Search results

...th the [[Elbow Varus Stress|varus stress test]], this test can be repeated in varying degrees of elbow extension to test different portions of the MCL.<r == Evidence ==

...nt capsule, or to assess [[Shoulder Instability|glenohumeral instability]] in an anterior direction.<br> ...damentals for the evidence-based clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion</ref>.&nbsp; Patient apprehension from this maneuver, not pain, is consider

...nctioning normally it produces observable breathing mechanics of abdominal motion, anterior-superior chest expansion, and lateral rib expansion, commonly ref The Hi-Lo Test is used in the assessment of breathing pattern dysfunction, by the observation of abdo

== Evidence == ...tively elevates the arm in the scapular plane and then slowly reverses the motion.&nbsp; A positive test is defined as the patient experiencing pain during t

...ion of Breathing Pattern: Comparison of a Manual Assessment of Respiratory Motion(MARM) and Respiratory Induction Plethysmography. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeed ...relative to the overall lateral motion. Also, the therapist decides if the motion is predominantly upper rib cage, lower rib cage/abdomen or relatively balan

...f>Lindgren KA, Leino E, Manninen H. Cervical rotation lateral flexion test in brachialgia. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation. 1992 Aug 1;7 * The test is performed with the patient in a sitting.

...and with prolonged gripping or making a fist. Symptoms are most often seen in the ring and long finger.<ref name="text">Donatelli RA, Wooden MJ editors: ...wo tests, then capsular restriction at the PIP joint is implicated. If the motion increases when the MCP joint is flexed, then lumbricale muscle tightness is

...aspects related to wrist and hand function, residual deformities, range of motion and nerve complications. ...s://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1123382/ Colles' fractures. Functional bracing in supination]. The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume. 1975 A

...ject.&nbsp;This project was created by and for the students of Evidence in Motion, and is part of the Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapy Fellowship.&nbsp; ...s use? Provide several case examples that illustrates each of the concepts in SINSS.

...e stage of burn recovery is to preserve and enhance the patient's range of motion. This is crucial for preventing contractures and ensuring optimal function ...ction, and the potential adverse effects of prolonged bed rest on range of motion and overall function (Schneider et al, 2012).

...pinal mechanics. Motion of the [[Lumbar Anatomy|lumbar spine]] is assessed in all [[Cardinal Planes and Axes of Movement|planes]] including flexion, exte Table: Average Healthy Ranges of Motion Measured from Anatomic Position: Lumbar spine<ref>Learn muscles Motions of

...fundamentals for the evidence-based clinician. United States; Evidence in motion: 2008.</ref> <ref>Magee DJ. Orthopedic Physical Assessment: 5th Edition. St == Evidence ==

.... The McKenzie side glide test is an assessment of obstruction of movement in the frontal plane and can be provocation test for patients to determine a c ...w.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2646960/ McKenzie diagnosis and therapy in the evaluation and management of a lumbar disc derangement syndrome: A case

...Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion</ref>&nbsp; The test can be repeated in varying degrees of elbow flexion, but generally it is positioned between 5

...damentals for the evidence-based clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion</ref>. The therapist abducts the patient's shoulder to 90 degrees.&nbsp; Th == Evidence ==

...tt BC, Farhart PJ. The reliability of musculoskeletal screening tests used in cricket. Phys Ther Sport. 2008 Feb;9(1):25-33.</ref> ...m the wall to the tip of the big toe is recorded. The distance is measured in centimeters (cm) with each centimeter corresponding to approximately 3.6°

...Williams &amp; Wilkins, SPINE vol 37, Number 19, pp E1189-E1196 (level of Evidence: 1B)</ref>. .../pmc/articles/PMC4530222/ The anthropometric measurement of schober’s test in normal taiwanese population.] BioMed research international. 2015;2015.</re

...contact of structures resulting in [[Pain Mechanisms|pain]] or restricted motion is impingement<ref name=":1">Kyle P. Lavery, Kevin J. McHale, William H. Ro ...es, compensating for proximal malalignment, and substituting hand function in individuals with upper extremity [[Amputations|amputation]]/paralysis. <ref

...sh the patella backward against the [[femur]]. An increased patella waving motion or spongy joint feeling suggests the test is positive for joint effusion<re == Evidence ==

...acroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction. SIJ dysfunction can be a source of pain in the lower back and buttocks.<ref name=":0">Ribeiro RP, Guerrero FG, Camargo ...he PSISs was symmetrical or positive if one side moved more than the other in the cephalic and/or ventral directions . <ref name=":0" />

...s test. The version that provoked arm symptoms the best was with the neck in extension, lateral flexion and axial compression.<ref name="Anekstein et al In some resources there is reference to test A and B, these variations are bot

'''Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) therapy''' uses machines to move a joint passively i.e. without the p ...cs.] J Pediatr Orthop. 1990 Jan-Feb;10(1):120-3. </ref> CPM was introduced in the early post-operative period and was combined with physiotherapy for max

...damentals for the evidence-based clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion</ref> == Evidence ==

...motion segment. The C1-C2 motion segment accounts for 50% of the rotation in the cervical spine.<ref name="Hall 2008">Hall TM, Robinson KW, AkasakaK. In ...pecificity to detect the presence or absence of cervical joint dysfunction in neck pain and headache patients.<ref>Sandmark H, Nisell R. Validity of five

...and in a posterolateral direction to assess posterior instability. Normal motion anteriorly is half of the distance of the humeral head, more movement is co == Evidence ==

...educing pain, improving shoulder ROM, and decreasing functional impairment in patients with frozen shoulder. <ref name=":0" /> ...t of Spencer Technique on Pain, Range of Motion, and Functional Disability in Patients With Frozen Shoulder: A Pilot Study]. Cureus. 2024 Jan 30;16(1).</

...damentals for the evidence-based clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion</ref><br> == Evidence ==

# Range of Motion (arc of motion of the art. humeroulnaris) ...hen deciding the best post-operative treatment for example: the difference in prognosis between open and closed fractures when operated.

...uction of the uncrossed two-joints muscles of the leg to one-joint muscles in spastic conditions. Acta Chir Scand;1924;56:315-30.</ref>. The Silfverskiö ...(STJ) in neutral, forefoot is supinated and foot is dorsiflexed with knee in full extension. Measurement is taken of the DF range. Then the test is repe

...damentals for the Evidence-based Clinician. Buckner, Kentucky: Evidence in Motion; 2008.</ref>. ...legs over the edge and feet resting on the floor. While the patient rests in this position with the trunk muscles relaxed, the examiner applies posterio

...rder prominence, Coracoid pain and malposition, and DysKinesis of scapular motion)<ref>López-Vidriero E, López-Vidriero R, Rosa LF, et al. Scapular dyskine === Evidence ===

...pists use these as an adjunct to other treatment and management techniques in most situations.[[Image:Tens.jpg|thumb|right|200px|TENS Unit]] *[[Current Concepts in Electrotherapy|Current Concepts in Electrotherapy]]

...odontoid process relative to C1 is torn, C1 will translate forwards on C2 in flexion. ..., Kautiainen H. Active conservative treatment of atlantioaxial subluxation in rheumatoid arthritis. British J Rheum 1998;37:417-420.</ref> Cervical spina

