Bridging: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | |||
[[File:Brindging_3.jpg|alt=|right]] | |||
== | Bridging exercise (supine), a closed chain weight-bearing exercise,is an exercise which increases muscular strength of the [[Hip Extensors|hip extensors]] and promotes [[Spinal Stabilization|trunk stability]]. When performed correctly, a bridge exercise can help promote better posture, | ||
Bridging exercise, a closed chain weight-bearing exercise,is an exercise which increases muscular strength of the | |||
# It is often prescribed for patients with back pain , and increases the activities of trunk stabilization muscles such as the [[Abdominal Muscles|internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae muscles]].<ref name="min yong">Min YE,Sin HC,Tae SK. Effects of Bridging Exercise on Different Support Surfaces on the Transverse Abdominis. Journal of Physical Therapy Sciences, 2013; 25:1343–1346.</ref> | |||
# Individuals with back and [[Hip Osteoarthritis|hip pathologies]] are often taught to perform the bridging exercise in the crook-lying position, elevating the pelvis off the floor. This exercise is particularly useful for facilitating pelvic motions and strengthening the low back and hip extensors, and it enhances motor control of the [[Lumbosacral Biomechanics|lumbo-pelvic region]].<ref name="eun mi">Eun-Mi Jang, Mi-Hyun Kim,Jae-Seop Oh. Effects of a Bridging Exercise with Hip Adduction on the EMG Activities of the Abdominal and Hip Extensor Muscles in Females. Journal of Physical Therapy Sciences, 2013; 25:1147–1149.</ref> | |||
The | Note: The bridge exercise in this page refers to the back bridge. Bridge exercises may used as a term for the [[Plank exercise|plank]] (prone bridge) side plank (side bridge) exercise. <ref>Musculoskeletal Key Electromyographic Analysis of Deep Trunk Muscles During Sports Activities Available:https://musculoskeletalkey.com/electromyographic-analysis-of-deep-trunk-muscles-during-sports-activities/ (accessed 22.11.2022)</ref> | ||
< | <span>Technique:</span> The patient lies down with the back, [[Knee|knees]] in full flexion and feet flat on the floor and close to the buttock. Then the patient lifts hip off the floor towards the ceiling/sky as high as possible. | ||
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The pelvic bridging exercise can be varied as: | The pelvic bridging exercise can be varied as: | ||
* With pelvic tilt [[Image:Pelvic tilt 1.jpg]] | * With pelvic tilt [[Image:Pelvic tilt 1.jpg]]<br> | ||
<br> | |||
* With [[Straight Leg Raise Test|straight leg raising (SLR)]] [[Image:Bridging with slr.jpg]] | * With [[Straight Leg Raise Test|straight leg raising (SLR)]] [[Image:Bridging with slr.jpg]] | ||
* With SLR and [[Gluteus Maximus|Glutei contraction]] [[Image:Bridging with gluts .jpg]]<br> | * With SLR and [[Gluteus Maximus|Glutei contraction]] [[Image:Bridging with gluts .jpg]] | ||
* On BOSU ball[[File:Bridge on BOSU.jpg|thumb|Bridge on BOSU]]<br> | |||
* Recently , changes in the activity of the trunk muscles in different kinds of bridging exercises has been evaluated by Kong YS et al <ref>Kong YS,Cho YH,Park JW. Changes in the activities of the trunk muscles in different kinds of bridging exercises. J Phys Ther Sci. 2013;25(12):1609-12</ref> The authors concluded that bridging exercise in the '''prone position''' may be a more effective method of enhancing trunk muscle activities. | * Recently , changes in the activity of the trunk muscles in different kinds of bridging exercises has been evaluated by Kong YS et al <ref>Kong YS,Cho YH,Park JW. Changes in the activities of the trunk muscles in different kinds of bridging exercises. J Phys Ther Sci. 2013;25(12):1609-12</ref> The authors concluded that bridging exercise in the '''prone position''' may be a more effective method of enhancing trunk muscle activities. | ||
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* Performing the bridging exercise on '''unstable surface''' increases the muscles activity of the deep abdominal muscles (transverse abdominis and internal oblique) compared to on stable surface.<ref>Cho M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4305576/ The effects of bridge exercise with the abdominal drawing-in maneuver on an unstable surface on the abdominal muscle thickness of healthy adults.] Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(1):255-7.</ref> | * Performing the bridging exercise on '''unstable surface''' increases the muscles activity of the deep abdominal muscles (transverse abdominis and internal oblique) compared to on stable surface.<ref>Cho M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4305576/ The effects of bridge exercise with the abdominal drawing-in maneuver on an unstable surface on the abdominal muscle thickness of healthy adults.] Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(1):255-7.</ref> | ||
