...tcome survey and numeric pain rating scale in patients with patellofemoral pain. J Rehabil Med. 2009 Feb;41(3):129-35</ref><br>
3 KB (386 words) - 20:55, 7 April 2020
...nge in Pain Intensity: A Comparison of the P4 and Single-Item Numeric Pain Rating Scales. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther, 2004: 34(4): 187-93.</ref>
...M, Woodhouse L, Kennedy DM, Spadoni GF. Validating Self-Report Measures of Pain and Function in Patients Undergoing Hip or Knee Arthroplasty. Physiother Ca
3 KB (355 words) - 10:49, 26 July 2023
...tients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 1990;17:1022–4</ref> (man in pain, R)<br>
...a whole number (0–10 integers) that best reflects the intensity of his/her pain.<ref name="p3" />
8 KB (1,166 words) - 10:32, 26 July 2023
...s been designed and validated for LET, and the other is the [[Numeric Pain Rating Scale]] (NPRS). The NPRS is not specially designed for lateral Epicondyle
...is a population specific 15-item questionnaire designed to measure forearm pain and disability associated with (LET)
7 KB (961 words) - 17:16, 1 December 2022
...ned for achilles tendinopathy, and the [[Numeric Pain Rating Scale|Numeric Pain Reporting Scale]] (NPRS 0-10) and the [[Lower Extremity Functional Scale (L
...athy during rehabilitation: a review of outcome measures for self-reported pain and function.] International journal of sports physical therapy. 2018 Apr;1
12 KB (1,692 words) - 10:47, 3 December 2022
...ome_measures_in_chronic_low_back_pain Outcome measures in chronic low back pain.] European Spine Journal. 2010 Sep 1;19(9):1484-94.</ref>
* Helpful to redirect subjective assessment to function as opposed to pain
7 KB (965 words) - 13:07, 13 September 2021
== Pain Phases ==
...mportant to recognise the differences between acute and persistent/chronic pain and the implications for assessment and management of the patient:
9 KB (1,215 words) - 03:43, 31 July 2023
...bservation, and ePAT that is an electronic application developed to assess pain for people with dementia.
== Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) Scale ==
6 KB (883 words) - 02:18, 30 October 2019
...d to assess outcomes in any health care context cover domains (for example pain, physical function, perceived independence) that are relatively specific an
...Domain, all measures that achieved a “Recommended” or “Highly Recommended” rating in at least 3 of the 5 categories were patient- reported outcomes measuring
27 KB (3,157 words) - 16:30, 1 March 2022
...ate outcome and to monitor symptoms in patients with acute or chronic neck pain over time. It was developed at Northwick Park Hospital in Middlesex England
...bility The Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire, devised to measure neck pain and disability.] Rheumatology. 1994 May 1;33(5):469-74.</ref>.
6 KB (847 words) - 00:48, 11 August 2023
...JM. Some Factors Predict Short-Term Outcomes in Individuals with Shoulder Pain Receiving Cervicothoracic Manipulation: A Single-Arm Trial. Phys Ther.2010;
...ng five criteria are considered predictors of improved short term shoulder pain prognosis following cervicothoracic manipulation: <ref name="Mintken" />
6 KB (694 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...x (NDI) (modification of the [[Oswestry Disability Index|Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index]]).
...condition-specific functional status questionnaire with 10 items including pain, personal care, lifting, reading, headaches, concentration, work, driving,
11 KB (1,767 words) - 11:43, 15 November 2023
...n descriptors were brought together and categorized in three dimensions of pain experience:
...s in terms of tension, fear, and autonomic properties that are part of the pain experience
10 KB (1,468 words) - 12:40, 20 January 2022
...n. From the patient's perspective, this spectrum appears continuous; their pain does not take discrete jumps, as a categorization of none, mild, moderate a
...journal international. 2017 Feb;26(1):16-24.</ref>. In addition to rating pain, it has been used to evaluate mood<ref>Yeung AW, Wong NS. [https://www.fron
14 KB (2,078 words) - 10:31, 26 July 2023
*Pain (5 items): during walking, using stairs, in bed, sitting or lying, and stan
...Erythematosus|systemic lupus erythematosus]] and [[Low Back Pain|low back pain]].<ref name="ACR" />
5 KB (680 words) - 17:15, 17 January 2023
#**Patient-Reported Outcome Measure (PROM) e.g. Pain VAS/NRPS, LEFS, HOOS or KOOS
...utcome Score; LEFS = Lower Extremity Functional Scale; NRPS = Numeric Pain Rating Scale; PROMs = Patient-Reported Outcome Measures; SLS = Single Leg Stance;
12 KB (1,629 words) - 13:39, 11 January 2024
'''Pain:''' Obvious pain on movement of toes and ankles
=== Pain Assessment ===
4 KB (596 words) - 10:46, 1 June 2022
...the past six months, and residual limb pain rated 7-8/10 per numeric pain rating scale.