...ch on maximal muscle performance: a systematic review.] Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.Jan 2012 : 44(1) :154-164.</ref> It is a slow, controlle ...exercise session or main sport events can lead to decrease in performance in these subsequent events.<ref name=":1">I Shrier . [https://insights.ovid.co

...of exercises that were founded in the 1930s for people with low back pain. In comparison with the McKenzie back exercises that based on lumbar extension, # '''The Single Knee To Chest:''' The single knee to chest motion is done with the patient lying on a table or bed. They are then instructed

...patient in sitting or standing, the upper extremity to be tested is placed in 90° of shoulder flexion and 10-15° of horizontal adduction *The procedure is then repeated in a neutral shoulder and forearm position

...and inter-rater reliability and correlation with the flexion rotation test in normal subjects.] Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy. 2019 Mar 15;27( ...upper thoracic spine in complete flexion to localize rotation to the C1-C2 motion segment. Which can be painful for patients with lower cervical spine pain a

...lenohumoral joint. [[Scapular Dyskinesia|Scapular dyskinesis]] is a change in the normal positioning and movement of the [[scapula]] is linked to glenohu ...and quantifying the level of scapular medial border posterior displacement in overhead athletes.] International journal of sports physical therapy. 2011

...of abduction throughout the range of motion as well as a weak contribution in lateral rotation of the [[humerus]].<ref>Redondo-Alonso L, Chamorro-Moriana {{#ev:youtube| uskZIqThlb0|300}}<ref>Young Lae Moon. Shoulder motion with rotator cuff (supraspinatus). Available from: www.youtube.com/watch?v=

This position results in compression of the medial acromial facet against the distal clavicle to pro == Evidence ==

...stic test is to assess the presence of a full-thickness rotator cuff tear. In particular the ERLS is designed to test the integrity of the supraspinatus ...ys Med Rehabil 2008;89:1162-8.</ref>. The magnitude of the lag is recorded in degrees to the nearest 5°. The contralateral side serves as a control, esp

...ligaments|Test]] evaluates the integrity of the deltoid ligament and aids in determining the degree of instability after a medial [[Ankle Sprain|ankle s ...pist while the other hand holds the lower leg. While maintaining the ankle in a neutral position, the clinician applies an abduction force to the [[calca

...A. Mooar. A rationale for assessing sports activity levels and limitations in knee disorders. ''Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research'' 1989: 246: ...veral modifications to include other components that measure range of knee motion, joint effusion, tibiofemoral and patellofemoral crepitus, knee ligament su

The patient extends elbow as far as possible while either supine or in a standing position. The examiner will assess to whether the patient achiev ...sers' guide to the musculoskeletal examination. United States; Evidence in motion:2008.</ref>

...eir residency training. This project is a component of the capstone course in the EIM residency training. The EIM Residents were given an assignment to each produce two articles in Physiopedia.

...veloped by Robin McKenzie, he proposed in 1981, then published in his book in 2000 that "this method of assessment was equally applicable and effective f ...mechanical assessment is performed of the affected area, including ruling in or out of the spine as a source of the symptoms. Following the assessment,

...itis.’, International Journal of Rheumatic Disease 2011, 145-151 (Level of evidence: 1A)</ref>: *Increase range of motion

Scapular assistance test is used to assess scapular motion which may be linked to shoulder pain.<ref name=":2">Ribeiro LP, Barreto RP, It is a symptom alteration test in which the examiner assists the scapula into upwards rotation and posterior

...t can’t be performed because of pain or limited internal rotation range of motion of the shoulder. <ref name=":0">Dutton M, Magee D, Hengeveld E, Banks K, At ...nd shoulder extension. This unconscious compensatory movement would result in the elbow dropping behind the trunk. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

...rd. <ref name=":0">Cameron MH, Monroe LG. 2008. Physical Rehabilitation: Evidence-Based Examination, Evaluation, and Intervention. Elsevier</ref> ...oint planes and axes. It is also the zero position when measuring range of motion.<ref name=":0" /> Watch the 2 minute video (R) to get a grasp of the topic.

...d-Fwiw Normative adductor squeeze tests scores in rugby]. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2015 May 1;16(2):93-7.</ref> Groin injury is more likely to occur in individuals with adductor muscles weakness, especially [[Groin Strain|adduc

...s, it is aimed at health and rehabilitation professionals who are involved in assessment and management of rehabilitation. ...for the Understanding Basic Rehabilitation Techniques that will take place in September/October 2023.

...gles, which in rehabilitation settings refers to the measurement of angles in each plane at the joints of the body. ...nt, and then make sure the intervention is working by using the goniometer in subsequent sessions to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.

...g a downwardly directed force to the arm, the patient tries to resist this motion. This test is considered positive if the patient experiences pain or weakne == Evidence ==

This traumatic dislocation protocol will vary in length for each individual depending on the seven key factors and the arm d <u>Phase 1 - The acute motion phase</u>

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...x.php?title=Fluctuation_test&action=edit&redlink=1 fluctuation test]&nbsp;(in which the examiner is placing his fingers of one hand near the apex and wit

...is intended to evaluate various hip disabilities and methods of treatment in an adult population. The original version was published 1969<ref name=":0"> ...urs|pain]], function, absence of deformity, and [[Range of Motion|range of motion]]<ref name=":1" />.

...Low Back Pain|Low back pain]] is a major clinical and socioeconomic burden in the global health sector .... 2010 http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/94673-overview#a0106 Level of evidence: D</ref> The annulus consists of 10-20 concentric fibrous rings, with fiber

...ist of a combination of medical signs,symptoms and other clinical findings in predicting the probability of specific disease or outcome are determined.<r To assist in the diagnosis of [[Cervical Radiculopathy|cervical radiculopathy]]..

...4. Level of Evidence 3B</ref>&nbsp;that is still used in clinical practice in certain settings round the world. This terminology (and use of the word syn ...of Orthopaedic &amp; Sports Physical Therapy, 2009 39(5):324–333 Level of Evidence 5</ref>. The dominant shoulder is most commonly involved (82%) and pain rad

Currently, tissue flossing is not strongly supported by high levels of evidence. Athletes, physiotherapists or practitioners that use tissue flossing techn ...e flossing on ankle range of motion and jump performance. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2017 May 1;25:20-4.</ref>

...re Kniepijn’, Afstudeeropdracht fysiotherapie HvU, 2005, p. 1-8. (Level of Evidence 2A)</ref> 4. Place the knee in 20° of flexion from full extension to avoid mechanical locking of the

...ontent/344086n229118604/fulltext.pdffckLRLevel of conclusion : 1B
Level of evidence: B</ref> ...arthrodesis_optech_b1000044c3009.pdffckLRLevel of conclusion : 3B
Level of evidence: D</ref>

...rehabilitation, activation and intensity, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, Jan;18(1):62-6</ref><ref name="gabel2013">Charles P. Gabel, Simon Me ...ng is relevant to prehabilitation, rehabilitation and desired improvements in skill based sporting achievement.

...similar problems that cause pain, local signs of inflammation, and loss of motion. * In both cases, bone forms in and around soft tissue (usually muscle).

...udy in developing a clinical prediction rule for the use of this technique in low back patients. #Patient lies relaxed in a supine position.

