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The forelimb (also known as the thoracic limb) in the horse is adapted for extension and ground covering. This limb Carpal bones:<ref name=":1" />

...anatomy#Spinal Cord: External|vertebral column]] consists of 24 individual bones called vertebrae. The spinal column consists of this vertebral column and t # Thoracic spine: 12 vertebrae of the mid-back (T1-T12)

=== Bones and Joints === ...of spinal column. Therefore, increased thoracic spine curvature leading to thoracic kyphosis commonly seen in elder individuals due to loss of height of spinal

...earing bone, however it is not uncommon to find them in non-weight bearing bones where load fatigue is seen<ref>Karlson K. Rib Stress Fractures in Elite Row ...egion by redistributing the transmitted forces to the [[Thoracic Vertebrae|thoracic]] spine.

...anglion located at the bottom of the cervical spine in connection with the thoracic spine and is related to the sympathetic nervous system. Invasion of this ma ...ld be the articular mobilisation of the shoulder complex, the neck and the thoracic spine according to the surgeon. Soft tissue mobilisation around the scar (i

...bones responsible for the posture of the neck are the 7 cervical vertebra bones, having a slight concave alignment, referred to as cervical lordosis. The n ...orm a simple straightening or even become inverted into a kyphosis. As the bones of the neck become deformed, it affects the normal positioning of the neck

...alazhar.edu.ps/xmlui/handle/123456789/384. [accessed 4/3/2023]</ref> These bones are linked together by facet joints which are small joints between vertebra [[File:Nerves, bones and muscles of the neck .png|thumb|Nerves, muscles and bones of the neck.|alt=|800x800px|center]]

[[File:Thoracic grade 2 T6 PA mobilisations.png|right|frameless]] The [[Thoracic Anatomy|Thoracic Spine]] has a complex and often overlooked role within the body. It is a ke

...ated changes, which include: chronic degeneration, excessive growth of the bones such as osteophytes, destruction of the cartilage, and [[Disc Herniaton|bul *Thickening of ligaments that connect the bones.

...ation and eye movements. This page discusses these muscles, as well as the bones, ligaments, and nerve and blood supply for the head and jaw. [[Ligament]]: fibrous connective tissue that holds the bones together.

...discs act like shock absorbers throughout the spinal column to cushion the bones as the body moves. Ligaments hold the vertebrae in place, and tendons attac [[Ligament]]: fibrous connective tissue that holds the bones together.

...tes. Movement system impairment syndromes of the extremities, cervical and thoracic spine St.Louis, MO (USA): Elsevier Mosby; 2011:p.439-482</ref> [[Weight bea ...y of navicular bone, all cuneiform bones, cuboid bone, bases of metatarsal bones 2-4

'''Bones''' *[[Long Thoracic Nerve|Thoracicus Longus / Long Thoracic Nerve]]

...my of the female pelvis shows five [[Bone|bones]]: two [[Hip Anatomy|hip]] bones, [[sacrum]], coccyx, and two [[femur]]<nowiki/>s. The joints are supported ...oth [[Lumbar Anatomy|lumbar]] lordosis and [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|kyphosis,]] or a flattening of the thoracolumbar spinal curve

...T joint allows for the scapula to glide over the contours of the posterior thoracic wall. All four joints work collectively together to achieve normal shoulder ...), the [[humerus]] and the [[sternum]] (the link to the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] cage).

...droplasia is a rare congenital disease that predominantly affects the long bones of the body resulting in rhizomelic dwarfism. Most cases are from an autoso ...rays of the infant may also be used to diagnose achondroplasia as the long bones show changes from those x-rays of non-affected infants.<ref name=":0">Bauja

[[Ligament]]: fibrous connective tissue that holds the bones together. '''The shoulder complex has four bones: the clavicle, sternum, scapula and proximal end of the humerus.'''<ref>Lev

...acroiliac_joint sacroiliac joint] (SIJ). It is the joint between the iliac bones of the [[pelvis]] and the [[sacrum]] (figure 1), a joint in which very litt * The patient bends forward, starting with flexing the neck, then the upper thoracic spine to the lumbar spine, and as far as possible while keeping the knees e

...racic Vertebrae|thoracic spine]] [[Fracture|fractures]] occur in the lower thoracic spine, with 60% to 70% of thoraco-lumbar fractures occurring in the T11 to ...res]. Injury. 2009 Feb 1;40(2):166-72.</ref> Minor trauma can also cause a thoracic spine fracture in individuals who have a condition associated with loss of

...elbow joint is where the distal humerus meets the proximal radius and ulna bones. It is known as a trochleogingylomoid joint as it can flex and extend as a === Shoulder, Cervical Spine and Thoracic Spine ===