* Some points that could enhance the exercise include performing the abdominal draw in maneuver before the bridging exercise to prevent excessive lumbar lordosis. Also maximum expiration which was found to increase the abdominal muscles activity compared to resting expiration during side bridge exercise.<ref>Ishida H, Watanabe S. Maximum expiration activates the abdominal muscles during side bridge exercise. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 2015 Jan 1;28(1):81-4.</ref><ref>Gong W. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6047969/ The effects of the continuous bridge exercise on the thickness of abdominal muscles in normal adults.] Journal of physical therapy science. 2018;30(7):921-5.</ref> | * Some points that could enhance the exercise include performing the abdominal draw in maneuver before the bridging exercise to prevent excessive lumbar lordosis. Also maximum expiration which was found to increase the abdominal muscles activity compared to resting expiration during side bridge exercise.<ref>Ishida H, Watanabe S. Maximum expiration activates the abdominal muscles during side bridge exercise. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 2015 Jan 1;28(1):81-4.</ref><ref>Gong W. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6047969/ The effects of the continuous bridge exercise on the thickness of abdominal muscles in normal adults.] Journal of physical therapy science. 2018;30(7):921-5.</ref> | ||
== Bridging Exercise and Low Back Pain (LBP) == | |||
*The bridging exercise is beneficial for people with [[Low Back Pain|LBP]], particularly the prone bridge (plank) Planks: | |||
** Improves proprioception in the lumbar spine<ref>Kong YS, Jang GU, Park S. The effects of prone bridge exercise on the Oswestry disability index and proprioception of patients with chronic low back pain. Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(9):2749-52.</ref>. | |||
** Increase the thickness of intrenal oblique, external oblique and transversus abdominal muscles<ref>Kong YS, Lee WJ, Park S, Jang GU. The effects of prone bridge exercise on trunk muscle thickness in chronic low back pain patients. Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(7):2073-6.</ref> | |||
** Essential for patients with low back pain and superior to supine bridging. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 06:41, 22 November 2022
Original Editor - Daan Vandebriel Sheik Abdul Khadir.
Top Contributors - Sheik Abdul Khadir, Lucinda hampton, Kim Jackson, Uchechukwu Chukwuemeka, Lilian Ashraf, Mostafa Shahien, Daan Vandebriel, Garima Gedamkar, WikiSysop, Claire Knott and Evan Thomas
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Bridging exercise (supine), a closed chain weight-bearing exercise,is an exercise which increases muscular strength of the hip extensors and promotes trunk stability. When performed correctly, a bridge exercise can help promote better posture,
- It is often prescribed for patients with back pain , and increases the activities of trunk stabilization muscles such as the internal oblique, external oblique, and erector spinae muscles.[1]
- Individuals with back and hip pathologies are often taught to perform the bridging exercise in the crook-lying position, elevating the pelvis off the floor. This exercise is particularly useful for facilitating pelvic motions and strengthening the low back and hip extensors, and it enhances motor control of the lumbo-pelvic region.[2]
Note: The bridge exercise in this page refers to the back bridge. Bridge exercises may used as a term for the plank (prone bridge) side plank (side bridge) exercise. [3]
Technique: The patient lies down with the back, knees in full flexion and feet flat on the floor and close to the buttock. Then the patient lifts hip off the floor towards the ceiling/sky as high as possible.
| [4] | [5] |
Movement Analysis[edit | edit source]
The movement analysis of bridging / pelvic bridging reveals the movement comprises of
Variations [edit | edit source]
The pelvic bridging exercise can be varied as:
- With pelvic tilt
- With SLR and Glutei contraction
- On BOSU ball
- Recently , changes in the activity of the trunk muscles in different kinds of bridging exercises has been evaluated by Kong YS et al [6] The authors concluded that bridging exercise in the prone position may be a more effective method of enhancing trunk muscle activities.
