Opponens Digiti Minimi: Difference between revisions
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
Opponens digit minimi (ODM) is an intrinsic muscle of the hand. It's a triangular muscle that extends between the hamate bone (carpal bone) and the 5th metacarpal bone.<ref>Moore KL, Dalley AF. Clinically oriented anatomy. Wolters kluwer india Pvt Ltd; 2018 Jul 12.</ref> It forms the [[Thenar and Hypothenar Muscles Of The Hand|hypothenar muscle]] group together with the [[Abductor Digiti Minimi (Hand)|abductor digiti minimi]] and flexor digit minimi brevis, based on the medial side of the palm (hypothenar eminence). These muscles act together in moving the little finger. The opponens digiti minimi is responsible for flexion, lateral rotation and opposition of the little finger.<ref>Adrian R. Opponens digiti minimi muscle of hand [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/opponens-digiti-minimi-muscle</ref> [[File:1024px-1121 Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Superficial sin.png|thumb|Intrinsic muscles of the hand]] | Opponens digit minimi (ODM) is an intrinsic muscle of the hand. It's a triangular muscle that extends between the [[Hamate|hamate bone]] (carpal bone) and the 5th metacarpal bone.<ref>Moore KL, Dalley AF. Clinically oriented anatomy. Wolters kluwer india Pvt Ltd; 2018 Jul 12.</ref> It forms the [[Thenar and Hypothenar Muscles Of The Hand|hypothenar muscle]] group together with the [[Abductor Digiti Minimi (Hand)|abductor digiti minimi]] and flexor digit minimi brevis, based on the medial side of the palm (hypothenar eminence). These muscles act together in moving the little finger. The opponens digiti minimi is responsible for flexion, lateral rotation and opposition of the little finger.<ref>Adrian R. Opponens digiti minimi muscle of hand [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/opponens-digiti-minimi-muscle</ref> [[File:1024px-1121 Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Superficial sin.png|thumb|Intrinsic muscles of the hand]] | ||
=== Origin === | === Origin === | ||
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum | Hook of hamate and [[flexor retinaculum]] | ||
=== Insertion === | === Insertion === | ||
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=== Nerve === | === Nerve === | ||
Deep branch of the [[Ulnar Nerve|ulnar nerve]], which stems from the brachial plexus (C8, T1 spinal nerves) | Deep branch of the [[Ulnar Nerve|ulnar nerve]], which stems from the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Brachial_plexus brachial plexus] (C8, T1 spinal nerves) | ||
=== Artery === | === Artery === | ||
Blood supply is by the deep palmar branch of ulnar artery and '''deep palmar arch''', which is the terminal branch of the radial artery | Blood supply is by the deep palmar branch of ulnar artery and '''deep palmar arch''', which is the terminal branch of the [[radial artery]] | ||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
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== Clinical relevance == | == Clinical relevance == | ||
The oponones digiti minimi which forms part of the intrinsic muscles provides fine motor movement of the hand. This is usually seen when trying to grip round or irregular objects such as a ball. The ulnar nerve which supplies the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Thenar_and_Hypothenar_Muscles_Of_The_Hand hypothenar muscles] including opponens digiti minimi passes through the hook of hamate and pisiform bone (Guyon's canal), compromise to the nerve at this point leads to atrophy of the ODM with a resulting weakness in moving the 5th finger. There's also numbness, tingling, and pain in the 4th and 5th finger that comes with [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Ulnar_Nerve_Entrapment ulnar nerve entrapment].<ref>Nguyen J, Duong H. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546622/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Hypothenar Eminence]. StatPearls [Internet]. 2020 Aug 13.</ref> See also [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Cyclist%27s_palsy Cyclist palsy]. | The oponones digiti minimi which forms part of the intrinsic muscles provides fine motor movement of the hand. This is usually seen when trying to grip round or irregular objects such as a ball. The ulnar nerve which supplies the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Thenar_and_Hypothenar_Muscles_Of_The_Hand hypothenar muscles] including opponens digiti minimi passes through the hook of hamate and pisiform bone ([[Guyon's canal]]), compromise to the nerve at this point leads to atrophy of the ODM with a resulting weakness in moving the 5th finger. There's also numbness, tingling, and pain in the 4th and 5th finger that comes with [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Ulnar_Nerve_Entrapment ulnar nerve entrapment].