...motor Capability Index (LCI), Global Rating of Change (GROC), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), 6 minute walk test and L test<ref name="p2">Kaplan SL, Outcom
11 KB (1,661 words) - 18:53, 11 April 2020
===== Pain =====
Baseline pain levels and those during activity should always be recorded.
16 KB (2,359 words) - 09:23, 21 January 2023
...excess motion at the [[lateral meniscus]] (LM) that can cause lateral knee pain or tenderness, locking of the knee, or limitation of the range of motion du
...knee specifically in flexion and/or external rotation.<ref name=":0" /> Pain can be reproduced through application of a varus force at the knee with the
11 KB (1,516 words) - 20:28, 21 August 2023
...nnaire (QuickDASH) and Numeric Pain Rating Scale in patients with shoulder pain.] Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 2009 Nov 1;18(6):920-6.</ref>
8 KB (1,214 words) - 16:24, 11 November 2022
|Sensory Functions and Pain
=== Sensory Functions & Pain ===
11 KB (1,414 words) - 23:21, 26 November 2023
* Pain
...rs. Physiopedia. Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Available from: [[Numeric Pain Rating Scale|https://www.physio-pedia.com/Numeric_Pain_Rating_Scale]] (accessed 8
18 KB (2,575 words) - 20:16, 21 November 2020
...Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)] due to its success in pain control.
...ticles/PMC2498262/ Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for postoperative pain.] Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 1985 Mar;67(2):127.</
11 KB (1,540 words) - 15:23, 26 September 2020
[[File:3D model expressing hip pain.jpg|thumb|Hip Pain]]
...common, chronic musculoskeletal condition and a cause of [[Pain Assessment|pain]], functional disability and reduced quality of life <ref name="Poulsen">Po
9 KB (1,330 words) - 14:50, 19 January 2024
...was developed to assess pain in patients suffering from non specific neck pain (The Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire).
...t also takes the affective and cognitive aspects of neck pain and low back pain in account.
10 KB (1,511 words) - 00:27, 26 January 2020
* Back pain<ref name="p2" />,<ref name="p6" />
...ame="p9">Celletti C. Evaluation of Kinesiophobia and Its Correlations with Pain and Fatigue in Joint Hypermobility Syndrome/Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Hypermob
15 KB (2,074 words) - 12:38, 3 April 2024
....nlm.nih.gov/24856936/ Some physiotherapy treatments may relieve menstrual pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review.] Journal of physio
...lence of menstrual pain in young women: what is dysmenorrhea?]. Journal of pain research. 2012;5:169.</ref>
21 KB (3,010 words) - 22:32, 13 September 2023
* New or increasing pain
...iousness can be measured with either the AVPU (Alert, Verbally Responsive, Pain Responsive or Unresponsive) or the more detailed [[Glasgow Coma Scale]]. Th
22 KB (3,147 words) - 18:36, 23 November 2022
...tra M. Effect of Wrist Manipulation & Cyriax Physiotherapy Training on Pain & Grip Strength in Lateral Epicondylitis Patients. J Ex Sci Physiother.
...><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>'''-''' Pain-free grip improved 25% more with elbow manipulation compared to phonophores
26 KB (3,302 words) - 12:02, 2 August 2021
...[[menopause]] often do not have or develop associated [[arthritis]]. The pain may be associated with hormonal changes or secondary reversible conditions,
...n aged 40–60 and Spanish women aged 45–55 and in 21% of these women joint pain constitutes the most bothersome menopausal complaint. <ref name=":0" />
13 KB (1,780 words) - 03:47, 17 September 2023
...e patient has demonstrated a clear positive response with the abolition of pain and reduction in her self rated disability, using the [[Oswestry Disability
...g in nature and rated at 4/10 on the [[Numeric Pain Rating Scale|Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)]] with occasional radiation into the mid-anterior aspect of the
11 KB (1,649 words) - 11:20, 18 August 2022
...cerebral palsy (CP) whose primary complaint is of bilateral anterior knee pain. Early on in her CP diagnosis, she was given a Level II rank on the [https:
..., Wren TA, Milewski MD, Kay RM. [https://10.1097/BPO.0000000000000304 Knee pain and patellofemoral symptoms in patients with cerebral palsy]. Journal of Pe
32 KB (4,620 words) - 19:32, 13 May 2022
...the level of the spinal nerve root. The result is pain (known as radicular pain), weakness in limbs, numbness/paresthesia, and difficulty in controlling sp
...root impingement in the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] spine may result in pain and weakness in the forearm. Similarly, an impingement in the [[lumbar]] r
16 KB (2,204 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...Back Pain. http://www.lymphomainfo.net/articles/lymphoma/lymphoma-and-back-pain. Accessed March 27, 2015.</ref><br>
