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...muscles, which spinalis belong to, are the most powerful extensors of the spine.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> ...tebral]] spine and inserted into the bones of the upper thoracic vertebral spine.

...ticulations, measuring 2 × 4 to 3 × 6 mm., situated between the five lower cervical vertebral bodies. They are located anteromedially to the mixed nerve root a ...allow for flexion and extension and limit lateral flexion in the cervical spine.

...three synovial joints and constitutes the most mobile articulation of the spine<ref>Magee, D. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Elsevier</ref>. &nbsp;The mi Between the articular processes of the two bones there is on either side an arthrodial or gliding joint.

Vertebra prominens is the name of the seventh cervical vertebra. ...rocess that protrudes posteriorly toward the [[skin]] at the back of the [[Cervical Anatomy|neck]].

...ch provide cushioning between the vertebrae and absorb pressure put on the spine. It is a nearly universal condition in those who reach advanced age, but it === Types of Spondylosis in spine ===

...vertebra) also known as epistropheus forms the pivot upon which the first cervical vertebra (the [[Atlas]]), which carries the head, rotates.<ref>Axis (anatom ...flattened where it articulates with the transverse ligament.<ref>Cervical Spine Anatomy: Overview, Gross Anatomy https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/194

...uscles, ligaments, and sometimes also the bones and nerves of the cervical spine. ...severe pain.<ref>Anderson C, Yeung E, Tong T, et al. A narrative review on cervical interventions in adults with chronic whiplashassociated disorder. BMJ Open

The Atlas (the first cervical vertebra - C1) differs from the other cervical vertebrae in that it has no body or spinous process. &nbsp;It is comprised [[Category:Cervical Spine - Anatomy]]

.../www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541001/#_NBK541001_pubdet_ Anatomy, Thorax, Cervical Rib].[updated 2020 Aug 22]. In:StatPearls[Internet].Treasure Island(FL): st .../www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780443067167000670 "Case 67 - Cervical ribs"], ''100 Challenging Spinal Pain Syndrome Cases (Second Edition)'', E

[[File:Cervical vertebrae lig flavum.png|right|frameless|492x492px]] ...with the tendons and muscles, provides a natural brace to help protect the spine from injury.

...an also result in [[Spinal Stenosis|spinal stenosis]], neurologic deficit, cervical spinal deformity and instability. Patients can be polysyndromic in their pr Image 1: [[X-Rays|X-ray]] showing fused cervical vertebrae as seen in Klippel–Feil syndrome

...skull- canine]]The Roof of the cranium is made up of frontal and parietal bones. ...s between the mandibular condyles and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bones

...tebrae.png|thumb|right]][[Image:Cervical vertebra.png|thumb|right]][[Image:Cervical Vertebra side view.png|thumb|right]] ...Clinical Center. http://www.umm.edu/programs/spine/health/guides/cervical-spine-anatomy. Accessed 21 april 2017.</ref><ref name="Gray">Gray H. Gray's Anato

# Palpate bones, joints, muscles, and surrounding tissue. <ref name=":3" /> ==== Lumbar Spine ====

...hey are mid to end-range facet [[Manual Techniques for the Cervicothoracic Spine|joint mobilizations]] that are applied Antero- cranially along the treatmen * NAGS are used to increase spinal movement in the cervical region and decrease the pain associated with it.<ref>Hussain, S. I., Ahmad,

...MC4836940/ Management of typical and atypical Hangman's fractures.] Global spine journal. 2016 May;6(03):248-56.</ref> ...nal weakened by the foramen transversarium on each side. There is no other cervical bony injury with a Hangman’s fracture.<ref name=":0">T.G. Williams. Hangm

...n the superior [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] spine and the inferior lumbar spine. It consists of 12 vertebrae that are distinct in shape and function from v ...tched on their superior and inferior surfaces, in the articulated thoracic spine, these notches form the intervertebral foramina for the passage of the thor

...ion (whilst paddling) increases the demands on the structures of the upper spine and associated soft tissues. ...nsion in the thoracic, increasing the demands of extension on the cervical spine.

...[[Cervical Radiculopathy|cervical radiculopathy]] or [[Cervical Myelopathy|cervical myelopathy]]. ...[[Cervical Spondylosis|spondylosis]] (degenerative changes in the cervical spine) but can also be the result of traumatic (fractures and instability) and in

...1;12(2):e053999.</ref>[[File:C-spine-picture.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Cervical spine]] [[Ligament]]: fibrous connective tissue that holds the bones together.