...]] (ES) group (the intermediate layer of the intrinsic [[Back Muscles|back muscles]]). The ES is made of three subgroups, with the group divisions occurring b
...muscles, which spinalis belong to, are the most powerful extensors of the spine.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
3 KB (371 words) - 06:32, 4 February 2022
[[File:Muscles of the cervical region intermediate muscles Primal.png|thumb|437x437px]]
...ia Erector Spinae Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/erector-spinae-group?lang=us (accessed 4.2.2022)</ref>.
2 KB (309 words) - 06:55, 4 February 2022
[[File:Muscles of the back erector spinae group Primal.png|thumb|442x442px]]
...al column of the [[Erector Spinae|erector spinae]], named the [[Spinalis]] muscles.
2 KB (222 words) - 07:00, 4 February 2022
...acis) based on their superior attachments and location. The erector spinae muscles, including longissimus, are the most powerful extensors of the vertebral co
The tips of transverse process of all thoracic vertebrae and the lower 9 or 10 ribs between the tubercles and angles <ref
2 KB (272 words) - 07:05, 5 February 2022
[[File:250px-Iliostalis.png|thumb|Iliocostalis]]
The [[Iliocostalis]] muscles are the most lateral components of the [[Erector Spinae|erector spinae grou
2 KB (296 words) - 02:37, 6 February 2022
[[File:Semispinalis c.jpg|thumb|Deep back muscles]]
...olved muscles are: [[Back Muscles|back extensor miuscles]] (intrinsic back muscles) aided by [[Latissimus Dorsi Muscle|latissimus dorsi]], [[Quadratus Lumboru
5 KB (662 words) - 02:05, 31 January 2022
[[File:Deep back muscles.png|thumb|Deep muscles of the back.]]
...subgroups: semispinalis, [[Lumbar Multifidus|multifidus]] and [[Rotatores Muscles|rotatores]].
6 KB (817 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...muscle group is a very deep layer of muscles located on either side of the spine.
...spinalis Available: https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/semispinalis-muscle#1<nowiki/>(accessed 2.2.2022)</ref>
4 KB (496 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...with the tendons and muscles, provides a natural brace to help protect the spine from injury.
...https://www.coloradospineinstitute.com/education/anatomy/ligaments-tendons-muscles/ (last accessed 11.5.2020)</ref>.
6 KB (845 words) - 01:32, 8 December 2021
[[File:250px-Longissimus.png|thumb|Longissimus]]
...ilable:https://study.com/academy/lesson/longissimus-muscle-origin-insertion-function.html (accessed 5.2.2022)</ref>:
4 KB (479 words) - 10:29, 15 September 2023
...ion, when both splenius cervicis muscles contract they extend the cervical spine. <ref name=":0">Palastanga, N., & Soames, R. (2012). Anatomy and human move
...Available at: <https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/splenius-cervicis-muscle> [Accessed 26 November 2021].</ref>
2 KB (257 words) - 12:45, 26 November 2021
...es</ref> Often penetrated by the dorsal scapular<ref name=":0" /> and long thoracic nerves<ref name=":1">Bordoni B, Varacallo M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
...https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544222/ Anatomy, Head and Neck, Inter-scalene Triangle]. InStatPearls [Internet] 2021 Nov 5. StatPearls Publishing
3 KB (443 words) - 14:39, 16 December 2022
It is thicker and broader in the lumbar than in the thoracic region, it merges to thoracolumbar fascia.<ref name=":0" />
*The supraspinous ligament serves as a midline attachment for some important muscles.
3 KB (483 words) - 20:34, 8 September 2019
...he psoas minor muscle in human fetuses. Int J Morphol. 2012 Mar 1;30(1):136-9.</ref> There is limited research on the psoas minor muscle since its prese
...vertebrae. There are two psoas minors, if present, one on each side of the spine.
4 KB (670 words) - 01:10, 1 April 2024
...olumn inferior to the 6th cervical (C6) vertebra and superior to the first thoracic (T1) <ref name=":0" />.
[[File:Vertebra-prominens-grays-illustration.jpeg|right|frameless]]
4 KB (656 words) - 19:01, 8 March 2024
...d intrinsic [[Back Muscles|back muscles]] of the thoracolumbar region. The thoracic nerves also supply some of the areas of skin over the abdomen and axilla.
...s://www.marylandbackandneckpaindoctors.com/symptoms-of-thoracic-spine-nerve-damage/ (accessed 7,2,2022)</ref>.
