Headache

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Original Editor - Rachael Lowe

Top Contributors - Admin, Kapil Narale, Kim Jackson, Fasuba Ayobami, Jo Etherton, Vidya Acharya, Evan Thomas and WikiSysop  

Classification

The most recognised classification for headache is from the International Headache Society.  The International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) is an in-depth hierarchical classification of headaches containing explicit diagnostic criteria for headache disorders. They classify headaches into primary, secondary, cranial neuralgias and primary facial pain as outlined below:

Primary Headaches

• Migraine Headaches
• Tension-type headache
• Cluster Headaches
• Other primary headaches
  

Secondary Headaches

• Headache attributed to head and/or neck trauma - Cervicogenic Headaches
  • Acute post-traumatic headache
  • Chronic post-traumatic headache
  • Acute headache attributed to whiplash injury
  • Chronic headache attributed to whiplash injury
  • Headache attributed to traumatic intracranial haematoma
  • Headache attributed to other head and/or neck trauma
  • Post-craniotomy headache
• Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder
  • Headache attributed to ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack
  • Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage
  • Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation 
  • Headache attributed to arteritis
  • Carotid or vertebral artery pain
  • Headache attributed to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT)
  • Headache attributed to other intracranial vascular disorder
• Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder
• Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal
• Headache attributed to infection
• Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis
• Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cranial structures
• Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder
  

Cranial Neuralgias Central and Primary Facial Pain and Other Headaches

• Cranial neuralgias and central causes of facial pain
• Other headache, cranial neuralgia, central or primary facial pain
  

Resources 

The International Headache Classification (ICHD-2)

WHO Factsheet on Headache Disorders

Epidemiology and Impact of Headache and Migraine

Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)

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