Search results

  • ...e role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability.] Pain. 1993 Feb 1;52(2):157-68.Available:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8455963/ ...idance beliefs.<ref>Crombez, G., Vlaeyen, J. W., & Lysens, R. (1999). Pain-related fear and avoidance: A review of the literature. Clinical psychology review,
    4 KB (566 words) - 03:24, 14 October 2023
  • ...impose a significant burden on individuals, organizations and society. The Workplace musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), in particular, are among the leading caus The WHO report highlighted that specific data relating to work-related musculoskeletal diseases in developing countries is unfortunately, lacking.
    3 KB (476 words) - 16:12, 7 February 2023
  • ...ance. It is both pleased and proud to have led this project to develop the Pain section in Physiopedia.&nbsp; ...Education/CurriculumDetail.aspx?ItemNumber=2055 IASP Curriculum Outline on Pain for Physical Therapy].
    7 KB (916 words) - 09:04, 28 July 2023
  • ...arly research, therefore, explored issues such as hazards, trends and work related ill-health.<ref name=":0" /> ...hrestha N, Kukkonen-Harjula KT,, Verbeek JH, Ijaz S, Hermans V, Pedisic Z. Workplace interventions for reducing sitting at work (Cochrane Review). Cochrane Data
    16 KB (2,233 words) - 01:23, 23 November 2022
  • Ergonomics is the study of people in their workplace and is the process in which workplaces, products and systems are designed o ...earn/neck-pain/ neck] and [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Low_Back_Pain back pain], and [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Carpal_Tunnel_Syndrome carpal tunnel sy
    9 KB (1,178 words) - 14:26, 27 October 2022
  • == What is Neck Pain? == ...he Global Burden of health 2010 Study as "pain in the neck with or without pain referred into one or both upper limbs that lasts for at least one day"<ref
    9 KB (1,358 words) - 11:30, 15 November 2023
  • ...efficacy, and a weaker belief in one’s ability to perform or return to the workplace. In contrast, engaging in work life provides many benefits: improved mental ...mood), which may, in turn, affect their daily functioning, including work-related aspects.<ref name=":2" />
    16 KB (2,268 words) - 10:38, 7 July 2023
  • ...ih.gov/pubmed/20227644 Costa-Black KM, Loisel P, Anema JR, Pransky G. Back pain and work. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 2010. 24(2): 227-40.]</ref> ...en W (2003). Occupational health guidelines for the management of low back pain: an international comparison. ''Occupational Environmental Medicine,'' 60
    13 KB (1,967 words) - 15:06, 4 November 2019
  • ...overnment/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/817124/health-in-the-workplace-statistics.pdf. [Accessed 13 April 2020].</ref> There is evidence to sugges ...lyvholm MA, Holtermann A. Long-term sickness absence from combined factors related to physical work demands: prospective cohort study. Eur J Public Health. 20
    18 KB (2,506 words) - 03:00, 24 October 2023
  • ..."strain" type injuries accounted for 22.3% of all lost time to the Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Board<ref name=":5" />. Acupuncture is commonly utilis Used as an antiemetic point especially during pregnancy and post-operative pain.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
    8 KB (1,171 words) - 13:01, 1 March 2022
  • ...ras S, Blais R, Swaine B, Rossignol M. Management of work-related low back pain: a population-based survey of physical therapists. Phys Ther 2005;85(11):11 Work-related low back pain (WRLBP) is a major cause of work absenteeism and accounts for a high propor
    20 KB (2,913 words) - 02:36, 15 July 2019
  • ...nd especially persistent pain.&nbsp;<ref>Griensven HV, Storng J, Unruh AM. Pain - A Textbook for Health Professionals. 2nd ed. Churchill Livingston, Elsevi ...supportive measures in place.&nbsp;<ref>Griensven HV, Storng J, Unruh AM. Pain - A Textbook for Health Professionals. 2nd ed. Churchill Livingston, Elsevi
    13 KB (2,028 words) - 21:25, 2 October 2018
  • ...es of [[Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries and Prevention|injury in the workplace]]. ...lifting/ Lifting and handling material] Available from:https://ehs.unc.edu/workplace-safety/ergonomics/lifting/ (last accessed 13.9.2020)</ref>.
