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...aft: an ultrasound study. The Journal of hand surgery. 1991 Jul 1;16(4):708-11.</ref>. ...r and does not have a primary action but assists with the actions of other muscles at the knee and ankle joints.

...ent syndrome. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/307668-overview (accessed 06/04/2020).</ref> ...ilable from: https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/compartment-syndrome/ (accessed 04/06/2020). </ref>

== Basic Structure of the Foot and Ankle == The ankle or tibiotalar joint constitutes the junction of the lower leg and foot. The osseous components of the ankle joint include the distal [[tibia]], di

<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div> ...learance, used to limit or assist [[Ankle Joint|ankle]] and [[Foot Anatomy|foot]] [[Range of Motion|ROM]] like; dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, improve [[ba

'''Original Editor '''- Part of [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Clubfoot_Content_Development_Project ICRC and GCI Clubfoot Content ...RN, Sherman MS. The Pathological Anatomy of Club Foot. JBJS. 1963;45(1):45-52.    </ref>

'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Leana_Louw Leana Louw] '''Shaft:''' The shaft of the fibula is twisted and triangular in cross-section. It has anterior, interosseous, and posterior borders, as well as me

[[File:Kitera-dent-jWv1ILisuSc-unsplash.jpeg|right|frameless]] ...ng] Available: https://healthyliving.azcentral.com/muscles-walking-exercise-1837.html<nowiki/>(accessed 21.12.2021)</ref>

...akness and atrophy. Muscular dystrophy is a [[Non-Communicable Diseases|non-communicable disorder]] and has many variations - each variation has a speci ...lable from: https://www.webmd.com/children/understanding-muscular-dystrophy-basics?page=-1281<nowiki/>(accessed 24.2.2021).</ref> The muscle protein ass

[https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/bernice-saban/ Bernice Saban]<br> ...matic review]. Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2017 Jan 1;25(1):3-10.

...actures of the foot and ankle in athletes. Sports Health. 2014 Nov;6(6):481-91. doi: 10.1177/1941738113486588. </ref>. ...rsal fractures. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery (2011); 131: 241-245.</ref>. Stress fractures of the medial malleolus are generally found i

...chin-up Chin up] Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chin-up<nowiki/>(accessed 1.1.2022)</ref> ...bicep curls will all be beneficial if the ultimate goal is achieving a chin-up with correct form. A chin up is an example of a [[Closed Chain Exercise|c

...ame="brage">Schimizzi, A; Brage, M (September 2004). "Brachymetatarsia". ''Foot Ankle Clin'' '''9''' (3): 555–70, doi:10.1016/j.fcl.2004.05.002. PMID 153 ...d metatarsal length. It can affect any of the five metatarsal bones of the foot and it could be bilateral. Brachymetatarsia of the first metatarsal is also

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] [[File:Normal-Navicular-and-Accessory-Navicular.jpg|alt=|right|241x241px]]

<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div> {{#ev:youtube| ZEgD-Mn5ftc|width}}

...r-limb/bones/tibia/ Tibia] Available from:https://teachmeanatomy.info/lower-limb/bones/tibia/<nowiki/>(last accessed 29.10.2020)</ref> Osteologic featur ...tions for rehabilitation. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby Elsevier, 2010. p520-71.</ref>

...he four muscles that make up the [[Quadriceps Muscle|quadriceps]] group of muscles. It originates from the upper part of the [[Femur|femoral shaft]] and inser ...view image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/study/main-muscles-of-lower-limb</ref>

...g for about 1%-2% of all joint dislocations. This injury occurs due to high-energy trauma, including falls, motor vehicle crashes, and sports injuries<r ...talar joint: a case report.] Foot & Ankle International. 2001 Jul;22(7):609-11.</ref>

...s Kluwer, 2010.</ref>It arises from Ventral (anterior) division of L4-5, S1-3. It travels along the distal border of the popliteus muscle, deep to gast ...erve#1 .] Available from: https://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/tibial-nerve#1 (last accessed 17/03/2019).</ref> It also has articular and cutaneou

...Nocturnal leg cramps (NLC) commonly occurring in the calf, hamstrings, or foot which are characterized as intensely painful, involuntary muscle contractio ...leg cramps. Current neurology and neuroscience reports. 2010 Jan 1;10(1):53-9.</ref>:

[[Image:Gait-cycle.png|frame|center|Running Gait cycle]] ...ov">Novacheck TF; The Biomechanics of running; Gait and Posture 7; 1998; 77-95</ref>