...fers to misalignment or abnormal movement of the SIJ, which can cause pain in or around the SIJ.<ref><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Daniel L Riddle, J ..., “Evaluation of the ability of physical therapists to palpate intrapelvic motion with the stork test on the support side.”, Journal of American Physical t

...985 by&nbsp;Dr John W. House and Dr Derald E. Brackmann, otolaryngologists in Los Angeles.<ref name="p1">House JW, Brackmann DE (1985). "Facial nerve gra The scale is used to determine the severity of facial nerve dysfunction in people with [[Facial Palsy|facial palsy]].

The McCarthy Test is a clinical test used in the diagnosis of a hip labral tear. The shearing force-producing painful po ...um and the labrum. In normal hip joint biomechanics, the labrum is crucial in retaining a layer of pressurised intra-articular fluid for joint lubricatio

...But partial knee replacement is only an option for people with knee damage in just one place, either lateral, medial or the patella<ref name=":0">Health Partial Knee Replacement is also used for used in individuals with joint disease resulting from [[Rheumatoid Arthritis|Rheuma

...Diagnosis, and Treatment, Clin Sports Med. 2010 Apr;29(2):313-23 Levels of evidence : A</ref> ...f the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 2010; 18: 546-556 Levels of evidence: A</ref> Further studies showed that the injury occurred more frequently w

...ley M, Proper S (2006). Correlation between Bankart and Hill-Sachs lesions in anterior shoulder dislocation. ANZ J Surg 76 (6): 436–8.</ref> ...of the bony glenoid fractures or breaks off. May lead to notable bone loss in the glenoid, a cause chronic instability.<ref>Facty Health [https://facty.c

...herapist assistant wanting to practice in Oklahoma must apply to the Board in writing.&nbsp; The form is prescribed by the Board and will request infomra '''Physical Therapists Licensed in another state'''

...nts with degenerative lumbar conditions. Phys Ther. 2005 Feb;85(2):120-33. Evidence level: 2a grade of recommendation: B</ref> ...connection between the lower extremity and the trunk, and typically works in a closed kinematic chain<ref>Hip Anatomy. (2017, June 6). ''Physiopedia,''

...ee movements combined result in a clinical pain provocation test to assist in diagnosis of pathologies at the hip, lumbar and sacroiliac region. <ref nam ...connection between the lower extremity and the trunk, and typically works in a closed kinematic chain.<ref>Hip Anatomy. (2017, June 6). ''Physiopedia,'

...ls presenting with acute-onset dizziness, [[vertigo]], [[nystagmus]], head motion intolerance, and nausea/vomiting, also known as acute vestibular syndrome ( ...s://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4593511/ HINTS to diagnose stroke in the acute vestibular syndrome: three-step bedside oculomotor examination mo

...osition Stand. American College of Sports Medicine 2009: 687-708 (level of evidence = 1A)</ref><br> ...gth enhancement manifests itself through enhanced neural function, changes in muscle architecture, increased muscle CSA&nbsp;and possible adaptations to

...ments in addressing movement system impairments.  While the use of 2D slow-motion video can facilitate this process, this technique is under-utilised.<ref na ...sed motion analysis use among sports physical therapists. Physical Therapy in Sport. 2021;50:159–65.</ref>

...rsiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ..., S., HAMMONDS, N., ‘Conservative treatment of a tibialis posterior strain in a novice triathlete: a case report’, The Journal of the Canadian Chiropra

...rris DM, Aquatic Rehabilitation for the Treatment of Neurologic Disorders .In: Cole AJ and Becker BE. Comprehensive Aquatic Therapy. 2nd edition. Philade Hydrotherapy is indicated in children with cererbal palsy. The main benefits of aquatic therapy are:&nbs

...ation: Fundamentals for the Evidence-Based Clinician. Buckner: Evidence in Motion; 2008.</ref><br> == Evidence ==

...f the spine with a [[Cobb's angle]] greater than 10 degrees, when measured in the coronal plane<ref>Choudhry MN, Ahmad Z, Verma R. [http://dx.doi.org/10. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is most common in those 11-18 years old<ref name=":0">Konieczny MR, Senyurt H, Krauspe R. [ht

...tures]] are common in the general population with relative propensity seen in contact-sport athletes (For example, boxers, football players) and manual l * Is a break in one of the five metacarpal bones of either hand.

...do not edit unless you are involved in this project, but please come back in the near future to check out new information!!</div> <div class="editorbox" ...sting. Phys Ther. 2008;88:43-49.</ref><ref name="p9">Huijbregts PA. Spinal motion palpatation: A review of reliability studies. Journal of Manual &amp; Manip

...ately by the [[Vestibular System|vestibular system]].  When the head is in motion or while walking on the streets, we are able to see the surrounding clearly ...VOR generates eye movements that enable clear vision while the head is in motion. The VCR acts on the neck musculature to stabilize the head. The VSR genera

...d the Modified Tardieu Scale are used clinically to measure [[spasticity]] in patients with neurological conditions. ...Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) in the assessment of wrist flexor spasticity in patients with stroke: protocol for a neurophysiological study. BMJ open. 20

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]. This windlass mechanism is a mechanical model that describes the manner in which plantar fascia supports the foot during weight-bearing activities and

...can be used to assess '''sacroiliac joint''' dysfunction. It is best used in combination with other specific tests. A synonym is the Vorlauf test. ...f the Sacroiliac Joint. Physical Therapy. 1985; 65: 1671-1675fckLRLevel of evidence: C</ref>

...atients through various stages. There is no specialised training available in this approach. ...e several methods on rehabilitation of stroke patients however very little evidence is present.<ref>Ottosson A. Signe Brunnström’s Influence on US Physical

...used for detecting persons with unilateral peripheral vestibular deficits in 1988<ref>Halmagyi GM, Curthoys IS. A clinical sign of canal paresis. Arch N ...s on the target<ref>Kuo CH, Pang L, Chang R. Vertigo - part 1 - assessment in general practice. Aust Fam Physician. 2008;37(5):341-7</ref>.

...ints, and soft tissues to move through an unrestricted, pain-free range of motion. It involves the capacity of these structures to stretch, lengthen, and con ...luding genetics, age, activity levels, and previous injuries. The range of motion will be influenced by the mobility of the soft tissues that surround the jo

...nd [[User:Krista Dayton|Krista Dayton]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]] Pain and symptoms localized in or around elbow. May present with neurological symptoms local or distant to

...ith diagnosing different types of WADs. It is also used to help clinicians in making treatment decisions for a certain severity of WAD. <ref name=":1" /> In 1995, upon development of the Classification model, the Quebec task force e

...10).<ref>Feipel V, Salvia P, Klein H, Rooze M. Head repositioning accuracy in patients with whiplash-associated disorders. Spine 2006;31:E51e8</ref> ...of cervical joint position error to balance and eye movement disturbances in persistent whiplash. Manual therapy, 11(2), 99-106</ref>

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...oint]. British journal of sports medicine.1998; ''32''(1): 73-74. Level of evidence: 5</ref>

...pace that lead to pain and inflammation which in tern leads to difficulty in performing daily living activities.<ref name=":1">Cheung EV, Adams R, Morre ...300px]]The elbow joint is a synovial hinge joint. Three bones are involved in the articulation of the joint: the distal end of the humerus and proximal e

...ormed by the femoral head and the acetabulum of the pelvis. It is involved in flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation, a '''Step 1.''' Patient is in supine position.