6 KB (958 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
[[File:Muscles of the cervical region intermediate muscles Primal.png|thumb|399x399px|alt=|Top R arrow Spinalis Capitis]]
...tor spinae group is the intermediate layer of the intrinsic [[Back Muscles|muscles of the back]]. The erector spinae consists of three subgroups, with the gro
3 KB (464 words) - 06:34, 4 February 2022
...ces the spine at end of [[Range of Motion|range of motion]] and leaves the spine prone to acute and chronic injuries.
...ngs]], and low back. This exercise also relies on your [[Core Muscles|core muscles]] to assist in the movement.
5 KB (758 words) - 17:55, 29 August 2022
[[File:250px-Iliostalis.png|thumb|400x400px|Iliocostalis]]
...ia Erector Spinae Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/erector-spinae-group?lang=us (accessed 6.2.2022)</ref>.
5 KB (736 words) - 02:32, 6 February 2022
...diagnosis with clinical implications. Pain physician. 2016 Aug 1;19(6):363-72.</ref>It consists of long and slender tendons.
[[File:Sagittal section of the cervical spine Primal.png|right|frameless|400x400px]]
2 KB (262 words) - 19:37, 30 March 2021
[[File:Edgar-chaparro-sHfo3WOgGTU-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless|300x300px]]
The [[Back Muscles|muscles of the back]] can be arranged into 3 categories based on their location:
9 KB (1,326 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...eir corresponding [[Thoracic Vertebrae|thoracic vertebrae]], enclosing the thoracic cage from the posterior side.[[File:Gray312.png|Costovertebral articulation
# intra-articular ligament - attaches the intervertebral disc to the ridge in betwee
6 KB (952 words) - 13:30, 9 April 2024
<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div>
...hat page. It will look something like this: <br>'''Deep flexor muscles of the forearm Primal.png'''
21 KB (3,064 words) - 18:47, 14 June 2021
...ese muscles are vital for allowing free movement of the spine.[[Image:250px-Iliostalis.png|Iliocostalis lumborum bottom R, iliocostalis dorsi at centre|
...umborum Available: https://www.rehabmypatient.com/lumbar-spine/iliocostalis-lumborum (accessed 1.12.2021)</ref>
6 KB (839 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...cis is one of the four deep cervical flexor muscles (AKA anterior cervical muscles) together with [[Longus Capitis]], [[Rectus Capitis Anterior]] and [[Rectus
...portion arises from the front of the bodies of the first two or three thoracic vertebræ
3 KB (448 words) - 10:23, 22 July 2021
The ribs are the bony framework of the thoracic cavity.
...he main structure of the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] cage protecting the thoracic organs, however their main function is to aid [[Breathing Pattern Disorders
6 KB (901 words) - 11:05, 16 January 2024
[[File:Rotatores.png|thumb|Rotatores: deepest muscles in the transversospinalis group]]
...up]], the deep layer of the intrinsic [[Back Muscles|back muscles]]. These muscles lie between the transverse and spinous processes and are grouped by length
6 KB (794 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
[[File:Muscles back drawing.jpeg|thumb|Drawing Back Muscles |alt=]]
There are three major groups of back [[Muscle|muscles]]:
8 KB (1,054 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...arms in the opposite direction.<ref>[http://morphopedics.wikidot.com/lumbar-rotation#:~:text=Lumbar%20rotation%20can%20be%20preformed,of%20your%20lower%
...ournal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics. 2005 May 1;28(4):238-44.
3 KB (487 words) - 15:59, 29 October 2020
...153016392695/Effect-of-standing-postural-deviations-on-trunk-and-hip-muscle-activity.pdf?origin=publication_detail (last accessed 10.12.2019)</ref>
...a M, Kotwicki T. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5836359/ Non-structural misalignments of body posture in the sagittal plane]. Scoliosis a
8 KB (1,044 words) - 14:03, 21 May 2020
...[[trapezius]] to form parallel bands that pass inferolaterally from the [[Thoracic Vertebrae|vertebrae]] to the medial border of the [[scapula]]. Rhomboi
...J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534856/ Anatomy, Back, Rhomboid Muscles.] StatPearls [Internet]. 2021 Jul 26. Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go
10 KB (1,387 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...control study.] Brazilian journal of physical therapy. 2019 Jul 1;23(4):346-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6630105/#bi
* Stiff upper thoracic spine or rounded upper spine causing cervical spine to hyperextend to see ahead.
