Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnoea Scale: Difference between revisions
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== Method of Use == | == Method of Use == | ||
It is a questionnaire in which patient has to understand the activity when he feels dyspnoea and based on that patient has to grade the dyspnoea. The MRC breathlessness scale comprises five statements that describe almost the entire range of respiratory disability from none (Grade 1) to almost complete incapacity (Grade 5). It can be self-administered by asking subjects to choose a phrase that best describes their condition, e.g. ‘I only get breathless with strenuous exertion’ (Grade 1) or ‘I am too breathless to leave the house’ (Grade 5). Alternatively, it can be administered by an interviewer with the statements framed as questions, e.g. ‘Are you short of breath when hurrying on the level or walking up a slight incline’ (Grade 2). The score is the number that best fits to the patient’s level of activity. All the questions relate to everyday activities and are generally easily understood by patients. A score can usually be obtained in a few seconds. | It is a questionnaire in which patient has to understand the activity when he feels dyspnoea and based on that patient has to grade the dyspnoea. The MRC breathlessness scale comprises five statements that describe almost the entire range of respiratory disability from none (Grade 1) to almost complete incapacity (Grade 5). It can be self-administered by asking subjects to choose a phrase that best describes their condition, e.g. ‘I only get breathless with strenuous exertion’ (Grade 1) or ‘I am too breathless to leave the house’ (Grade 5). Alternatively, it can be administered by an interviewer with the statements framed as questions, e.g. ‘Are you short of breath when hurrying on the level or walking up a slight incline’ (Grade 2). The score is the number that best fits to the patient’s level of activity. All the questions relate to everyday activities and are generally easily understood by patients. A score can usually be obtained in a few seconds.<ref name=":0">[https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S0954611110000028?token=AAA2D39F3198915D16C45334DE7EAEAF18804325A3676C2D1521FB4DD9FD052AE8E19512598B22FD387A8CD7499930C2&originRegion=eu-west-1&originCreation=20211127034217 Paladini, Luciana, et al. “The MRC Dyspnoea Scale by Telephone Interview to Monitor Health Status in Elderly COPD Patients.” ''Respiratory Medicine'', vol. 104, no. 7, July 2010, pp. 1027–1034, 10.1016/j.rmed.2009.12.012. Accessed 22 Oct. 2019.]</ref> | ||
== Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnoea Scale == | == Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnoea Scale == | ||
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=== Reliability and Validity === | === Reliability and Validity === | ||
Based on various researcher it was found that MRC scale is valid and reliable tool to measure dsypnea in various condition. It also gives and idea about the functional status of the patient and predicts severity | Based on various researcher it was found that MRC scale is valid and reliable tool to measure dsypnea in various condition. It also gives and idea about the functional status of the patient and predicts severity<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1745516/ Bestall, J C, et al. “Usefulness of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnoea Scale as a Measure of Disability in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.” ''Thorax'', vol. 54, no. 7, 1 July 1999, pp. 581–586, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1745516/pdf/v054p00581.pdf, 10.1136/thx.54.7.581.]</ref>. <ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2893122/pdf/1471-2466-10-32.pdf Manali, Effrosyni D, et al. “MRC Chronic Dyspnea Scale: Relationships with Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing and 6-Minute Walk Test in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients: A Prospective Study.” ''BMC Pulmonary Medicine'', vol. 10, no. 1, 28 May 2010, 10.1186/1471-2466-10-32. Accessed 10 Aug. 2021].</ref><ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3084418/ Marciniuk, Darcy D, et al. “Managing Dyspnea in Patients with Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Canadian Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.” ''Canadian Respiratory Journal : Journal of the Canadian Thoracic Society'', vol. 18, no. 2, 2011, pp. 69–78,]</ref> | ||
=== Responsiveness === | === Responsiveness === | ||
The MRC Dypnoea scale is highly responsive to exertional dyspnoea.<ref> | The MRC Dypnoea scale is highly responsive to exertional dyspnoea.<ref>[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19126132/ Nouraei, S.A.R., et al. “Sensitivity and Responsiveness of the Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale to the Presence and Treatment of Adult Laryngotracheal Stenosis.” ''Clinical Otolaryngology'', vol. 33, no. 6, Dec. 2008, pp. 575–580, 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2008.01832.x. Accessed 27 Nov. 2021.]</ref> | ||
=== Miscellaneous === | === Miscellaneous === | ||