...y. [[Aquatherapy|Hydrotherapy]] is the delivery of physiotherapy treatment in an aquatic environment, utilizing the properties of water (density, buoyanc .../www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8047560 Comparison of the effects of exercise in water and on land on the rehabilitation of patients with intra-articular an

...ute tears frequently result from sports injuries where there is a twisting motion on the partially flexed, weight-bearing knee.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirec ...0.X1000-2</nowiki>.</ref><ref>Waldman,S.D. Painful conditions of the knee, in Pain Management Vol 1., 2007. Saunders. DOI <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.10

...aring the Lachman test, the anterior drawer sign, and the pivot shift test in acute and chronic knee injuries]. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 1 ...fundamentals for the evidence-based clinician. United States: Evidence in Motion; 2008.</ref>Theoretically, the anterior translation if less than 6mm. If it

...ntralateral). It is most visible when the patient is standing and corrects in an unloaded position such as laying down. ...rect the shift with a manual procedure<ref>May, S., & Donelson, R. (2008). Evidence-informed management of chronic low back pain with the McKenzie method. ''Th

...ingle traumatic injury<ref>Devilbiss Z, Hess M, Ho GW. Myositis Ossificans in Sport: A Review. Current sports medicine reports. 2018 Sep 1;17(9):290-5.</ Post-traumatic MO occurs in about 20% of cases reported with large muscle hematoma associated with cont

...th the wide anatomic differences and the variety of mechanisms of injury. In children, ...e to the body, resulting in a higher center of gravity and fulcrum of neck motion

...Camargo PR. Scapular kinematics pre–and post–thoracic thrust manipulation in individuals with and without shoulder impingement symptoms: a randomized co '''Range of Motion ([https://physio-pedia.com/Range_of_Motion ROM]):'''

...plying a downward force to the arm whilst the patient tries to resist this motion. == Evidence ==

...eports of patient harm from OMT in the cervical region have typically been in the practice of cervical manipulation. ...r insufficiency in patients with neck pain: manual therapy decision-making in the presence of uncertainty. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 35(5):300-306.</ref>

...ing, inflammation, or restriction”. It describes hands-on techniques used in rehabilitation to treat various conditions, such as: * passive range of motion

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...ss of the functional integrity of a system which provides stability). Some motion is, of course, normal.

...;12(7):467. </ref> ''“Motion and posture analyses are effective tools used in diagnosis, therapy and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders”''.<ref na ...execution and identify [[Injury Prevention in Sport|injury]] risk factors in order to make the best decisions to reduce the patient’s recovery time an

*[[Template:EIM Fellow Project|Evidence in Motion Fellows Project]] *[[Template:QMU|Queen Margaret University Current and Emerging Roles in Physiotherapy Practice Project]]

...ncet. 2018 Jun 2;391(10136):2189-2190. </ref>. This approach is increasing in popularity<ref name=":2" />. ...ment|FAI]] is a common cause of [[Hip Pain & Mobility Deficits|hip pain]] in young people, and is caused by the of abnormal contact between [[Acetabulum

...ture-musculoskeletal-conditions-review.pdf</ref> However, physiotherapists in particular continue to utilise acupuncture as an adjunct treatment and have Used for facial pain, cervical spine and shoulder restricted range of motion, shoulder arthritis and arm/elbow pain.<ref name=":0" />

..., cervical spinal deformity and instability. Patients can be polysyndromic in their presentation, as well.<ref name=":0">Menger RP, Rayi A, Notarianni C. Image 1: [[X-Rays|X-ray]] showing fused cervical vertebrae as seen in Klippel–Feil syndrome

* [[Exercise and Activity in Pain Management|Analgesics]], ...recovery. This protocol emphasizes the importance of movement and exercise in the early stages of injury rehabilitation, along with the use of [[Pain Me

...rmance in female athletes: a randomized-controlled trial. Physical Therapy in sport. 2005 May 1;6(2):60-6.</ref> ...-019-09717-8 The critical role of development of the transversus abdominis in the prevention and treatment of low back pain]. HSS Journal®. 2019 Oct;15(

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...valence, Mechanisms, and Return to Sport After Isolated Popliteus Injuries in Athletes: A Systematic Review. Orthop J Sports Med 2022.10(2): 232596712110

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] Femoral [[Stress Fractures|stress fractures]] occur in two different regions namely:

A stick (of the right height, with a good ferrule and held in the hand on the opposite side of the worst affected hip or knee) can make a ...‘wear out your joints’ through activity is a dangerous myth, which results in many people becoming inappropriately disabled to the detriment of their gen

...on individuals suffer from MS in the USA alone and seems to be more common in individuals between 20-50 years of age. Women are also 3 times more likely ...rg&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed The effects of robot-assisted gait training in progressive multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled trial]. Multiple Sc

...keletal treatment targeting a specific area of the body could have effects in another, seemingly unrelated, part of the body<ref name="Wainner et al.">Wa *There is a growing body of evidence to support the treatment of [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Low_Back_Pain Low

...nd loss of motion. A contracted muscle will absorb force better and result in a less severe injury. ...nosis and management of quadriceps strains and contusions. Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 2010 Oct;3(1):26-31. Available: https://www.ncbi.

A series of hop tests are routinely used in the assessment for return to sports post-injury, be it an ankle sprain, [[S ...he heel of the landing leg. The goal is to have a less than 10% difference in hop distance between the injured limb and uninjured limb.

Thoracic [[radiculopathy]] refers to a compressed nerve root in the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic area]] of the spine. This is the least comm ...al., Physical &amp; Medical Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 2002 (evidence level 3B)</ref><br>

...ed efforts of occupational therapists, patients, and their families result in transformative outcomes—allowing individuals to regain lost abilities, ad ...369719/ Home‐and community‐based occupational therapy improves functioning in frail older people: A systematic review.] Journal of the American Geriatric

...t surgery—successes and obstacles to widespread adoption]. Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 2017 Jun;10:153-9. Available: https://www.ncbi.nl ...ilable:https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/treatment/artificial-disk-replacement-in-the-lumbar-spine/ (accessed 13.1.2024)</ref>

...rvous system.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> To date, MRT has been used in 28 countries including India, Australia, Germany, and the United Kingdom. ...eport.pdf Effect of Matrix rhythm therapy in B/L adductor muscle tightness in pediatric cerebral palsy: a case report]. J Palliat Care Med. 2018;9(1):1-3

...the vertebra directly above it. There are two facet joints in each spinal motion segment. ...h A. Winkelstein1. Spinal Facet Joint Biomechanics and Mechanotransduction in Normal, Injury and Degenerative Conditions. J Biomech Eng. 2011 July; 133(

...ocused on the contexts that the child will be actively playing and working in.<ref name=":0">Eskay, K. Cerebral Palsy General Assessment and Intervention ...t and bone deformity, functional loss and pain, and is the prime challenge in managing CP.<ref name=":2" /> A multi-factorial approach is used to combat

...lated rupture of the tendon of the subscapularis muscle. Clinical features in 16 cases]. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume 1991 73- ...cuff]], which provide stability and strength to the shoulder joint during motion. The other 3 muscles include The [[Supraspinatus]], The [[Infraspinatus]],

[[File:Knee braces.png|thumb|Knee braces can be used to offload the joint in acutely painful arthritis]]Joint protection is a self-management approach&n ...increasingly people are&nbsp;referred for intervention and advice earlier in the disease process<ref name="cj" />.