...al diagnosis: Referred from primary care physician to therapy for low back pain (LBP) due to history of disc herniation. No recent imaging. MRI from 5 year
15 KB (2,183 words) - 21:00, 30 June 2020
...ients and can result from factors such as medication given for sedation or pain control. ICU acquired delirium is of key concern for these patients as its
== Assessing Pain ==
17 KB (2,635 words) - 19:09, 16 February 2023
* [[Nociception]] (pain);
...oghe, R., Dijkhuis, J., Roy, J.S., & Cools, A.Proprioception and shoulder pain: A Systematic Review. ''J Hand Ther''. 2019 Aug 31. pii: S0894-1130(19)300
13 KB (1,909 words) - 15:02, 27 June 2023
Hypermobility; Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome; Joint pain; Multidisciplinary management
...ic hypothesis of EDS, based on symptoms, including chronic musculoskeletal pain, widespread muscle weakness and history of hypermobility.<ref name="Bem-Haj
8 KB (1,113 words) - 00:06, 12 March 2018
...Jan 3;23(1):26. </ref> Clinicians will often encounter patients with neck pain and other cervical spine conditions. It is, therefore, essential that they
...from a multispecialty international working group]. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine [Internet]. 2021 Nov 7 [cited 2022 Jan 20];47(1). </ref>
19 KB (2,698 words) - 12:04, 19 March 2024
...s group1.png|right|frameless|334x334px]]Acute or chronic [[Pain Assessment|pain]]<ref name=":2">Ballinger TJ, Thompson WR, Guise TA. [https://pubmed.ncbi.n
* Reduced shoulder [[Range of Motion|range of motion]]<ref name=":1" />due to pain or fear of movement leading to adapting a flexed protective [[posture]] or
12 KB (1,607 words) - 05:32, 27 May 2023
...little league throwers. A more recent study found a 26% frequency of elbow pain in 9-12 year old baseball players. <ref name="Adirim">Adirim T, Cheng T. Ov
Little League Elbow refers to elbow pain and encompasses different anatomical and clinical presentations. The term �
18 KB (2,535 words) - 14:30, 13 July 2023
...ylindrical. She is alert and responsive. Numbness (b2702.2) and a "poking" pain of right foot reported. Foot is warm on palpation with good skin condition
...pinprick sensation is intact. Proprioception limited in toes. Phantom limb pain (b1801.3) noted NS* = 7/10.
8 KB (1,280 words) - 18:52, 11 April 2020
...focusing on their role in optimizing patient outcomes in chronic cervical pain management.
...Scale (SF-36 BPS), and Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP). *Arthritis Care & Research, 63*(S11), S240-S252.</ref>
28 KB (3,726 words) - 15:58, 15 February 2024
...ling as though someone has kicked them in the back of the leg. Substantial pain and swelling usually develop during the following 24 hours. <ref name=
...oms of gastrocnemius strain can include subjective reports of sudden sharp pain or tearing sensation at the back of the lower leg, often in the medial bell
24 KB (3,601 words) - 21:33, 12 April 2023
Physiotherapy has an important role to play in the management of pain and dysfunction around the elbow joint. Physiotherapists have a functional
== Differential Diagnosis of Elbow Pain ==
22 KB (3,234 words) - 01:34, 22 November 2022
...d to answer the questions but it is now being replaced by a numerical pain rating scale (NRS) in many centres <ref name=":3">Irons K, Harrison H, Thomas A, M
...imal impairment). Each question is answered on a 10 cm horizontal VAS or a numeric response scale (NRS). A score of 0 indicates the activity was easy and a sc
23 KB (3,480 words) - 12:25, 1 June 2021
...ding arm straight in pronation and refusing to flex the elbow secondary to pain.<ref name="Wu">Wu J, Perron A, Miller M, Powell S, Brady W. Orthopedic pitf
*Pain with shoulder abduction and rotation
20 KB (2,986 words) - 11:46, 4 June 2020
* Pain preventing objective assessment→detailed assessment delayed
...es|assistive device]]: watch for back deformity: [[scoliosis]], [[Low Back Pain Related to Hyperlordosis|lordosis]], [[kyphosis]]; observe gait pathology,
21 KB (2,971 words) - 18:42, 17 January 2023
...l MD, Effect of Facet Joint Injection Versus Systemic Steroids in Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Volume 38(23), 01 November 2013, p 1995–2
...muscles present itself. This is a protection mechanism that increases the pain. These changes lead to a fibrosis and osteophyte formation. The most common
25 KB (3,806 words) - 11:15, 12 June 2021
...tion have been described, since the time of Hippocrates, for the relief of pain.<ref name="Saunders">Saunders HD. Lumbar traction*. J Orthop Sports Phys Th
... Jacobs WC, van Limbeek J. No effect of traction in patients with low back pain: a single centre, single blind, randomized controlled trial of Intervertebr
26 KB (4,004 words) - 11:31, 5 January 2024