- A study by Jeong-Oh Yoon et al, found that bridging exercise on unstable surface or with single leg lift hip abduction facilitated the muscles activity of internal oblique and rectus abdominis. While no significant increase was found in back muscles multifidus and erector spinae. Internal oblique muscles is connected indirectly to the lumbar spine through the thoracolumbar fascia, so its activation increases the stiffness of the lumbar spine. It should be noted that, rectus abdominis muscle activity increase on the same side of the lifted leg. (Right single leg lift bridging exercise increased right rectus abdominis activity).[7]
- A study by Chan-Myeong Kim et al, found that External oblique and erector spinae muscles activity increased with hip inversion 25 degrees while gluteus maximus muscle increased activity in 25 degrees hip external rotation.[8]
- Performing the bridging exercise on unstable surface increases the muscles activity of the deep abdominal muscles (transverse abdominis and internal oblique) compared to on stable surface.[9]
- Some points that could enhance the exercise include performing the abdominal draw in maneuver before the bridging exercise to prevent excessive lumbar lordosis. Also maximum expiration which was found to increase the abdominal muscles activity compared to resting expiration during side bridge exercise.[10][11]
Bridging Exercise and Low Back Pain (LBP)[edit | edit source]
- The bridging exercise is beneficial for people with LBP, particularly the prone bridge (plank) Planks:
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Min YE,Sin HC,Tae SK. Effects of Bridging Exercise on Different Support Surfaces on the Transverse Abdominis. Journal of Physical Therapy Sciences, 2013; 25:1343–1346.
- ↑ Eun-Mi Jang, Mi-Hyun Kim,Jae-Seop Oh. Effects of a Bridging Exercise with Hip Adduction on the EMG Activities of the Abdominal and Hip Extensor Muscles in Females. Journal of Physical Therapy Sciences, 2013; 25:1147–1149.
- ↑ Musculoskeletal Key Electromyographic Analysis of Deep Trunk Muscles During Sports Activities Available:https://musculoskeletalkey.com/electromyographic-analysis-of-deep-trunk-muscles-during-sports-activities/ (accessed 22.11.2022)
- ↑ Bridging. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=syoirIxumiY
- ↑ Bridging with progressions tightness Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qaoa9V-bL9c
- ↑ Kong YS,Cho YH,Park JW. Changes in the activities of the trunk muscles in different kinds of bridging exercises. J Phys Ther Sci. 2013;25(12):1609-12
- ↑ Yoon JO, Kang MH, Kim JS, Oh JS. Effect of modified bridge exercise on trunk muscle activity in healthy adults: a cross sectional study. Brazilian journal of physical therapy. 2018 Mar 1;22(2):161-7.
- ↑ Kim CM, Kong YS, Hwang YT, Park JW. The effect of the trunk and gluteus maximus muscle activities according to support surface and hip joint rotation during bridge exercise. Journal of physical therapy science. 2018;30(7):943-7.
- ↑ Cho M. The effects of bridge exercise with the abdominal drawing-in maneuver on an unstable surface on the abdominal muscle thickness of healthy adults. Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(1):255-7.
- ↑ Ishida H, Watanabe S. Maximum expiration activates the abdominal muscles during side bridge exercise. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 2015 Jan 1;28(1):81-4.
- ↑ Gong W. The effects of the continuous bridge exercise on the thickness of abdominal muscles in normal adults. Journal of physical therapy science. 2018;30(7):921-5.
- ↑ Kong YS, Jang GU, Park S. The effects of prone bridge exercise on the Oswestry disability index and proprioception of patients with chronic low back pain. Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(9):2749-52.
- ↑ Kong YS, Lee WJ, Park S, Jang GU. The effects of prone bridge exercise on trunk muscle thickness in chronic low back pain patients. Journal of physical therapy science. 2015;27(7):2073-6.