    4 KB (595 words) - 06:59, 24 April 2022
  • ...rd G, Jun D, O’Leary S, Johnston V. Workplace-based interventions for neck pain in office workers: systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical therapy. 2 ...emphasizes the need for workplace interventions to reduce and prevent neck pain in office workers, as well as reduce costs and improve productivity.<ref na
    10 KB (1,410 words) - 14:36, 29 January 2024
  • ...lace and deals with musculoskeletal disorders possibly associated with the workplace. Understanding the importance of physical ergonomics contributes to optimiz ...Syndrome|carpal tunnel syndrome,]] [[Office Ergonomics and Neck Pain|neck pain]], and/or shoulder stiffness.<ref>Samad, M. A. Ergonomics and the Preventio
    13 KB (1,755 words) - 13:52, 7 December 2023
  • ...le completing work duties<ref>McLeod G, Murphy M, Henare T, Dlabik B. Work-related musculoskeletal injuries among Australian osteopaths: A preliminary investi ...eletal Disorders & Ergonomics | Workplace Health Strategies by Condition | Workplace Health Promotion | CDC [Internet]. Cdc.gov. 2020 [cited 26 April 2020]. Ava
    15 KB (2,024 words) - 11:33, 18 July 2023
  • ...chke N, Kamper SJ, Maher CG. The epidemiology and economic consequences of pain. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Jan;90(1):139–47.</ref>. ...n of pain<ref name="Hecke 2013">Hecke O van, Torrance N, Smith BH. Chronic pain epidemiology and its clinical relevance. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Jan 7;111(1):13
    12 KB (1,767 words) - 20:22, 14 February 2021
  • ...ww.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09638288.2021.1897886 Managing shoulder pain: a meta-ethnography exploring healthcare providers’ experiences]. Disabil ...n: measuring the prevalence and nature of verbal interruptions during back pain consultations, Journal of Communication in Healthcare. 2018;11:2:95-105.</r
    17 KB (2,483 words) - 23:00, 5 November 2023
  • * Workplace safety guidelines<ref name=":6">Zenbaba D, Sahiledengle B, Bonsa M, Tekaleg ...delines|Neck]] and [[Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)|shoulder]] pain
    11 KB (1,623 words) - 17:47, 3 February 2022
  • ...www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/5/1275/pdf Associated risk factors with low back pain in white-collar workers—A cross-sectional study]. Journal of Clinical Med ...1186/s12891-019-2826-3 Psychosocial areas of worklife and chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.] BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019;20(
    21 KB (2,959 words) - 03:04, 7 November 2023
  • .../onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04905.x Low back pain: prevalence and associated risk factors among hospital staff]. Journal of a ...d as either acute, recurrent or [[Chronic Low Back Pain|chronic]]. Chronic pain is the costliest health problem in the UK<ref name=":0" /> and contributes
    29 KB (4,217 words) - 15:39, 7 May 2024
  • ...with a high risk of having a serious disorder like an infection, [[Cancer Pain|cancer]], or a [[fracture]].<ref name=":7">Finucane LM, Downie A, Mercer C, * [[Thoracic Back Pain|thoracic pain]]
    19 KB (2,837 words) - 09:47, 2 November 2023
  • ....nlm.nih.gov/31653249/ Psychosocial areas of worklife and chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis]. ''BMC Musculoskelet Disord''. 2019 ...ttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29668841/ The impact of social isolation on pain interference: a longitudinal study]. ''Ann Behav Med''. 2019;53(1):65-74. d
    11 KB (1,509 words) - 19:36, 11 July 2023
  • ...00-300 level courses and provides an opportunity to further develop skills related to knowledge acquisition and communication. In this section we will develop *[[Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Back Pain|Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis]]
    9 KB (1,198 words) - 12:40, 27 October 2022
  • ...back pain.<ref name=":0">Will JS, Bury DC, Miller JA. Mechanical low back pain. American family physician. 2018 Oct 1;98(7):421-8.</ref> ...o T. What is the source of chronic low back pain and does age play a role? Pain medicine. 2011 Feb 1;12(2):224-33.</ref>
    15 KB (2,127 words) - 13:29, 9 April 2024
  • ...rophizing in patients with musculoskeletal pain-A modified Delphi study. ''Pain''. 2019;160(3):600-606.</ref>  It tends to affect an individual at least o ...ce in working rates for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions may be related to the fact that people are more likely to connect their health condition t
    24 KB (3,479 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
  • ...mics are an important consideration both when working from home and it the workplace. ...blems it is clear there is a link between work-related ergonomics and back pain. Explanations suggested for the high incidence rate were awkward or tiring
    33 KB (4,918 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
  • ...hief complaints, other relevant medical history, prior or current services related to the current episode, patient/family goals)<br>Self Report Outcome Measur ...at her desk at work. The patient does not believe any activities make the pain worse, but sitting upright in her desk chair at home provides some relief.
