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To assess for possible [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome]].<br> ...ully turn her head away from the side being tested and extend the cervical spine.

...gia. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 1992 Aug 1;73(8):735-7. * The cervical spine is passively and maximally rotated away from the side being tested.

...Encyclopedia". Medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 2012-08-24.</ref><br> ....; Copabianco, John D.; Cox, James J. (2009). OMT review. pp. 3–5. ISBN 978-0967009018.</ref><br>

...used to diagnose facet joint injury in the spine especially in the lumbar and cervical region.<br> ...y with the thumbs over the spinous or transverse processes of the thoracic spine on both sides. The clinician looks for pain or hypomobility /hypermobility

Test for presence of [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|thoracic outlet syndrome]].<br> ...atment/head-neck-back/thoracic-outlet-syndrome-more-than-just-a-pain-in-the-neck</ref>

...orsi Muscle|latissimus dorsi]], [[Quadratus Lumborum|quadratus lumborum]], and [[trapezius]]. When testing the thoracic and lumbar spine strength a few differences are noted:

...nostic tool used in the identification of [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)]]. It is also known as the “elevated arm stress tes Please refer to the [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)]] page.

...ichter]], [[User:Meghan Barclayas|Meghan Barclayas]] and [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Shannon_Petersen Shannon Petersen] part of the [[Des Moines U ...in may benefit from treatment directed at the cervical or thoracic spines, and/or wrist.

...l subjects.] Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2019 Mar 15;27(2):92-8. ...segment. Which can be painful for patients with lower cervical spine pain and dysfunction.<ref name=":0" />

[[File:Piron-guillaume-y5hQCIn1c6o-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless]] Thoracic back pain is more likely to be caused by serious underlying pathology than

...to administer with excellent inter and intra-rater reliability, validity, and responsiveness. <br> Musculoskeletal conditions of the lumbar-pelvic region eg

...nvLOvDZxoN2q9qAMIR8_X0_wow Clinical Orthopaedic Rehabilitation: An Evidence-based Approach.] 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2011</ref>< ...n DG, Wiesel SW, Boden SD. Low Back and Neck Pain: Comprehensive Diagnosis and Management. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2004.</ref>

[[File:Sam-burriss-zHSX9o2 B7Y-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless|600x600px]] ...ion: prevalence, incidence and associated factors in children, adolescents and adults. A systematic review.] BMC Musculoskeletal disorders. 2009 Dec;10(1)

...ng process is relevant as there is evidence of correlations between injury and posture.<ref name=":1" /> Abnormal [[Posture|postures]] can influence muscl Studies of various sports find load accumulation and uneven muscle tone can cause postural faults. [[File:Cyclist Emilia Fahlin

...he Cervical Flexion-Rotation Test. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2008;31:293-300</ref> ...r, these tests involve a high degree of skill on the part of the examiner, and their reliability has been questioned.

'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Whitney Bass|Whitney Bass]] and [[User:Kim Bevillard|Kim Bevillard]] ...rs' Guide to the Musculoskeletal Examination: Fundamentals for the Evidence-Based Clinician. Buckner: Evidence in Motion; 2008.</ref><br>

...erior lumbar spine. It consists of 12 vertebrae that are distinct in shape and function from vertebrae found in other regions of the vertebral column. ...c vertebrae are medium sized and heart shaped. They are all weight-bearing and generally increase in size from superiorly to inferiorly with an increase i

...control study.] Brazilian journal of physical therapy. 2019 Jul 1;23(4):346-54. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6630105/#bi * Stiff upper thoracic spine or rounded upper spine causing cervical spine to hyperextend to see ahead.

...th a thin outer layer of compact bone. Similar to the first rib, the 11th and 12th ribs are considered atypical ribs due to their anatomical features< * Wide and short, consisting of a single articular facet for the costovertebral joint.

...a supine position (lying on your back) keeping your upper extremity fixed and rotating your lower extremity. It is a twisting motion of your lower trunk ...arms in the opposite direction.<ref>[http://morphopedics.wikidot.com/lumbar-rotation#:~:text=Lumbar%20rotation%20can%20be%20preformed,of%20your%20lower%