[https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Dyspnoea&redirect=no%3Futm_source%3Dphysiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Dyspnoea] is one of the most common symptom of majority of respiratory conditions such as [[COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)|COPD]], [[Asthma|Bronchial Asthma]], and [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Restrictive_Lung_Disease?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Restrictive lung disease]. Though dyspnoea(widely known as breathlessness) is subjective and difficult to quantify its plays a major role in decision-making about diagnosis and treatment so it is important to measure the amount of dyspnoea<ref name=":0" />Assessment of dyspnoea is an integral and core component of [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Respiratory_Assessment?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Respiratory Assessment].<ref>https:// | [https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Dyspnoea&redirect=no%3Futm_source%3Dphysiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Dyspnoea] is one of the most common symptom of majority of respiratory conditions such as [[COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)|COPD]], [[Asthma|Bronchial Asthma]], and [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Restrictive_Lung_Disease?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Restrictive lung disease]. Though dyspnoea(widely known as breathlessness) is subjective and difficult to quantify its plays a major role in decision-making about diagnosis and treatment so it is important to measure the amount of dyspnoea<ref name=":0" />Assessment of dyspnoea is an integral and core component of [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Respiratory_Assessment?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Respiratory Assessment].<ref name=":1">[https://watermark.silverchair.com/kqm162.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAsgwggLEBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggK1MIICsQIBADCCAqoGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMG-ePivgD2EjOFk_mAgEQgIICe_M1FvNnVg5owBGeL6Y9szROx0lCZ6KNKu7NsZBojq9iuog7Szq1ywvVnH9S9YscL135fR8QHwQDI8n3F4bIJi9P62pl8Pm92_g92woRnWeZ6my5U2oF8NbaUZY5ftIJjueyz8tXwITUVSXMGYEstqoMWmHUA2jl9qTBZluS9zAjBjL5vBtKbf858F5Lif620Hmxl-PiWPyQoknujKw7rS8fEWQJVjgIxd9YF2ccRv5gVnpDlNC1C1kidu57E56Hp1zHKu-vAEjTsi0RTNsMN-R8ZIHWKK8Y6IKrHVebshTO6KIJUrtkzjrm3j0XkCmIu-KhEkgT72G9NWttuDC6MheAUbPRCfBGoIzXXSmsr0Do6uHsdJogfsa7_i5Xy53LmIdu9WR7WdFIqodSKakPST3Kv-hih2kcJVcSCuIoD6j6Nr0nB8GvdWkOkv4-Ey-1tRHxSkwn7X5xjxwVjhKg_aalCWLWdmsXrtNmQ2xDC6-DN8SCPkL-gGZgB8vcepr8A89iPlxOVBu4ga1qyJAiuep2WSQH2xRnaEUr25DIcivVl8eC2ttalToHb_0YgCNmDsNrbcDucd5WePGZTOummTz9XOllIK7vi3YzhhBmHyeiElO9vvO2mP9X3Z5-k1ZfLWoxHo2clZMrOG5UURcMXUezROJZBTnCqDKg87S_KVtwVgEYxPdNOkB_8TnoClsG_X6mMZJkFaIJFDtMaYudil2ek7YpsAarz5C5uLSa6BNIb46S0rTo64ovXBRs9Lhnn3aRgOP33LdU_ilGIHG1-dlKh09wp6mloARk9E2akpW1pEM_Qta3v0OtS1iARTwu7oQzwPMyQ-ES03Es Stenton, C. “The MRC Breathlessness Scale.” ''Occupational Medicine'', vol. 58, no. 3, 1 May 2008, pp. 226–227, 10.1093/occmed/kqm162. Accessed 27 Nov. 2021].</ref> | ||
There are various tools available to measure the dyspnoea as an outcome, such as [[Borg Rating Of Perceived Exertion|Borg Scale]], St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire | There are various tools available to measure the dyspnoea as an outcome, such as [[Borg Rating Of Perceived Exertion|Borg Scale]], St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire | ||
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==== Advantages ==== | ==== Advantages ==== | ||
* Easy to administer | * Easy to administer | ||
* self administer<ref name=": | * self administer<ref name=":1" /> | ||
==== Disadvantage ==== | ==== Disadvantage ==== | ||
* Because of its subjectivity score may vary from patient to patient | * Because of its subjectivity score may vary from patient to patient | ||
* Therapist have to rely on patient for result<ref name=": | * Therapist have to rely on patient for result<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== Links == | == Links == | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QyQ3GrFlmI MRC Dyspnoea Score / Scale for COPD in 75 seconds] | *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QyQ3GrFlmI MRC Dyspnoea Score / Scale for COPD in 75 seconds] | ||
*[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19696126/ Patient-reported | *[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19696126/ Patient-reported] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1QyQ3GrFlmI Dyspnoea] in COPD reliability and association with stage of disease | ||
=== Related articles === | === Related articles === | ||
| Line 83: | Line 83: | ||
[https://www.physio-pedia.com/Role_of_Pulmonary_Rehabilitation_in_Silicosis?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Role of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Silicosis] | [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Role_of_Pulmonary_Rehabilitation_in_Silicosis?utm_source=physiopedia&utm_medium=search&utm_campaign=ongoing_internal Role of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Silicosis] | ||
== References == | |||
[[Category:Outcome Measures]] | [[Category:Outcome Measures]] | ||
<references /> | |||
Revision as of 05:58, 27 November 2021
Original Editor - Shreya Trivedi
Top Contributors - Shreya Trivedi and Vidya Acharya
Objective[edit | edit source]
To measure the amount of dyspnoea in patient with various condition like.