    17 KB (2,619 words) - 00:52, 14 July 2019
  • *Has had intermittent low back pain for as long as he can remember ...d describes that he had a decrease in pain for a period of time before the pain returned in his low back.&nbsp;
    12 KB (1,756 words) - 13:31, 2 December 2021
  • ...apists support people at all stages of life to recover from injury, reduce pain and stiffness, increase mobility and movement and maximise function and qua * Workplace - providing ergonomic assessments, pre-employment screening, risk managemen
    8 KB (1,000 words) - 13:42, 25 November 2022
  • ...2-41.</ref> Their presence in clients receiving physiotherapy for low back pain may be of significance when discussing prognosis and benefits of exercise t ...s an independent risk factor for episodes of severe and disabling low back pain. Spine. 2015 Aug 1;40(15):1187-93.</ref>
    11 KB (1,638 words) - 02:45, 15 October 2019
  • ...ach.] Annals of burns and fire disasters. 2020 Mar 31;33(1):3.</ref>. Fire-related burns are the most common type of burn, with over 90% occurring at home.<re ...ly loose clothing and wraps are seen as significant risk factors for flame related burns in '''younger women''' aged 16-35 years.<ref name=":2">Phuyal K, Ogad
    13 KB (1,917 words) - 05:06, 16 March 2022
  • ...mood disorders) and medical problems (e.g., arthritis, headaches, chronic pain). It can alter individual biology and behaviour over the life course, which ...mental health disorders, substance abuse, cardiovascular diseases, chronic pain disorders, etc.<ref>SAMHSA. Trauma-Informed Care in Behavioural Health Serv
    15 KB (2,033 words) - 23:28, 12 December 2022
  • ...er B. Epidemiology, common diagnoses, treatments and prognosis of shoulder pain: A narrative review. International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine. 2021 De ...vailable.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":7">Templehof S, Rupp S, Seil R. Age-related prevalence of rotator cuff tears in asymptomatic shoulders. Journal of Shou
    20 KB (2,853 words) - 22:40, 18 November 2022
  • ...promotes proprioceptive function, reducing the intensity and perception of pain. <ref name=":2" /> ...herapy on pain and functional ability in people with non-specific low back pain: a systematic review]. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies. 2020 Dec;2
    12 KB (1,648 words) - 20:07, 26 March 2024
  • ...ref>Balagué F1, Mannion AF, Pellisé F, Cedraschi C. Non-specific low back pain. Lancet. 2012 Feb 4;379(9814):482-91.</ref>. ...ne that is called “non-specific low back pain” and is defined as “low back pain not attributed to recognizable, known specific pathology”<ref name="Burto
    23 KB (3,461 words) - 11:16, 28 August 2023
  • [[File:Pain stress brain.png|right|frameless]] * Research has shown that two main factors of anxiety, specifically related to women, were being afraid of and/or humiliated by a current partner or ex
    15 KB (2,168 words) - 05:35, 17 June 2023
  • Cervicocephalic syndrome (CCS) includes pain and stiffness of the upper cervical spine with associated [[Cervicogenic He These symptoms may be related to [[Vascular Pathologies of the Neck|vertebrobasilar insufficiency]] where
    20 KB (3,029 words) - 18:48, 6 May 2021
