Gluteus Maximus: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 15:49, 22 February 2016
Original Editor - Joanne Garvey
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Gluteus MaximusDescription[edit | edit source]
Anatomy[edit | edit source]
Origins and Insertions[1]
This powerful muscle has a superficial and deep origin.
Superficial Fibres: Arise from the iliac crest, the posterior superior iliac spine, the thoracolumbar fascia, the sacrum and coccyx.
Deep Fibres: Arise from the wing of the ilium (ala) behind the posterior gluteal line, from the sacrotuberous ligament and thoracolumbar fascia, and the fascia of the gluteus medius (Aponeurosis glutaea).
The proximal part of the muscle inserts into the iliotibial tract.
The distal part inserts into the gluteal tuberosity.
Innervation
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
Further detailed anatomical description can be found at Prohealth (Gray's Anatomy).
Origin[edit | edit source]
Insertion[edit | edit source]
Nerve supply[edit | edit source]
Function[edit | edit source]
Its primary role is to extend and laterally rotate the hip.
It also prevents excessive anterior rotation of the pelvis and assists with the stability of the sacro-iliac joint by providing force closure for this joint. Gluteus maximus is part of the posterior sling of muscles.
Due to its insertion sites, it is able to act as an abductor as well as an adductor of the hip joint. The part that inserts into the iliotibial tract abducts, while the fibres that insert into the gluteal tuberosity serve to adduct the hip.
Both glutei maximi may assist in the contraction of the external sphincter ani.
It is particularly active when climbing stairs, or when rising from sitting [2]
Recent research indicates that contraction of the deep abdominal muscles may assist with the contraction of gluteus maximus to assist with the control of anterior pelvic rotation.[3]
Gluteal muscle weakness has been proposed to be associated with a number of lower limb injuries. Recent research indicates that effective exercise to specifically target the gluteus maximus muscle includes the single leg squat and the singe leg prone dead lift. These exercises elicited the most significant activity in electromyography (EMG) when tested against other forms of exercise.[4]
Assessment[edit | edit source]
Palpation[edit | edit source]
Power[edit | edit source]
Length[edit | edit source]
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Resourses[edit | edit source]
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See also[edit | edit source]
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Kahle W; Color Atlas/Text of human Anatomy, Vol 1; Locomotor System; 4th rev edn; 1992; pg 232
- ↑ Norkin C; Levangie P; Joint Structure and Function: a comprehensive Analysis 2nd Ed; 1992; 320-321
- ↑ Kim TW, Kim YW.Effects of abdominal drawing-in during prone hip extension on the muscle activities of the hamstring, gluteus maximus, and lumbar erector spinae in subjects with lumbar hyperlordosis; J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Feb;27(2):383-6
- ↑ Distefano LJ, Blackburn JT, Marshall SW, Padua DAGluteal muscle activation during common therapeutic exercises; J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 Jul;39(7):532-40