...666. </ref> The main goal of neck collars is to prevent or minimise motion in the cervical spine. * the head in a comfortable gravity aligned position,

...the head and allow the motility of the head and the most important muscles in this region are 1) M. Sternohyoideus 2) M. Omohyoideus 3) M. Sternothyroide ...stic tests (MRI, CT, myelogram) that show a herniated or degenerative disc in the cervical region

...nship Between Generalised Joint Hypermobility and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults: A Large, Cross-Sectional, Case Control Comparison.] Front Psychiatr The Hospital Del Mar criteria have been mainly used in paediatric populations. Screening and clinical rheumatological settings may

...ral in form in the lumbar region, and only slightly developed in the neck. In the neck they are often considered part of the nuchal ligament.<ref>Wikiped ...mulation of interspinous ligament produces low back pain and referred pain in the lower limbs.This renders the interspinous ligament as an attractive sou

...iate effect of cervico-thoracic mobilization on deep neck flexors strength in individuals with forward head posture: A randomized controlled trial. Journ ...nual therapy that is used in an effort to reduce pain and improve range of motion<ref>Di Fabio RP . Efficacy of manual therapy. Phys Ther.1992;72:853–864.<

The phalen’s test is a provocative test used in the diagnosis of [[Carpal Tunnel Syndrome|CTS]]. This occurs when the media * numbness in the fingers (specifically the thumb, forefinger and a part of the middle fi

...do not edit unless you are involved in this project, but please come back in the near future to check out new information!!</div></div> Lumbar instability is a pathology of the spine in which there is abnormal mobility or an abnormal joint between two or more c

...a working diagnosis and also serves as an educational tool for the patient in helping them to better understand their condition, and to avoid the specifi ...tension is placed on both the flexors and the extensors of the wrist. The motion of lifting&nbsp;an object, aggravates the tension on the primary affected m

Medial epicondylalgia is usually seen in those ages 35-55.<ref name=":0">Dutton M, Dutton's Orthopaedic Examination, ...ang JF, Roquelaure Y, Study Group on Repetitive Work. Medial epicondylitis in occupational settings: prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors. J

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]. ...1.</ref><ref name="p2">Clover J. Sports Medicine Essentials: Core concepts in athletic training & fitness instruction. Cengage Learning; 2015 Feb 27.</re

...tabular impingement surgery: are we moving too fast and too far beyond the evidence? Br J Sports Med. 2015;49(12):782-4. </ref> ...R, Wright VJ. A review of femoroacetabular impingement and hip arthroscopy in the athlete. Phys Sportsmed. 2014;42(1):75-87. doi: 10.3810/psm.2014.02.205

...has been developed by Deborah Riczo, a physiotherapist and leading expert in the field of pelvic girdle pain. She has been teaching this method to physi '''''In the PGM method, it is important to screen the innominate first.'''''

...cise that requires putting a body part in a certain position that'll serve in the lengthening and elongation of the muscle or muscle group and thus enhan # Improves performance in physical activities as a result of improved flexibility

...Bieniek ML, Keirns M, Whitman JM. Some Factors Predict Short-Term Outcomes in Individuals with Shoulder Pain Receiving Cervicothoracic Manipulation: A Si == Evidence ==

...Most whiplash associated disorders are minor soft tissue injuries lacking evidence for fractures.<ref>Bragg KJ, Varacallo M. Cervical Sprain. Available from: ...I: Patient exhibits musculoskeletal signs which include decreased range of motion and point tenderness.

...crease in symptoms will begin to be evident. Use of the affected extremity in daily tasks is encouraged throughout rehabilitation to inhibit muscle guard ...affected the person suffering becomes inactive and hence disuse comes up. In order to prevent that and regain normal range of movement and flexibility t

...scular and Genetic Disorders|Congenital]] torticollis (CMT) is a condition in infants commonly diagnosed at or soon after birth. The term torticollis is * Torticollis in infants is most commonly caused by CMT<ref>Amaral DM, Cadilha RP, Rocha JA,

...[Plica Syndrome|patellar plica]]. <ref>Hattam P, Smeatham A. Special Tests in Musculoskeletal Examination. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2010.</ref>< ...t is considered the most problematic causing up to 40° and 80° impingement in knee flexion. <ref name=":0">Abrahams, S., Kern, J.H., 2001. Anterior knee

...arfoush M, Padua L, Coppola G, Sandrini G, Serrao M. Upper body kinematics in patients with cerebellar ataxia. The Cerebellum. 2014 Dec;13:689-97.</ref>. ...ethod for directional instability and loss of balance. It can be summed up in 5 steps:

...om [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University's Evidence Based Practice Project]] ...acture is a benign, progressive disease of the palmar fascia which results in shortening, thickening, and fibrosis of the fascia and aponeurosis of the p

Born and raised in Oklahoma&nbsp; Works in a factory&nbsp;

...Examination of the scaphoid; Journal of Hand Surgery, volume: 13A, 657-60. evidence level: F ...hift in the Uninjured Wrist; Journal of Hand Surgery, volume: 19A, 604-606 evidence level: C</ref><br>

...prediction rules]] (CPRs) are a set of criteria that a patient should meet in order to be placed into a specific treatment group.   ...oping rehabilitation programs for patients unspecified with low back pain. In this type of system, patients are categorized according to general presenta

...the [[Lumbar Anatomy|lumbar spine]] this approach is now well established. In the management of non-specific [[Back Education Program|low back pain]] the ...name=":1" />.Changes in the alignment of the lumbar spine have been noted in subjects with flexion-related lumbar pain<ref name=":1" />.

...orthoses]] (AFOs). They are designed for patients with extensive weakness in the lower limbs. The purpose of these complex orthoses are to: Two types of complex orthoses will be discussed in this page: the knee-ankle-foot orthosis (KAFO) and the hip-knee-ankle-foot

.../onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ccr3.4637 Developmental outcomes in a child with corpus callosum abnormalities and congenital heart disease aft ...mprove motor developmental delay caused by central nervous system disorder in children aged three months and above. <ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6">Cueva

...sory and motor assessment, with the most recent revised edition published in 2011. The impairment scale involves both a motor and sensory examination to ...nsation and motor function as tested with the ISNCSCI are graded as normal in all segments, and the patient had prior deficits, then the AIS grade is E.

...towards the appropriate training programs. The LESS is also used to assist in deciding return to sport for patients that have undergone anterior cruciate ** 2 cameras at 1 meter height (At 10 feet in front of the landing area and at 10 feet to the right of the landing area)

...articles/PMC7750824/ The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Concept in Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.] Journal of Chiro ...activity or participation.<ref name=":0">Adler SS, Beckers D, Buck M. PNF in practice : an illustrated guide. Heidelberg: Springer Medizin Verlag; 2014.

