www.youtube.com/ |Back, upper buttock, anterior thigh and knee, medial lower leg

...s a is a key physical impairment in [[Neurological Disorders|neurological conditions]] limiting mobility.<ref name=":2" /> Resistance training has been found t ...trengthening program: a randomised trial.''Aust J Physiother.'' 2007:53:147-153.

...h lower Quality of Life (QoL), depression and extremely high annual medical-care costs. * Higher body-mass-index (BMI)

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...www.physioadvisor.com.au/10426550/adductor-tendonitis-adductor-tendinopathy-phys.htmfckLRfckLRfckLRfckLR </ref>

...practice.] Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation. 2012 Jan 1;18(1):28-33</ref> For example, FES can be used to activate [[Tibialis Anterior|tibial .../canada’s-first-arm-cycling-program-parkwood-institute-patients-spinal-cord-injury]</ref>

...J, Huntley JS.Swelling around a child's knee. Clin Anat. 2011 Oct;24(7):914-7.</ref>. ...nale ST, ed. Campbell's operative orthopaedics. St Louis: Mosby; 1998: 1113-1299.</ref>.

[[File:Equinus deformity X-ray.jpg|thumb|319x319px|equinus foot X-ray]] ...f>Equinus. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/pes-equinus&#x20;. Pes equinus - an overview] | ScienceDirect Topics.</ref>

== Images (9-item tool) == == Objective (9-item tool) ==

The Diabetic trans-femoral amputee: Amputee Case Study ...the valuable lessons learned regarding the management of the diabetic trans-femoral amputee.
 Key learnings: to be realistic with mobility expectation

* The extracellular space constitutes about one-third of total body water, which is further divided into intravascular plasm ...le from: https://medicinetoday.com.au/sites/default/files/cpd/MT2015-06-026-KUMARASINGHE.pdf<nowiki/>(last accessed 18.10.2020)</ref>.

...tml#S1 Gluteal muscle contracture: diagnosis and management options]. SICOT-J. 2017;3.</ref>. Acquired gluteal fibrosis/ contracture is the most common ...nd happen because of intramuscular gluteal injection it known as “Injection-Contracture”, or injuries around the hip<ref name=":0" />.

...ditors ''' - [[User:Jacob Wong|Jacob Wong]] as part of [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Category:The_University_of_Waterloo_Biomechanics_Project The Unive ...er. 2010;172:3325-9.</ref>. Tendinopathy is a term that describes clinical conditions of tendons that arise from [[Overuse Injuries in Sport |overuse]]<ref name=

[[File:Ankle edema .jpg|thumb|Right foot and ankle edema- 2 weeks post-surgery]] ...Leg edema assessment and management.] Medsurg Nursing. 2014 Jan 1;23(1):44-53.</ref>