  • ...ef>. Due to the broad impact of AS on various lifestyle factors, including pain and particularly quality of life, combined with the absence of a universall ...d pain of the lower back with AS patients commonly reporting stiffness and pain in the lower back, it shows how the improvement identified in the study can
    46 KB (6,543 words) - 16:21, 11 October 2023
  • ...iving environment also present physical barriers to access. They also lack related rehabilitation Services, which reduces the level of awareness and education ...b>When it’s difficult to avoid manual handling it’s possible to reduce the related complications and risk by adapting the working environment or systems used
    14 KB (2,062 words) - 04:42, 6 January 2023
  • ..., Alabiad C. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8192440/ Ocular related sports injuries.] Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 2021 Jun 1;32(4):1606-11 ...m.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2966561/ Prevalence and patterns of combat sport related maxillofacial injuries]. Journal of emergencies, trauma, and shock. 2010 Oc
    18 KB (2,682 words) - 16:38, 29 February 2024
  • ...ntal Health Foundation">The Mental Health Foundation. Mental Health in the Workplace: Tackling the effects of stress. http://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/content/ass [[Image:Workstress and illness.png|frame|center|20x20px|Work Related Stress]]
    75 KB (11,028 words) - 17:21, 2 November 2019
  • ...l distancing, area lockdown, travel restriction to the contaminated zones, workplace closure, postponement of medical visits unless it is an emergency, etc. Fac ...to long term success in restoring the physical function and decreasing the pain.<ref>Johal S, Nakano N, Baxter M, Hujazi I, Pandit H, Khanduja V. Unicompar
    13 KB (1,805 words) - 13:38, 11 January 2024
  • .../ref>. The recognition of advanced practitioners in specific areas such as pain and oncology is another development emerging as a result of changes in popu ...orders are a huge contributor to work-related illness and absence from the workplace. Musculoskeletal disorders make up one in eight approved absences from work
    30 KB (4,460 words) - 17:45, 3 January 2022
  • ...ol-kit|main project page]] for further information, or to return to [[Neck Pain Tool-kit: Step 1|Step 1]] to identify your patient. Otherwise, proceed to S ...regarding the use of manual therapy and exercise for the treatment of neck pain is presented below, organized by patient characteristics
    45 KB (5,815 words) - 12:14, 19 July 2019
  • ...reating displaced persons are often exposed to possible negative reactions related to several challenging aspects they face in this work. They are confro ...Health. 2023 Jan;20(3):2266.</ref> Additionally, there can be difficulties related to cultural competency required when working with this population.<ref>Thom
    36 KB (5,158 words) - 23:00, 17 May 2023
  • ...83 People with low back pain perceive needs for non-biomedical services in workplace, financial, social and household domains: a systematic review.] Journal of ...sk-factors-back-pain.pdf Modifiable risk factors in patients with low back pain.] Orthopedics. 2016 May 1;39(3):e413-6.</ref>
    26 KB (3,540 words) - 22:07, 27 January 2023
  • ...l diagnosis and physical therapy management of a patient with radial wrist pain of 6 months' duration: a case report. journal of orthopaedic & sports physi ...nd [[Extensor Pollicis Brevis|extensor pollicis brevis]] tendons and cause pain.
