Flexor hallucis longus: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:FHL1.png|thumb|right|150px]] | [[Image:FHL1.png|thumb|right|150px]] | ||
Flexor hallucis longus is a powerful muscle located on the posterior aspect of the fibular below the deep fascia of the calf. In its own synovial sheath, the tendon passes downwards, deep to the flexor retinaculum, crossing the posterior ankle joint, lateral to [[Flexor digitorum longus|flexor digitorum longus]]. The tendon wraps around the lower end of the of the tibia, the back of the talus, and the inferior surface of the sustentaculum tali, where its passes through a fibrous, synovial-lined tunnel. | Flexor hallucis longus is a powerful muscle located on the posterior aspect of the fibular below the deep fascia of the calf. In its own synovial sheath, the tendon passes downwards, deep to the flexor retinaculum, crossing the posterior ankle joint, lateral to [[Flexor digitorum longus|flexor digitorum longus]]. The tendon wraps around the lower end of the of the tibia, the back of the talus, and the inferior surface of the sustentaculum tali, where its passes through a fibrous, synovial-lined tunnel.<ref name="pala">Palastanga N, Soames R. Anatomy and Human Movement: Structure and Function. 6th ed. London, United Kingdom: Churchill Livingstone; 2012.</ref> | ||
As the tendon enters into the sole of the foot it lies superficial to the spring ligament passing forward deep to the tendon of flexor digitorum longus. It then enters teh fibrous sheath of the great toe passing between the two seasmoid bones to insert at the base of the disatal phalanx.<ref name="pala" /> | |||
=== Origin === | === Origin === | ||
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=== Artery === | === Artery === | ||
Peroneal artery<ref name="salad">Saladin K. Anatomy &amp;amp;amp; physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2010.</ref> | Peroneal artery<ref name="salad">Saladin K. Anatomy &amp;amp;amp;amp; physiology: The Unity of Form and Function. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2010.</ref> | ||
== Function == | == Function == |
Revision as of 20:47, 11 January 2017
Original Editor - George Prudden
Top Contributors - George Prudden, Kim Jackson, Patti Cavaleri, 127.0.0.1, Evan Thomas and WikiSysop;
Description[edit | edit source]
Flexor hallucis longus is a powerful muscle located on the posterior aspect of the fibular below the deep fascia of the calf. In its own synovial sheath, the tendon passes downwards, deep to the flexor retinaculum, crossing the posterior ankle joint, lateral to flexor digitorum longus. The tendon wraps around the lower end of the of the tibia, the back of the talus, and the inferior surface of the sustentaculum tali, where its passes through a fibrous, synovial-lined tunnel.[1]
As the tendon enters into the sole of the foot it lies superficial to the spring ligament passing forward deep to the tendon of flexor digitorum longus. It then enters teh fibrous sheath of the great toe passing between the two seasmoid bones to insert at the base of the disatal phalanx.[1]
Origin[edit | edit source]
Lower two-thirds of posterior fibula.
Insertion[edit | edit source]
Plantar surface at the base of the first distal phalanx
Nerve[edit | edit source]
Branch of the tibial nerve (root S1 and S2).
Cutaneous supply from root S2.
Artery[edit | edit source]
Peroneal artery[2]
Function[edit | edit source]
Flexes the phalanx of the great toe as the foot is raised from the ground. Additionally stabilises the first metatarsal head and keeps distal pad of the great toe in contact with ground in toe-off and when on tip-toe.[2]
Clinical relevance[edit | edit source]
Assessment[edit | edit source]
Palpation[edit | edit source]
It is near impossible to locate the origin due to it's depth to the soleus muscle. The insertional tendon is also deep but can be identified as it passes alongside the sustentaculum tali.
Power[edit | edit source]
Length[edit | edit source]
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Strengthening[edit | edit source]
Stretching[edit | edit source]
Manual techniques[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
File:FDL4.JPG |
See also[edit | edit source]
- Flexor digitorum longus
- The Os Trigonum Syndrome
- Tarsal Tunnel syndrome
- Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction
- Ankle & Foot
- Compartment Syndrome of the Foot
- Ankle Impingement
- Hallux Valgus
- Ankle Joint
- Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV)