ACL Rehabilitation: Acute Management after Surgery
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Anterior Cruciate Ligament injury is one of the most common injuries among different sports. In football , the range of ACL injuries has been estimated to range from 0.06 to 10 injuries per 1000 game hours. Professional athletes are more prone to ACL injures[1]. Most injuries occur when the opposite tam has the ball and the players are defending with tackling and cutting are considered the most common playing actions assosiated with the injury (51% and 15% respectively).
Females are at a higher risk for ACL injury[2] due to many factors such as higher valgus stress and loading in females when performing tasks, differences in hamstring/quadriceps strength ratio and vastus lateralis/semitendinous strength ratio, lateral and posterior hip insufficiencies, and nondominant leg strength differences[3]. In contrast, a case series report by Brophy et al reported no differences between the genders[4]. The difference between male ad female athletes according to this report was in the mechanism of injury; males were more likely to suffer contact injuries (56%) while noncontact injuries were dominant among female players.
In other sports, the incidence rates vary. In skiing, ACL injury represent 30.9 per 100,000 skiers per day[5]. While in basketball, 17 per 100,000 athletic exposures were repoted between 1989 and 2004 in the USA[6]
Instability, knee OA, inability to return to sport and recurrent injuries are among the short and long term list of consequences that follow ACL injury.
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Rochcongar P, Laboute E, Jan J, Carling C. Ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament in soccer. International journal of sports medicine. 2009 May;30(05):372-8.
- ↑ Brophy R, Silvers HJ, Gonzales T, Mandelbaum BR. Gender influences: the role of leg dominance in ACL injury among soccer players. British journal of sports medicine. 2010 Jun 1:bjsports51243.
- ↑ Hewett TE, Myer GD, Ford KR, Heidt Jr RS, Colosimo AJ, McLean SG, Van den Bogert AJ, Paterno MV, Succop P. Biomechanical measures of neuromuscular control and valgus loading of the knee predict anterior cruciate ligament injury risk in female athletes: a prospective study. The American journal of sports medicine. 2005 Apr;33(4):492-501.
- ↑ Brophy RH, Stepan JG, Silvers HJ, Mandelbaum BR. Defending puts the anterior cruciate ligament at risk during soccer: a gender-based analysis. Sports health. 2015 May;7(3):244-9.
- ↑ Demirağ B, Oncan T, Durak K. An evaluation of knee ligament injuries encountered in skiers at the Uludag Ski Center. Acta orthopaedica et traumatologica turcica. 2004;38(5):313-6.
- ↑ Mihata LC, Beutler AI, Boden BP. Comparing the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in collegiate lacrosse, soccer, and basketball players: implications for anterior cruciate ligament mechanism and prevention. The American journal of sports medicine. 2006 Jun;34(6):899-904.