<ref>Nguyen J, Duong H. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546622/ Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Hypothenar Eminence]. StatPearls [Internet]. 2020 Aug 13.</ref> See also [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Cyclist%27s_palsy Cyclist palsy]. | ||
== Assessment == | == Assessment == | ||
Assessment is done by palpating for abnormal tenderness at the base of the thenar eminence. Check for muscle weakness by asking the patient to oppose the 5th finger to the thumb with added resistance. | Assessment is done by palpating for abnormal tenderness at the base of the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Thenar_and_Hypothenar_Muscles_Of_The_Hand thenar eminence]. Check for muscle weakness by asking the patient to oppose the 5th finger to the thumb with added resistance. | ||
{{#ev:youtube|SUDsq7iqsAc|300}}<ref>Muscle Testing: Opponens Digiti Minimi. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUDsq7iqsAc [last accessed 23/10/2020]</ref> | {{#ev:youtube|SUDsq7iqsAc|300}}<ref>Muscle Testing: Opponens Digiti Minimi. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUDsq7iqsAc [last accessed 23/10/2020]</ref> | ||
Revision as of 10:30, 14 November 2020
Original Editor - Agoro Bukola Zainab
Top Contributors - Agoro Bukola Zainab, Kim Jackson, Shaimaa Eldib and Rucha Gadgil
Description[edit | edit source]
Opponens digit minimi (ODM) is an intrinsic muscle of the hand. It's a triangular muscle that extends between the hamate bone (carpal bone) and the 5th metacarpal bone.[1] It forms the hypothenar muscle group together with the abductor digiti minimi and flexor digit minimi brevis, based on the medial side of the palm (hypothenar eminence). These muscles act together in moving the little finger. The opponens digiti minimi is responsible for flexion, lateral rotation and opposition of the little finger.[2]
Origin[edit | edit source]
Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion[edit | edit source]
Inserts into the medial border of 5th metacarpal bone
Nerve[edit | edit source]
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve, which stems from the brachial plexus (C8, T1 spinal nerves)
Artery[edit | edit source]
Blood supply is by the deep palmar branch of ulnar artery and deep palmar arch, which is the terminal branch of the radial artery
Function[edit | edit source]
Opponens digiti minimi acts to oppose the little finger to the thumb by:
- Flexion of the fifth metacarpal
- Lateral rotation of the carpometacarpal joint of the fifth digit
- Lateral rotation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the fifth digit
Clinical relevance[edit | edit source]
The oponones digiti minimi which forms part of the intrinsic muscles provides fine motor movement of the hand. This is usually seen when trying to grip round or irregular objects such as a ball. The ulnar nerve which supplies the hypothenar muscles including opponens digiti minimi passes through the hook of hamate and pisiform bone (Guyon's canal), compromise to the nerve at this point leads to atrophy of the ODM with a resulting weakness in moving the 5th finger. There's also numbness, tingling, and pain in the 4th and 5th finger that comes with ulnar nerve entrapment.[3] See also Cyclist palsy.
Assessment[edit | edit source]
Assessment is done by palpating for abnormal tenderness at the base of the thenar eminence. Check for muscle weakness by asking the patient to oppose the 5th finger to the thumb with added resistance.
Links[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Moore KL, Dalley AF. Clinically oriented anatomy. Wolters kluwer india Pvt Ltd; 2018 Jul 12.
- ↑ Adrian R. Opponens digiti minimi muscle of hand [Internet]. 2020. Available from: https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/opponens-digiti-minimi-muscle
- ↑ Nguyen J, Duong H. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Hypothenar Eminence. StatPearls [Internet]. 2020 Aug 13.
- ↑ Muscle Testing: Opponens Digiti Minimi. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUDsq7iqsAc [last accessed 23/10/2020]
