Lung Microbiome: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
The lung is a specialised elaborate organ system that is impacted by various factors for example: oxygen abundance; its' interdependence (through a compacted net work of capillaries) to the extrapulmonary systems; and a range of immune cells living in the tissue at steady state. The lung also is host to a small biomass populace of commensal microorganisms that are active during both health and disease, and are able to adjust regulatory immune responses during | The [[Lung Anatomy|lung]] is a specialised elaborate organ system that is impacted by various factors for example: [[oxygen]] abundance; its' interdependence (through a compacted net work of [[capillaries]]) to the extrapulmonary systems; and a range of [[Immune System|immune]] cells living in the tissue at steady state. The lung also is host to a small biomass populace of commensal microorganisms that are active during both health and disease, and are able to adjust regulatory immune responses during [[Infectious Disease|infection]]<nowiki/>s.<ref>Huynh M, Crane MJ, Jamieson AM. [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094110/full The lung, the niche, and the microbe: Exploring the lung microbiome in cancer and immunity]. Frontiers in Immunology. 2023 Jan 17;13:8218.Available:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094110/full (accessed 7.1.2023)</ref> | ||
== The Lung Microbiome: Lung and Brain Disease == | == The Lung Microbiome: Lung and Brain Disease == | ||
The lung microbiome includes bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. In disease state (such as chronic lung disease or lung cancer), the microbial homeostasis is disrupted and changes occur in the microbial community. The lung microbiota appears to be involved in promoting the amassing of immunesuppressive cells, preventing unfavourable inflammatory reactions to benign stimuli. eg in patients with pulmonary diseases (a risk factors for lung cancer), the microbiota that greatly differs from that of healthy lungs; chemicals present in the tobacco smoke potentially affect lung immune cells function and smoking may cause a change in the microbiota–immune cell cross talk, leading to imbalance in the system, then chronic infection and, eventually, lung cancer.<ref>Sommariva M, Le Noci V, Bianchi F, Camelliti S, Balsari A, Tagliabue E, Sfondrini L. T[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326824/ he lung microbiota: role in maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis and its implications in cancer development and therapy.] Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 2020 Jul;77(14):2739-49.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326824/ (accessed 7.1.2024)</ref> | The lung microbiome includes [[Bacterial Infections|bacteria]], archaea, [[Fungal Diseases|fungi]], protozoa, and [[Viral Infections|viruses]]. In disease state (such as [[Chronic Respiratory Diseases|chronic lung disease]] or [[Lung Cancer|lung cancer]]), the microbial homeostasis is disrupted and changes occur in the microbial community. The lung microbiota appears to be involved in promoting the amassing of immunesuppressive cells, preventing unfavourable inflammatory reactions to benign stimuli. eg in patients with pulmonary diseases (a risk factors for lung cancer), the microbiota that greatly differs from that of healthy lungs; chemicals present in the tobacco smoke potentially affect lung immune cells function and smoking may cause a change in the microbiota–immune cell cross talk, leading to imbalance in the system, then chronic infection and, eventually, lung cancer.<ref>Sommariva M, Le Noci V, Bianchi F, Camelliti S, Balsari A, Tagliabue E, Sfondrini L. T[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326824/ he lung microbiota: role in maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis and its implications in cancer development and therapy.] Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 2020 Jul;77(14):2739-49.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326824/ (accessed 7.1.2024)</ref> | ||
The lung microbiome may well play an important role in contributing to the occurrence and development of lung diseases | The lung microbiome may well play an important role in contributing to the occurrence and development of not only lung diseases but additionally diseases originating in the central nervous system. eg an close relationship exists between the lung microbiome and [[Multiple Sclerosis|multiple sclerosis]]<ref name=":0" />. The role of the lung microbiome in brain diseases (eg Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, intracerebral hemorrhage) warrants research. As known the gut microbiota is able to influence brain function through eg metabolites originating from the microbiota. With this in mind it is thought that the lung microbiota may affect the brains' health .<ref name=":0">Chen J, Li T, Ye C, Zhong J, Huang JD, Ke Y, Sun H. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916971/ The Lung Microbiome: A New Frontier for Lung and Brain Disease]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023 Jan 21;24(3):2170. Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916971/ (accessed 7.1.2024)</ref> | ||
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Revision as of 08:56, 7 January 2024
Original Editor - Lucinda hampton
Top Contributors - Lucinda hampton and Vidya Acharya
Introduction[edit | edit source]
The lung is a specialised elaborate organ system that is impacted by various factors for example: oxygen abundance; its' interdependence (through a compacted net work of capillaries) to the extrapulmonary systems; and a range of immune cells living in the tissue at steady state. The lung also is host to a small biomass populace of commensal microorganisms that are active during both health and disease, and are able to adjust regulatory immune responses during infections.[1]
The Lung Microbiome: Lung and Brain Disease[edit | edit source]
The lung microbiome includes bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. In disease state (such as chronic lung disease or lung cancer), the microbial homeostasis is disrupted and changes occur in the microbial community. The lung microbiota appears to be involved in promoting the amassing of immunesuppressive cells, preventing unfavourable inflammatory reactions to benign stimuli. eg in patients with pulmonary diseases (a risk factors for lung cancer), the microbiota that greatly differs from that of healthy lungs; chemicals present in the tobacco smoke potentially affect lung immune cells function and smoking may cause a change in the microbiota–immune cell cross talk, leading to imbalance in the system, then chronic infection and, eventually, lung cancer.[2]
The lung microbiome may well play an important role in contributing to the occurrence and development of not only lung diseases but additionally diseases originating in the central nervous system. eg an close relationship exists between the lung microbiome and multiple sclerosis[3]. The role of the lung microbiome in brain diseases (eg Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, intracerebral hemorrhage) warrants research. As known the gut microbiota is able to influence brain function through eg metabolites originating from the microbiota. With this in mind it is thought that the lung microbiota may affect the brains' health .[3]
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Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Huynh M, Crane MJ, Jamieson AM. The lung, the niche, and the microbe: Exploring the lung microbiome in cancer and immunity. Frontiers in Immunology. 2023 Jan 17;13:8218.Available:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1094110/full (accessed 7.1.2023)
- ↑ Sommariva M, Le Noci V, Bianchi F, Camelliti S, Balsari A, Tagliabue E, Sfondrini L. The lung microbiota: role in maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis and its implications in cancer development and therapy. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 2020 Jul;77(14):2739-49.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326824/ (accessed 7.1.2024)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Chen J, Li T, Ye C, Zhong J, Huang JD, Ke Y, Sun H. The Lung Microbiome: A New Frontier for Lung and Brain Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023 Jan 21;24(3):2170. Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916971/ (accessed 7.1.2024)