8 KB (1,232 words) - 16:23, 13 November 2021
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Thoracic Manipulation for Shoulder Dysfunction}}
...study. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2014 Jul;44(7):475-87.</ref>
7 KB (993 words) - 18:52, 17 January 2024
...ch provide cushioning between the vertebrae and absorb pressure put on the spine. It is a nearly universal condition in those who reach advanced age, but it
...023, July 12. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/249036-overview]</ref>. Although some people experience no symptoms, others may fee
5 KB (671 words) - 10:30, 14 October 2023
[[File:Muscles of the cervical region multifidus superficial layer Primal.png|thumb|Multif
.../article/S1356-689X(13)00087-8/pdf (accessed 9.2.2022)</ref> Neck extensor muscles needs to control the head (which can weigh an average of 4.5kg), and for th
7 KB (1,075 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...is one of the [[Core Muscles|core]] and [[Paraspinal Muscles|paraspinal]] muscles, is a large and superficial muscle that lies just deep to the [[Thoracolumb
...a Erector Spinae Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/erector-spinae-group?lang=us<nowiki/>(accessed 5.3.2022)</ref>
13 KB (1,715 words) - 13:29, 9 April 2024
The Quadratus Lumborum (QL) is the deepest [[Back Muscles|back muscle]] and originates from the [[Ilium|iliac crest]] and inserts on
Innervation of the QL is via the twelfth [[Thoracic Spinal Nerves|thoracic nerve]] and the spinal rami of the lumbar [[Spinal Nerves|spinal nerves]].
7 KB (1,060 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
[[File:Sam-burriss-zHSX9o2 B7Y-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless|375x375px]]
...o a compressed nerve root in the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic area]] of the spine. This is the least common location for radiculopathy. The symptoms often fo
10 KB (1,299 words) - 12:41, 25 April 2020
[[File:Sam-burriss-zHSX9o2 B7Y-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless|600x600px]]
...ge P. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19563667?dopt=Abstract Thoracic spine pain in the general population: prevalence, incidence and associated factor
7 KB (983 words) - 13:53, 29 January 2024
...hold in common the analysis of movement in the body and its effect on the spine. <ref>Functional Soft Tissue Examination and Treatment by Manual Metho
...s of the ELDOA exercises can be described both locally and generally Longer-range secondary effects are also described.
4 KB (551 words) - 07:44, 14 October 2016
[[File:Dead-lifts.png|thumb|Romanian Dead Lift]]
...tionary Romanian Deadlift Available:https://www.yourdictionary.com/romanian-deadlift (accessed 18.2.2022)</ref>. The deadlift is a [[Strength Training|s
7 KB (1,003 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...oney V . [https://www.elsevier.com/books/movement-stability-and-lumbopelvic-pain/9780443101786 Movement, Stability & Lumbopelvic Pain 2nd Edition] . Ph
...ligamentum flavum, causing pretension in the neutral position (interspinous-supraspinous thoracolumbar ligamentous complex)<ref name=":0" />
7 KB (1,004 words) - 12:25, 24 July 2023
<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">- </span>[[User:Joshua Samuel|Joshua Samuel]]
Scalene are a group of three pairs of muscles in the lateral neck: scalenus anterior, scalenus medius and scalenus poster
9 KB (1,366 words) - 21:58, 21 March 2023
...n the superior [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] spine and the inferior lumbar spine. It consists of 12 vertebrae that are distinct in shape and function from v
...e thoracic vertebrae are medium sized and heart shaped. They are all weight-bearing and generally increase in size from superiorly to inferiorly with an
13 KB (1,793 words) - 12:44, 27 May 2023
...capula]. 2021 Available from: <nowiki>https://www.theskeletalsystem.net/arm-bones/scapula.html</nowiki>. (accessed August 16 2023).</ref>.
The main part of the scapula, the body, consists of a somewhat triangular-shaped flat blade, with an inferiorly pointing apex, referred to as the infe
11 KB (1,564 words) - 13:34, 26 August 2023
...C6006542/ Comparison of core muscle activation between a prone bridge and 6-RM back squats.] Journal of human kinetics. 2018 Jun;62:43. Available: https
...: https://www.healthline.com/health/exercise-fitness/squats-benefits#bottom-line<nowiki/>(accessed 19.2.2022)</ref>.
5 KB (680 words) - 02:02, 20 February 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Wendy_Walker Wendy Walker]
...Muscles|paraspinal muscles]] from the muscles of the posterior [[Abdominal Muscles|abdominal wall]].
11 KB (1,671 words) - 14:33, 1 September 2023
...-04-10 at 3.26.18 PM.jpg|thumb|256x256px|external and internal intercostal muscles]]
...n their function<ref>https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/intercostal-muscles</ref>.
9 KB (1,391 words) - 16:28, 16 March 2023
Temporo-mandibular joint:<ref name=":1" />
== Canine Spine ==
17 KB (2,488 words) - 06:40, 17 October 2022
'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Chelsea_Mclene Chelsea Mclene]
...bone. It is a congenital overdevelopment of transverse process of cervical spine vertebra<ref>Fliegel BE, Menezes RG. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NB
8 KB (1,140 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