...k J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7082248/ Cerebral palsy in children: a clinical overview]. Transl Pediatr. 2020 Feb;9(Suppl 1):S125-S1 ...67/4/4/30 Overview of four functional classification systems commonly used in cerebral palsy]. Children (Basel). 2017 Apr 24;4(4):30. </ref>

...of types of orthotic and prosthetic options are available, there is little evidence supporting one over the other, making achieving desired outcomes challengin .... The tibialis anterior tendon had become increasingly tight and prominent in the absence of resistance from extensor and lateral muscle groups resected

...53846456305189</nowiki></ref> Physiotherapists, therefore, play a key role in the management of these patients. ...peripheral symptoms, it may not be clear if their pain is due to pathology in the lumbar spine or not. It is, therefore, essential that physiotherapists

...|pelvis]], increased flexion of the hips, and a compensatory hyperlordosis in the lumbar spine. ...sversus associated with either increased or decreased superficial activity in the obliques and rectus.<ref name="Ishida" />

...Arthrosc Rehabil Technol. 2015;2(1):27–30.</ref> The rotator cuff muscles, in their role as [[Dynamic Stabilisers of the Shoulder Complex|dynamic stabili ...ator cuff]] provides active stability through a full range of [[shoulder]] motion, including flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and internal/external ro

...eta‐analysis. Eur J Pain. 2020; 24(9): 1687-702.</ref> The headache begins in the neck or occipital region and can refer to the face and head. The specif ...h CGH, it is important to be able to clearly identify the symptomatic area in the upper cervical spine. Areas to assess are the:<ref name=":0">Kaplan A.

...Injuries of the Hand|distal extensor tendon ruptures]]. Either one results in an inability to extend the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. * Results in the inability to extend the distal phalanx

...ia Appelmans|Tania Appelmans]] as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project]] ...Clinical orthopaedics and related research. 1981 Jul 1;158:59-69. Level of evidence: 1A</ref>^&nbsp;That process can lead to pain, loose body formati

...particularly evident with overhead and cross-body activities. It is common in middle-aged individuals due to degeneration to the fibrocartilaginous disc ...e patients are asymptomatic, and they may present as an incidental finding in shoulder [[X-Rays|X-Ray]] or [[MRI Scans|MRI.]] <ref name=":1">Chaudhury S,

...stural assessment as part of the screening process is relevant as there is evidence of correlations between injury and posture.<ref name=":1" /> Abnormal [[Pos ...Pelvic Tilt|pelvic tilt]]. This alters the position of the spine resulting in a [[Low Back Pain Related to Hyperlordosis|hyperlordosis]], which then shut

...sshatched [[collagen]] fibres that cover the [[Back Muscles|back muscles]] in the lower [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] and lumbar area before passing thro ...e that surrounds the lower portion of the torso, playing an important role in [[posture]], load transfer and [[Muscles of Respiration|respiration]]. <ref

== Gait Deviations in Children with Cerebral Palsy == ...f>Wren TA, Rethlefsen S, Kay RM. Prevalence of specific gait abnormalities in children with cerebral palsy: influence of cerebral palsy subtype, age, and

...Hillin]], [[User:Rick Wetherald|Rick Wetherald]]&nbsp;as part of the Texas Evidence Based Practice Project. ....1.2023)</ref> It usually results in shoulder pain with decreased range of motion. Diagnosis is made by shoulder x-rays, with visible signs of calcium deposi

...ge]] for further information, or proceed to Step 2 below to understand the evidence.<br> There is low quality evidence available. Definitive recommendations cannot be made from this research.

...T. Fractures of the Calcaneus. In: Saxena, A. (eds) International Advances in Foot and Ankle Surgery, London:Springer. 2012. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10. ...Physiol Ther. 2009;32(1):41-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2008.09.014. (level of evidence 1A)</ref>

* Muscle tension in the [[Chronic Neck Pain|neck]] and shoulders * Discomfort in the [[Thoracic Anatomy|mid back]]

...vibration can have a summative effect, with other pain control strategies, in reducing behavioral and physiological pain responses.<ref>Butler D, Moseley In vibration therapy, the stimulation of muscle spindles and alpha-motor neuro

...of onset is 50 years<ref name="Mulier et. al" />, with rare cases reported in children<ref name="Stanford">Stanford University. Proliferative Myositis. A ...auser ''et. al'' in 2008, approximately 100 cases of PM had been published in the literature<ref name="Fauser et. al" />.&nbsp; According to Jassar and K

Once any signs of [[Red Flags in Spinal Conditions|potentially serious disease]] are excluded, the physiothe ...pulative Therapy. 2008 Oct 1;16(4):217-24.</ref>. One reason the outcomes in the literature may be less than impressive is that many of the studies look

* '''Mobilizing exercises''' to increase or maintain range of motion. ...g VT, Mowinckel P, Norli ES, Kjeken I. Effect of home-based hand exercises in women with hand osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Annals of th

* In evaluating and treating these fractures positioning the patient with thumb * The articulation is saddle-shaped&nbsp;which allows greater motion. <ref name=":0">C. Brownlie. Bennett Fracture Dislocation: Review and Manag

...n provocation test which stresses the [[Sacroiliac Joint|SIJ]] structures, in particular, the posterior SIJ ligament, to attempt to replicate patient’s ...nt causes forward pressure on the sacrum. An increased feeling of pressure in the sacroiliac joints indicates a possible sacroiliac lesion and /or a spra

...nals worldwide. A page on Physiopedia should be informative, based on best-evidence practice, and contain links to relevant media resources. ...onjunctions (and/but/for). Try not to use ACRONYMS alone as titles, except in parentheses. Example: [[Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)|Anterior Cruciate

...f distal radius fractures: a detailed survey on a large sample of patients in a suburban area]. J Orthop Traumatol. 2022 Aug 30;23(1):43. </ref> ...volar lock in plate screws. It was developed by Australian hand therapists in conjunction with orthopaedic surgeons.<ref name=":0">Thorn, K. Introduction

...igament injuries, the ulnar fovea sign was 95% sensitive and 87% specific. In detecting longitudinal split tears of the ulnotriquetral ligament, the ulna ...tile in a symptomatic patient who has no other clear evidence of pathology in the wrist and who continues to suffer pain despite affective nonsurgical in

...range of shoulder disorders, is commonly advocated to address dysfunctions in mobility, posture, muscle activation, proprioception and strength and is su == The Evidence ==

...ndation study (2010). [https://www.kff.org/other/event/generation-m2-media-in-the-lives-of/ www.kff.org/entmedia/upload/8010.pdf] (Accessed 20 June 2012) ...09;21:107–113</ref>The level of game from simple to difficult is reflected in advancing game levels and the complexity of movements required can also be

...g the [[pelvis]], [[sternum]], [[scapula]], or [[cartilage]] of long bones in the extremities. ...be either slow-growing and form spontaneously, or due to malignant changes in a preexisting (secondary) bone tumour.<ref name="p1" /><ref name=":0">Radio

...rsiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] Any joint in the [[Ankle and Foot|ankle]], [[Foot Anatomy|foot]] and toes can be affecte

..., surgeons use materials such wires, cords, and plates to hold the sternum in place. To promote normal healing and prevent sternal complications, patient === Supporting Evidence ===

...Triceps]] tendon injuries are an uncommon clinical entity poorly described in the literature. Management of triceps [[Tendinopathy|tendinopathies]] depen ...eficits on examination, surgery should be considered. Based on the current evidence, there are no clear guidelines for “best” surgical approach.<ref name="

...rsiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...g and internal/external rotation) outside the initial plane of the scapula in order to follow the changing shape of the thorax as arm movement occurs.