    21 KB (3,015 words) - 18:54, 18 October 2023
  • ...rsely, insufficient movement increases an individual's risk for immobility-related adverse events, such as pressure injuries, reduced range of motion, muscle ...1):511.</ref> Transfers can also increase the risk to patients for injury, pain, and negative health outcomes. It has also been found that manual handling
    27 KB (3,910 words) - 14:11, 3 September 2023
  • ...posure to complex and emotionally tense situations, closely related to the pain and suffering of the patients they attend as well as the strong emotions fr ...n for mindfulness in healthy individuals especially in healthcare and in a workplace setting.<ref name=":2" /> Mindfulness is viewed as particularly suited for
    17 KB (2,337 words) - 23:40, 23 October 2023
  • ...condition. Our interventions include musculoskeletal interventions for his pain and function, as well as referrals, education and self management strategie ...ittent hip pain since his teenage years. He has recently had worsening hip pain for about 6 weeks which is interfering with some of his regular activities
    27 KB (4,112 words) - 17:30, 21 November 2020
  • * [[Pain Mechanisms|Pain]] ...amples include outreach by rehabilitation personnel into a home, school or workplace; and regular mobile clinics where rehabilitation personnel deliver interven
    42 KB (5,662 words) - 10:45, 1 June 2022
  • ...tients, Beck recognised that these automatic negative thoughts were highly related to the individual’s emotions. Beck started to notice rapid improvements a ...>Gatchel RJ, Rollings KH. Evidence informed management of chronic low back pain with cognitive behavioural therapy. The Spine Journal 2008; 8(1):40–44.</
    34 KB (5,001 words) - 11:27, 18 August 2022
  • ...ol-kit|main project page]] for further information, or to return to [[Neck Pain Tool-kit: Step 1|Step 1]] to identify your patient. Otherwise, proceed to S ...th cervicogenic headache<br> 4.3 Whiplash associated disorder<br> 4.4 Neck pain with radiculopathy
    52 KB (6,904 words) - 10:57, 6 June 2017
  • ...1-year follow-up, plus resumption of driving and injury severity were also related to return to work. ...he person is tired, feeling depressed, experiencing social isolation or in pain. Psychological treatment including self-calming strategies, relaxation and
    12 KB (1,730 words) - 18:41, 14 November 2022
  • * Pain ...and management of carpal tunnel syndrome: a comprehensive review. Current pain and headache reports. 2019 Oct;23(10):1-8.</ref>:
    24 KB (3,435 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
  • * Early symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include pain, numbness, and paresthesias. Sensory changes and paresthesia along with med ...e into upper extremity, shoulder and neck. With further progression, night pain, hand weakness, decreased fine motor coordination,decreased grip strength,
    20 KB (2,727 words) - 14:25, 31 August 2023
  • ...ng programs in conjunction with hydrotherapy in order to limit fatigue and pain during treatment. Finally, aerobic recovery and function was addressed thro ...n. Fortunately, the patient does not report any lower extremity or truncal pain at this time.  Finally, the patient is a heavy smoker and has expressed a
    32 KB (4,755 words) - 11:43, 5 January 2022
  • ...osages for the use of manual therapy and exercise in the treatment of neck pain. ...bols) characterize the findings. The 'Manual therapy and exercise for neck pain: clinical treatment tool-kit' has not been formally evaluated, but treatmen
    31 KB (4,320 words) - 11:21, 18 August 2022
  • ...rt, elevate body parts and splint incision areas, and reduce postoperative pain during activity, coughing, or deep breathing. They should be of the appropr ...Kalichman L. Sliding sheet use in nursing practice: an intervention study. Workplace health & safety. 2020 Apr;68(4):171-81.</ref> Sliding sheets also have been
    17 KB (2,540 words) - 11:05, 12 March 2024
  • *Educators and Mentors related to<ref name="Summit" /> <ref name="Alappat" /> ...avioural Modification and Self Care for Managing Low Back Pain|lifestyle]]-related conditions (e.g. [[obesity]], [[diabetes]], [[Heart Failure|heart disease]]
    23 KB (3,155 words) - 12:58, 25 June 2023
  • ...l violence can take place within a variety of settings including the home, workplace, schools and the community. In many cases, it begins in childhood or adoles * Anal pain
    36 KB (5,315 words) - 11:45, 26 July 2022
  • ...e context of recovering from stroke and is known to correlate with domains related to quality of life.<ref>Mayo NE, Bronstein D, Scott SC, Finch LE, Miller S. * Back and neck pain study: When addressing patients in a rehabilitation setting, therapists' me
    33 KB (4,704 words) - 05:35, 21 June 2022
  • ...y<ref name=":4">Alger SE, Brager AJ, Capaldi VF. Challenging the stigma of workplace napping. Sleep. 2019; 42(8): 1-2</ref>. ...rticle/citation?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0117425 Napping Reverses Increased Pain Sensitivity Due to Sleep Restriction]. Plos One. 2015; 10(2): e0117425</ref
    28 KB (4,012 words) - 15:34, 31 March 2024
  • ...rough on instructions, fail to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace, or start tasks but quickly lose focus and get easily distracted . Several heart-related deaths have occurred in children and teenagers taking stimulants. Although
    28 KB (3,828 words) - 14:49, 27 September 2021
  • * Breast cancer-related [[Lymphoedema|lymphoedema]] (BCRL) is condition that a woman can develop an ...ctal carcinoma are a lump in the breast and breast tenderness (not usually pain).
