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...i/>s]] and wrists working, there is ample opportunity for injury. In fact, injuries to the hand and wrists are some of the most common ailments facing athletes * Approximately 25% of all sports-related injuries involve the hand or wrist.

..., Winquist RA, Hansen ST. Ipsilateral fractures of the femur and tibia. J Bone and Joint Surgery. 1984; 66-A(7):991-1002.</ref>.<br>The fractures range fr ...tures of the femur and tibia. A report of fifty seven consecutive cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am.1984;66:991–1002</ref><br>

[[File:Femur bone.png|right|frameless|801x801px]] The femur is the longest, heaviest, and strongest [[bone]] in the human body. The main function of the femur is [[weight bearing]] a

Each metatarsal bone consists of the following: Each base of the metatarsal bone articulates with at least one of the tarsal bones, forming the tarsometatar

...herefore specifically applied to bone fractures in children. The commonest injuries seen in children with open growth plates are fractures involving epiphyseal ...ef name="Moore" />[[File:Long Bone Structure.png|thumb|Structure of a long bone including diaphysis, metaphysis, and epiphysis.|center]]

...lcaneal_fracture fractures of the calcaneus], [[cuboid]] and [[navicular]] bone. ...talus]] and [[calcaneus]] proximally, and the [[navicular]] and [[cuboid]] bone distally. When the foot skeleton is viewed from above, the joint line of th

...termine the need for radiographs in acute [[Ankle and Foot Fractures|ankle injuries]]. This screening tool was developed because of the need for a rapid and ac ...rt JP, Maloney J. Decision rules for the use of radiography in acute ankle injuries. JAMA 1993;269:1127-32.</ref>

...ly.<ref>Zacharopoulos AN, Tzanakakis NE, Douka MI. Skiing and snowboarding injuries in Greece: a two-year case-control study. Journal of ASTM International. 20 ...d also be considered.<ref>Koehle MS, Lloyd-Smith R, Taunton JE. Alpine ski injuries and their prevention. Sports Medicine. 2002 Oct;32(12):785-93.</ref>

# Muscles that hold onto bone ie the stabilisers -Predominantly type 1 muscle fibres, with a postural rol # Muscles that move bone, ie mobilisers - Predominantly type 2 muscle fibres, for faster action.<ref

...s that clinicians may deal with in the management of athletes with overuse injuries. == Definition of Overuse Injuries ==

...er is the term applied to extensor avulsion fractures or [[Extensor Tendon Injuries of the Hand|distal extensor tendon ruptures]]. Either one results in an ina Mallet finger injuries are<ref name=":0" />:

...-4.pdf The second most common bone disease: a review on Paget’s disease of bone.] European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 2008 Dec 1;34(6):549-53 ...D, Hofmann MT,Peterson JA. Diagnosis and Treatment of Paget’s Disease of Bone. American Family Physician. 2002; 65(10):2069-72</ref>. Paget's disease is

...eads to microfractures which are unable to heal due to bone resorption and bone formation imbalances, causing a stress reaction leading to fractures<ref na ...7/0915/p817.html</nowiki></ref>. The fifth metatarsal the most susceptible bone to these shear forces. This combination puts the fifth metatarsal at the hi

...ngs (brain swelling, a 'tight' brain, or difficulties in repositioning the bone flap), or both ...ase its rigidity, and sectioning of the falx among others. Localization of bone removal can be unilateral, bilateral, bifrontal, or subtemporal; or it can

...or hyperextension can also lead to avulsion fractures, but these types of injuries are less common. <ref name=":2" /> ...laced fractures''' involve partial or complete separation of the fractured bone(s). <ref name=":5">American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Toe and Forefo

* Most commonly caused by blunt, anterior chest-wall trauma and deceleration injuries, with a reported incidence of 3% to 6.8% in motor vehicle collisions. * Athletic injuries, [[falls]], and assaults are the frequent causes of the remaining cases.

...g sports, in particular, male soccer players who account for 10% to 18% of injuries per year.<ref name=":1" /> ...or view.png|right|frameless|294x294px|Image 2: Anterior view pelvis, pubis bone red.]]

[[File:Bone marrow image.png|right|frameless|450x450px]] ...ref>Gobbi A, Dallo I, Frank RM, Bradsell H, Saenz I, Murrel W. A review of bone marrow lesions in the arthritic knee and description of a technique for tre

...eletal Key Hip Flexors Available:https://musculoskeletalkey.com/hip-flexor-injuries-in-the-athlete/ (accessed 14.1.2022)</ref> ...scle. The iliacus muscle is a triangular sheet that connects the [[ilium]] bone to the lesser trochanter.

[[File:Right-femoral-stress-fracture.png|thumb|Bone scan]] ...abnormal stresses are placed on [[Bone Cortical And Cancellous|cancellous bone]] of the [[Femur|femoral]] shaft resulting in microfractures. Most common i