...entralisation is highly specific to discogenic pain and positive SIJ tests in these patients should be ignored.<ref name="laslett 2006" /> ...thritis]], sciatica, or other forms of [[Rheumatoid Arthritis|rheumatism]] in SIJ.

...ects of manipulations to the cervicothoracic junction on clinical outcomes in patients with [[Rotator Cuff|rotator cuff]] pathology. ...houlder impingement and/or rotator cuff pathology. The quality of evidence in this area is limited and further research is warranted to determine the ext

...nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2941578/ Posterior knee pain.] Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 2010 Oct 1;3(1-4):3-10.</ref> ...astrocnemius]] and the hamstring complex are two sets of muscles important in posterior knee anatomy. The hamstring muscle group consists of the medially

...interaction between the scapula and the humerus, first published by Codman in the 1930s. <ref name="p4">Codman EA: The Shoulder,Boston: G.Miller &amp Com ...ref name="Cathcart">Cathcart CW: Movements of the shoulder girdle involved in those of the arm on the trunk. J Anat Physiol 1884; 18:209-218.</ref>

...t Williams and Wilkins Health. Page 26.</ref> After three weeks of matched evidence-based intervention, Ms.&nbsp;X demonstrated a clear positive response with ...ost of the therapists and patients/households in the outpatient department in question.

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] MDT was introduced in 1981 by '''Robin McKenzie''' (1931–2013), a physical therapist from New Z

...https://escholarship.org/content/qt69r5p7g6/qt69r5p7g6.pdf?t=mprzjp Images in Emergency Medicine: Subtalar Dislocation]. Western Journal of Emergency Med ...ocations, and are known as acquired club foot, it happens when the foot is in plantarflexion and the lateral collateral ligaments are under stress when t

...py practice including diagnosis, assessment and interventions for hip pain in adults. ...t between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the pelvis. It moves in 3 different axes led by [[Functional Anatomy of the Hip-Muscles and Fascia|

...includes: falling from a height, forceful plantar flexion of the ankle (as in jumping with an extended knee), or using the foot to break a fall if you st ...ysiotherapists will continue to see them for post-operative rehabilitation in their clinics.

...iu KC. [https://sci-hub.se/10.1093/ptj/pzz097 Current low-cost video-based motion analysis options for clinical rehabilitation: a systematic review]. Physica ...to improve objectivity and reduce bias and subjectivity that are inherent in human observation”.<ref>Hendricks S, Till K, Den Hollander S, Savage TN,

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a heterogeneous, non-progressive neuromotor disorder in an immature brain that affects movement and posture.<ref name=":2">Peterson ...0.3389/fneur.2021.738921/full Cerebral palsy: new developments]. Frontiers in Neurology. 2021;12.</ref>

...irect.com/science/article/pii/S0020138310007552 Acute knee dislocation: An evidence based approach to the management of the multiligament injured knee]. Injury ...formation the anatomy and kinematics of the knee. This background will aid in understanding knee dislocations better.

...or an applicant who has not previously held an interim or temporary permit in Washington or another state, may be eligible for an interim permit upon sub (2) Evidence of having obtained a physical therapy degree from a board approved school;

...="p2">Russek LN. Hypermobility Syndrome. Physical therapy . 1999 (Level of Evidence: 2C)</ref>The primary symptom is excessive laxity of multiple joints. <ref ...s Erythematosus]], and [[Marfan Syndrome]].<ref name="p3" /> HMS may occur in chromosomal and genetic disorders such as Down syndrome and metabolic disor

...vances. It is used to supplement or facilitate rehabilitation by assisting in the repetitive labor-intensive manual therapy that is normally administered ...Posteraro F, et al. Recovery of hand function with robot-assisted therapy in acute stroke patients: a randomized-controlled trial. Int J Rehabil Res [In

...[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11688591/ Examining diagnostic tests: an evidence - based perspective.] Phys Ther 2001; 81(9):1546-1564.</ref> == Diagnosis in Physical Therapy Practice ==

...6/ General practitioners miss disability and anxiety as well as depression in their patients with osteoarthritis]. Br J Gen Pract. 2000 Aug 1;50(457):645 ...19)</ref>. Primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis is more common in women and in patients over the age of 60<ref name=":1" />.

*Most people with non-specific neck pain experience a large decrease in pain and disability during the first 6-7 weeks after first noticing the pai **Average decrease in pain intensity: from 62/100 at the start to 34/100 after 6-7 weeks

...nd [[User:Sherin Mathew|Sherin Mathew]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]] ...of all major joint dislocations being the most regularly dislocated joint in the body.

...op&needAccess=true isk and associated factors for hemiplegic shoulder pain in people with stroke: A systematic literature review. Physical Therapy Review For more in-depth reading on the anatomy, clinical characteristics and presentation of

...do not edit unless you are involved in this project, but please come back in the near future to check out new information!!</div><div class="editorbox"> ..., MacAuley D. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14754753 The use of ice in the treatment of acute soft-tissue injury: a systematic review of randomize

...iew/3757/3533 Muscle Energy Technique for Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction--An Evidence Based Practice.] Indian Journal of Physiotherapy & Occupational Therapy. 20 == Evidence for Muscle Energy Technique in the Management of Pelvic Girdle Dysfunction ==

...ar]] motion. This muscle is able to pull the inferior angle of the scapula in various directions, producing movements on the [[Glenohumeral Joint|shoulde ...terior view|right|frameless|500x500px|Latissimus dorsi muscle (highlighted in green) - posterior view]]

...omy]]A craniotomy is an operation where a part of the [[skull]] is removed in order to perform surgery on the [[Brain Anatomy|brain]]<ref>Brain & Spine F A craniotomy may be used in the treatment and/ or diagnosis of a number of conditions including<ref>Joh

...ique in which the therapist does all the work, MET is an active technique in which the patient is also an active participant. MET is based on the concep ...rioceptors located in and around the joints and muscles respond to changes in muscle tension and length, which helps manage muscular control and coordina

...le-Joint Exercises. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine. 2002;1(4):200.</ref> In a closed kinetic chain, this part is stabilised. Both types of kinetic chai ...superior ability to isolate specific muscles. This feature proves valuable in targeted muscle rehabilitation and training for sports that rely on open ch

...nal assessment can be done including both upper-limb, lower-limb and trunk in order to evaluate the patient potential to carry out activities such as tra === Active Range of Motion (AROM) ===

...nee pain or tenderness, locking of the knee, or limitation of the range of motion during knee flexion. <ref name=":0">1. ...ery for hypermobile lateral meniscus in adults: Restriction of paradoxical motion. J Orthop Sci [Internet]. 2018;23(6):1000–4. Available from: <nowiki>http

...toe walking: A systematic review]. Gait Posture. 2019 Jan;67:181-6. </ref> In children aged two or under, toe walking is generally considered a normal ga ...aniz53y71u1s.cloudfront.net/documents/idiopathic-toe-walking-pdf-new-9.pdf Evidence-based Clinical Care Guideline for Management of Idiopathic Toe Walking]. Ci

...an increase in resting energy expenditure and metabolic demand, a decrease in the [[Strength Training versus Power Training|strength]] and power output t ...of muscle proteins into the interstitial space, and circulation and a rise in muscle temperature.<ref>Fatouros IG, Jamurtas AZ. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih

...Davis; 2016 Nov 18.</ref><ref name=":4">Reese NB, Bandy WD. Joint Range of Motion and Muscle Length Testing-E-book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016 Mar 31.</r ...nd the length range of active force exertion—a narrative review. Frontiers in Physiology. 2021:1677.</ref>

...son has a pes planus or an over-pronated foot, which can cause compression in the sinus tarsi. Some characteristics are pain at the anterior lateral side ...instability of the subtalar joint due to ligamentous injuries that results in a synovitis and infiltration of fibrotic tissue into the sinus tarsi space.