Intended Population[edit | edit source]
The MRC Scale can be used to measure dyspnoea in various conditions like COPD, Bronchial asthma, Restrictive disease, pulmonary fibrosis, occupational lung disease, various heart conditions such as heart failure.
Method of Use[edit | edit source]
It is a questionnaire in which patient has to understand the activity when he feels dyspnoea and based on that patient has to grade the dyspnoea. The MRC breathlessness scale comprises five statements that describe almost the entire range of respiratory disability from none (Grade 1) to almost complete incapacity (Grade 5). It can be self-administered by asking subjects to choose a phrase that best describes their condition, e.g. ‘I only get breathless with strenuous exertion’ (Grade 1) or ‘I am too breathless to leave the house’ (Grade 5). Alternatively, it can be administered by an interviewer with the statements framed as questions, e.g. ‘Are you short of breath when hurrying on the level or walking up a slight incline’ (Grade 2). The score is the number that best fits to the patient’s level of activity. All the questions relate to everyday activities and are generally easily understood by patients. A score can usually be obtained in a few seconds.[1]
Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnoea Scale[edit | edit source]
| Grade | Degree of breathlessness related to activities |
|---|---|
| 1 | Not troubled by breathlessness except on
strenuous exercise |
| 2 | Short of breath when hurrying on the level or
walking up a slight hill |
| 3 | Walks slower than most people on the level,
stops after a mile or so, or stops after 15 minutes walking at own pace |
| 4 | Stops for breath after walking about 100 yds or
after a few minutes on level ground |
| 5 | Too breathless to leave the house, or breathless
when undressing |
References[edit | edit source]
Evidence[edit | edit source]
2. Measurement of breathlessness in advanced disease: A systematic review.
3. The Medical Research council Dyspnoea Scale.
Reliability and Validity[edit | edit source]
Based on various researcher it was found that MRC scale is valid and reliable tool to measure dsypnea in various condition. It also gives and idea about the functional status of the patient and predicts severity[1]. [2][3]
Responsiveness[edit | edit source]
The MRC Dypnoea scale is highly responsive to exertional dyspnoea.[4]
Miscellaneous[edit | edit source]
Dyspnoea is one of the most common symptom of majority of respiratory conditions such as COPD, Bronchial Asthma, and Restrictive lung disease. Though dyspnoea(widely known as breathlessness) is subjective and difficult to quantify its plays a major role in decision-making about diagnosis and treatment so it is important to measure the amount of dyspnoea[5]Assessment of dyspnoea is an integral and core component of Respiratory Assessment.[6]
There are various tools available to measure the dyspnoea as an outcome, such as Borg Scale, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) etc, The MRC breathlessness scale does not quantify breathlessness itself. Other tools such as the Borg scale or visual analogue scales are used for that Rather, it quantifies the disability associated with breathlessness by identifying that breathlessness occurs when it should not (Grades 1 and 2) or by quantifying the associated exercise limitation (Grades 3–5).There is up to 98% agreement between observers recording MRC breathlessness scores The score correlates well with the results of other breathlessness scales,lung function measurements and with direct measures of disability such as walking distance.[6]
Advantages[edit | edit source]
- Easy to administer
- self administer[6]
Disadvantage[edit | edit source]
- Because of its subjectivity score may vary from patient to patient
- Therapist have to rely on patient for result[5]
Links[edit | edit source]
- MRC Dyspnoea Score / Scale for COPD in 75 seconds
- Patient-reported Dyspnoea in COPD reliability and association with stage of disease
Related articles[edit | edit source]
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Dyspnoea Management Questionnaire
Role of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Silicosis
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Bestall, J C, et al. “Usefulness of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnoea Scale as a Measure of Disability in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.” Thorax, vol. 54, no. 7, 1 July 1999, pp. 581–586, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1745516/pdf/v054p00581.pdf, 10.1136/thx.54.7.581.
- ↑ Manali, Effrosyni D, et al. “MRC Chronic Dyspnea Scale: Relationships with Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing and 6-Minute Walk Test in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients: A Prospective Study.” BMC Pulmonary Medicine, vol. 10, no. 1, 28 May 2010, 10.1186/1471-2466-10-32. Accessed 10 Aug. 2021.
- ↑ Marciniuk, Darcy D, et al. “Managing Dyspnea in Patients with Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Canadian Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.” Canadian Respiratory Journal : Journal of the Canadian Thoracic Society, vol. 18, no. 2, 2011, pp. 69–78,
- ↑ Nouraei, S.A.R., et al. “Sensitivity and Responsiveness of the Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale to the Presence and Treatment of Adult Laryngotracheal Stenosis.” Clinical Otolaryngology, vol. 33, no. 6, Dec. 2008, pp. 575–580, 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2008.01832.x. Accessed 27 Nov. 2021.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:0 - ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Stenton, C. “The MRC Breathlessness Scale.” Occupational Medicine, vol. 58, no. 3, 1 May 2008, pp. 226–227, 10.1093/occmed/kqm162. Accessed 27 Nov. 2021.