    43 KB (6,236 words) - 09:35, 26 August 2022
  • ...trillion (£1.3 trillion) annual health care budget on physical inactivity related hospitalizations. <ref>Jinguan, L., 2013. Improving Chronic Disease Self-Ma ...uals to pain, disabling conditions, and musculoskeletal complaints. In the workplace, this may lead to injury, varying degrees of disability, absenteeism, reduc
    65 KB (9,382 words) - 16:10, 4 July 2023
  • ...can recover from any external disturbances to this state and it is closely related to the position of body’s center of gravity. ....com/journals/pd/2013/906274/</nowiki></ref> and 9% of patients with back pain experience poor balance and high risk of fall and age is the main determina
    38 KB (5,434 words) - 20:17, 8 May 2024
  • ...protection of healthcare workers from infectious disease exposures in the workplace requires a combination of controls: ...ound to cause reduced dexterity due to multiple glove layering. Back pain related to the respirator of the fully ventilated suit and impaired visibility by a
    32 KB (4,698 words) - 13:12, 2 May 2024
  • ...ficial or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to lawful sanctio ...uding physical symptoms. <ref>Whitton M. ''Vicarious traumatization in the workplace: a meta-analysis on the impact of social support'' (Doctoral dissertation,
    56 KB (8,042 words) - 05:28, 6 December 2022
  • ...ny improvements ie. marketing, equipment etc. <br>You are not subjected to workplace politics or hospital hierarchy ...Union Services (ERUS) staff should be contacted if any problems within the workplace arise.&nbsp;&nbsp;If self-employed, you are working under your own account
    43 KB (6,701 words) - 01:19, 26 September 2020
  • ...ol-kit|main project page]] for further information, or to return to [[Neck Pain Tool-kit: Step 1|Step 1]] to identify your patient. Otherwise, proceed to S ...stigating the use of manual therapy and exercise for the treatment of neck pain are presented below, organized by patient characteristics
    101 KB (14,330 words) - 03:15, 19 July 2019
  • ...gement-of-displaced-persons-with-pain-course/ Assessment and Management of Pain for Displaced Persons] # [https://members.physio-pedia.com/pain-assessment-and-management-for-displaced-persons-webinar-course/ Trauma Info
    122 KB (17,083 words) - 20:35, 3 February 2023
  • ...intment with his physician due to an increased frequency of errors in work-related fine motor tasks and overall difficulty with coordination. During this visi ...d as a result of numerous concerning signs, including accidents within the workplace and during leisure activities. Mr. Miller is currently in the early stages
    32 KB (4,723 words) - 17:08, 11 March 2024
  • ...ased on estimates that approximately one in three GP consultations are MSK related. An audit of the service since June 2015 suggests a 20% fall in referrals t ...t for patients with low back pain. This is more significant given low back pain is the most commonly presented MSK condition <ref name="PINNINGTON" />. A l
    100 KB (14,494 words) - 10:50, 23 May 2023
  • ...professionals, clinicians, students, assistants, and other rehabilitation-related health systems stakeholders. ...port learners with a personalized learning dashboard. For each course, the related learning activities were released on a specific course page. Participants e
    79 KB (11,507 words) - 11:48, 18 August 2022