...ntio. SIGN 108, A National Clinical Guideline, Edinburgh, UK, 2008.</ref>. In addition to widely applicable pharmacological treatment for acute stroke, e ...The role of long-term physical activity in patients who have had a stroke in the prevention of further stroke is less clear.&nbsp;

* It causes an increase in neuronal activity, cognitive function, and synaptic plasticity. <ref name=" * It improves the physical performance of healthy athletes in terms of muscle strength, agility, flexibility, and vertical jump height. <

...axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humeral artery. Fibrous bands in this space are commonly thought to be the cause of compression. One study s ...der is most often affected, and the syndrome is reported to be most common in active people age 20-40.<ref name=":0" /> QSS can be caused by anything tha

...nct muscles and their tendons, which provide strength and stability during motion to the shoulder complex. They are also referred to as the SITS muscle, with ...e is a bursa which covers and protects the muscle and tendons, as they are in close contact to the surrounding bones.

...wards. In an attempt to compensate for this effect, the individual engages in a lateral tilt of the trunk away from the affected hip. Consequently, the c ...in total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty, 1996; 11 (2): 174-179 Level of evidence: 1b</ref> '''The superior gluteal nerve''' arises from contributions from

...rcises: [[Plank exercise|plank]]; [[Abdominal Muscles|abdominal]] drawing in maneuver (Figure 2). [[File:Drawin.jpg|alt=|right|frameless|492x492px]]The * In order to protect the back, ideally we want to create 360 degrees of stiffne

...of the leading causes of shoulder pain. It can lead to lost workdays and, in some cases, even disability. ...ion more effective in chronic subacromial bursitis?." Medicine and science in sports and exercise 45.12 (2013): 2205-2213.</ref> This shows that bursae d

...mputer hardware and software to present users with opportunities to engage in environments that appear and feel similar to real-world objects and events� ...Brief Review of the Development of Telerehabilitation and its Application in Patients of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 48(2)-

...that is caused by the rapid division of chondroblast cells which are found in the epiphysis of long bones. They have been described as calcified chondrom ...and ribs. It can also occur in the patella, tarsal bones, and occasionally in craniofacial bones.

...006 Feb;26(4):320-4. Epub 2005 Jun 29</ref>.(Level of evidence 5, Level of evidence 1B) <br> ...ry, 2014. (level of evidence 4)</ref>&nbsp;(Level of evidence 2B, Level of evidence 4)<br>

...nd [[User:Yuliya Bugera|Yuliya Bugera]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project|Temple University EBP Project]] '''Top Contributors' ...gers. It is associated with pain, reduced grip strength, loss of range of motion (ROM), and joint stiffness leading to impaired hand function and difficulty

...injury<ref name=":0" /> are some factors that impact recovery and outcomes in rehabilitation post-ankle injury. According to Lin et al.,<ref name=":2">Li ...plications outside the ankle joint. It can affect an individual's range of motion, balance, movement pattern, proprioception, and muscle strength.<ref name="

...elibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01417.x Current trends in stroke rehabilitation. A review with focus on brain plasticity]. Acta Neuro ...anding from first-and third-person perspectives: an fMRI study]. Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience. 2018 Nov 22;12:283.</ref>. This helps the planning

There are two sets in each finger (except in the thumb, which has only one joint) ...ome minor differences in how the palmar plates are attached proximally and in the segmentation of the flexor tendon sheath, but the major differences are

* be as specific as possible in your assessment and treatment ...e following: avoiding specific postures, reduced / painful active range of motion, sensitivity on neurological testing. Common treatments are manual therapy,

...in this project and earn accreditation for your contributions, please get in touch!</div> <div class="editorbox"> ...radual stretching of the tendon as it heals. A heel wedge may also be used in patient's with fixed platar flexion deformity to increased base of support

...s://www.vox.com/2016/8/8/12404556/rio-olympics-2016-cupping-michael-phelps-evidence Michael Phelps using cups]]] ...gold medal winner, was seen with cupping marks in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in 2016<ref name=":0">Musumeci G. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/30

...ual of Sports Injuries: An Illustrated Guide to the Management of Injuries in Physical Activity]. Wiley Blackwell. 2012. p 1-24. </ref> A sprain is usua ...H, MacAuley D, Matheson G and Mæhlum S. (2012). Treating Sports Injuries. In Bahr R. (Ed). The IOC Manual of Sports Injuries. Wiley Blackwell 2012.p 25-

...4dXUy5MFRAuYo29TIkQugAkPzg Scar Management in Hand Therapy–is our Practice Evidence Based?.] The British Journal of Hand Therapy. 2005 Jun;10(2):40-6.</ref> ...n a cosmetic and emotional distress. They frequently develop in areas rich in blood supply like the ear lobe or the presternal area.

...keletal disorders, Medical Clinics of North America;Elsevier,2010.Level of evidence: 3A ...3B</ref><ref name=":6">Hurst J.W., Morris D.C., Williams B.R. “Chest Pain” in patients with costochondritis or Tietze's syndrome, Wiley-Blackwell, 2001,

...sis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders by identifying dysfunctions in movement patterns.<ref name=":0">Riebel M, Crowell M, Dolbeer J, Szymanek E ...ical movements patterns, as the root cause of a painful problem. This will in turn, help guide a treatment plan to restore pain-free movement and functio

...iteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]] ...t blow to the medial malleolus. Or, they present with years of involvement in athletics with a pronated foot.<ref name="William M. Geideman">Geideman WM,

...used such as computer simulations, measurements and mathematical modelling in various sports and exercises. ...ce of explaining how and why the human body moves in the way that it does. In sport and exercise, that definition is often extended to also consider the

...do not edit unless you are involved in this project, but please come back in the near future to check out new information!!</blockquote> ...tanding, at rest and in motion.<ref name=":2">Dutton M. Hip Joint Complex. In: Dutton, M editor. Dutton's orthopedic examination, evaluation, and interve

...raspinatus muscle activity during throwing motion and physical examination in baseball players with throwing disorder.] Isokinetics and Exercise Science In the scapula-spine distance test, the distance from the medial edge of the s

...rospective, open study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of hylan G-F 20 in knee osteoarthritis subjects presenting with pain following arthroscopic me ...lasticity of the synovial fluid can recover.<ref name="p1" /> This results in improved pain control, articular function and mobility.<ref name="p4" />

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