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...sess the integrity of the [[Alar ligaments|alar ligaments]] and thus upper cervical stability.<br> ...Spine. 1987;12:183–189.</ref> to result from tension generated in the alar ligaments.<br>

...https://www.physioadvisor.com.au/health/anatomy/ligaments/ligaments-of-the-spine/ (accessed 29 March 2019). ...neck they are often considered part of the nuchal ligament.<ref>Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Interspinous ligament. Available from:

...s, which serve as attachment points for muscles. The axis articulates with the atlas via its superior articular facets, which are convex and face upward a ...flattened where it articulates with the transverse ligament.<ref>Cervical Spine Anatomy: Overview, Gross Anatomy https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/194

...or articular process of one vertebra and the inferior articular process of the vertebra directly above it. There are two facet joints in each spinal motio ...and form the articular pillars that act to provide structural stability to the vertebral column as a whole.

...It exhibits a slight constriction or neck, where it joins the main body of the vertebra. ...tachment of the [[Alar ligaments]]; these ligaments connect the process to the occipital bone.

...long the entire length of the vertebral column<ref name=":0" />.It is made of three parts listed below<ref name=":0" /><ref>Study.com Longissimus Availab [[File:Muscles of the Back.png|thumb|401x401px|Back Muscles]]<u>Origins</u><ref name=":0" />:

...nature<ref>Nikolai Bogduk. Clinical and Radiological Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine 5th Edition.Churchill Livingstone: Elsevier. Feb 2012.</ref><ref name=":0" ...pinous, interspinous ligaments to ligamentum flavum, causing pretension in the neutral position (interspinous-supraspinous thoracolumbar ligamentous compl

...l nerve formation.png|thumb|369x369px|Formation of spinal nerve from roots of spinal cord]] ...with a few exceptions eg [[Cervical Anatomy|neck muscles]] are supplied by the spinal nerves.

...b|alt=|524x524px|Cranial skull- canine]]The Roof of the cranium is made up of frontal and parietal bones. The Floor is made up of sphenoid bone.

...omic burden is another issue as neck pain impacts the employer, as well as the employee's performance, health, productivity, medical costs, and compensati ...nal Safety and Ergonomics. 2007 Jan 1;13(2):215-23.</ref>. This emphasizes the need for workplace interventions to reduce and prevent neck pain in office

...MC4836940/ Management of typical and atypical Hangman's fractures.] Global spine journal. 2016 May;6(03):248-56.</ref> ...n’s fracture.<ref name=":0">T.G. Williams. Hangman’s Fracture. The journal of bone and Joint surgery, pp. 82-89</ref><ref name=":1" />

[[File:Muscles of the cervical region multifidus superficial layer Primal.png|right|frameless]] ...ding of this anatomy is essential for assessment and treatment of cervical spine problems.

...'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Robin Tacchetti|Robin Tacchetti]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/daphne-xuan/ Daphn ...1;12(2):e053999.</ref>[[File:C-spine-picture.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Cervical spine]]

...Shultz]], [[User:Mathilde De Dobbeleer|Mathilde De Dobbeleer]] as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universi ...rthopaedic: Examination, evaluation, and intervention (2nd ed.). New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc, 2008.</ref>.

...n of the SC joint.<ref>ALLMAN JR FL. Fractures and ligamentous injuries of the clavicle and its articulation. JBJS. 1967 Jun 1;49(4):774-84.</ref> '''The SC joint is formed by the articulation of three bones'''<ref name=":3" />''':'''

== The Pelvic Floor - Overview and Function == ...e pelvic cavity above from the perineal region below. This cavity encloses the pelvic viscera - bladder, intestines, and uterus(in females).<ref>Bharucha

...e amount of force transferred from the ground and lower extremities to the spine and upper extremities.<ref name=":2" /> ...hree separate bones yet to be fused: ilium, ischium and pubis connected by the tri-radiate cartilage.

...the area of the foramen magnum (dystopic) with no bony link to the body of the axis. The classification of the [[odontoid fractures]] is known as the Anderson/Alonzo classification:

'''Original Editor '''- Your name will be added here if you created the original content for this page. Surfing is enjoyed by many people around the world. Surfing involves dynamic moves on an unstable surface needing good b

...tebrae.png|thumb|right]][[Image:Cervical vertebra.png|thumb|right]][[Image:Cervical Vertebra side view.png|thumb|right]] ...il 2017.</ref><ref name="Gray">Gray H. Gray's Anatomy:The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2005</ref><br>