Orthoses for Management of Neuromuscular Impairment: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
The neuromuscular system can be called as the biomechanical apparatus through which the CNS executes postural actions<ref>Alghwiri A, Whitney S; Guccione's Geriatric Physical Therapy, (Fourth Edition), Mosby,2020.</ref>. It includes all the muscles in the body and the nerves serving them. The term ‘neuromuscular disorders' encompasses conditions which affe | |||
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ct either the muscles, such as those in the arms and legs or heart and lungs, or the nerves which control the muscles<ref>Potikanond, S., et al. Muscular Dystrophy Model. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018; 1076: 147-172.</ref>. Common examples may include: [[Cerebral Palsy and Associated Conditions|Cerebral palsy]], [[Stroke]], [[Spinal Cord Injury|Spinal cord injury]], [[Post-Polio Syndrome|Post-polio syndrome]], [[Muscular Dystrophy|Muscular]] dystrophies, [[Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)|Spinal muscular atrophy]],etc. | |||
[[International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)|Impairments]] in these diseases may vary widely by person and condition, in type and severity, and may include: | |||
* increased or decreased tone, | |||
* atrophied muscle mass, weakness, | |||
* muscle twitching, shaking, cramping, | |||
* stiff or tight muscles ([[spasticity]]), | |||
* walking on the toes, | |||
* a crouched gait, | |||
* drop foot, numbness and tingling | |||
* balance problems, loss of postural control | |||
These impairments often cause mobility problems and affect the quality of life of the individual adversely. They have to rely on assistive devices like [[Orthotics|orthoses]] to improve function and mobility. The clinician has to identify the impairments and functional limitations, understand the prognosis, take into account the lifestyle and risk factors before selecting the most appropriate treatment method and/or assistive device. | |||
== Assessment == | == Assessment == | ||
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<references /> | <references /> | ||
Revision as of 12:21, 15 June 2021
Original Editors - Rucha Gadgil
Top Contributors - Rucha Gadgil, Naomi O'Reilly and Kim Jackson
Introduction[edit | edit source]
The neuromuscular system can be called as the biomechanical apparatus through which the CNS executes postural actions[1]. It includes all the muscles in the body and the nerves serving them. The term ‘neuromuscular disorders' encompasses conditions which affe ct either the muscles, such as those in the arms and legs or heart and lungs, or the nerves which control the muscles[2]. Common examples may include: Cerebral palsy, Stroke, Spinal cord injury, Post-polio syndrome, Muscular dystrophies, Spinal muscular atrophy,etc.
Impairments in these diseases may vary widely by person and condition, in type and severity, and may include:
- increased or decreased tone,
- atrophied muscle mass, weakness,
- muscle twitching, shaking, cramping,
- stiff or tight muscles (spasticity),
- walking on the toes,
- a crouched gait,
- drop foot, numbness and tingling
- balance problems, loss of postural control
These impairments often cause mobility problems and affect the quality of life of the individual adversely. They have to rely on assistive devices like orthoses to improve function and mobility. The clinician has to identify the impairments and functional limitations, understand the prognosis, take into account the lifestyle and risk factors before selecting the most appropriate treatment method and/or assistive device.
Assessment[edit | edit source]
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Measurement [edit | edit source]
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Fitting[edit | edit source]
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Evidence[edit | edit source]
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