Deltoid: Difference between revisions

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The Deltoid muscle is a large triangular shaped muscle which lies over the glenohumeral joint and which gives the shoulder its rounded contour. It is named after the Greek letter delta, which is shaped like an equilateral triangle. It comprises 3 distinct portions each of which produces a different movement of the glenohumeral joint, commonly named the anterior, mid (or lateral) and posterior heads.  
The Deltoid muscle is a large triangular shaped muscle which lies over the glenohumeral joint and which gives the shoulder its rounded contour. It is named after the Greek letter delta, which is shaped like an equilateral triangle. It comprises 3 distinct portions each of which produces a different movement of the glenohumeral joint, commonly named the anterior, mid (or lateral) and posterior heads.  


== Origin ==
== Anatomy ==


=== Anterior fibres/head ===
=== Origin ===


Lateral third, anterior surface of the clavicle (close to the lateral fibres of pectoralis major).  [[Image:Deltoid muscle Wikipedia.png|border|right|250px]]
'''Anterior Fibres/Head'''


=== Mid/lateral head  ===
Lateral third, Anterior Surface of the Clavicle (close to the lateral fibres of pectoralis major).  [[Image:Deltoid muscle Wikipedia.png|border|right|250px]]


Acromion process, superior surface.
'''Mid/Lateral Head'''


=== Posterior head  ===
Acromion Process, Superior Surface.


Spine of the scapula, posterior border.
'''Posterior Head'''


== Insertion  ==
Spine of the Scapula, Posterior Border.
 
=== Insertion  ===


Fibres from all heads converge to insert into the deltoid tuberosity on the humerus.  
Fibres from all heads converge to insert into the deltoid tuberosity on the humerus.  
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The deltoid fascia is continuous with&nbsp;the brachial fascia and connects to the medial and lateral intermuscular septa<ref>Rispoli, Damian M.; Athwal, George S.; Sperling, John W.; Cofield, Robert H. (2009). "The anatomy of the deltoid insertion". J Shoulder Elbow Surg 18: 386–390</ref>.  
The deltoid fascia is continuous with&nbsp;the brachial fascia and connects to the medial and lateral intermuscular septa<ref>Rispoli, Damian M.; Athwal, George S.; Sperling, John W.; Cofield, Robert H. (2009). "The anatomy of the deltoid insertion". J Shoulder Elbow Surg 18: 386–390</ref>.  


== Nerve Supply  ==
=== Nerve Supply  ===


Axillary Nerve, C5 &amp; 6, posterior cord of the brachial plexus.  
Axillary Nerve, C5 &amp; 6, posterior cord of the brachial plexus.  


== Blood Supply  ==
=== Blood Supply  ===


Deltoid receives its blood supply from the&nbsp;posterior circumflex humeral artery.  
Deltoid receives its blood supply from the&nbsp;posterior circumflex humeral artery.  


== Action ==
== Function  ==
 
An important function of deltoid is the prevention of subluxation or even dislocation of the head of the humerus particularly when carrying a load.&nbsp;Deltoid is the prime mover of shoulder abduction.
 
=== Actions&nbsp;  ===
 
All heads of deltoid work together to produce abduction of the Shoulder Joint.&nbsp;In addition, each individual head produces the following:
 
'''Anterior Fibres'''
 
*<span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Flexes, abducts, medially rotates, and horizontally flexes the arm at the shoulder joint</span>
 
'''Posterior Fibres'''
 
*Extends, abducts, laterally rotates, and horizontally extends the arm at the shoulder joint
 
== Trigger Point Referal Patterns ==


All heads of deltoid work together to produce abduction of the shoulder joint.<br>
[[Image:Deltoid 1.jpg|left]] [[Image:Deltoid 2.jpg]]


In addition, the anterior fibres contribute to shoulder horizontal flexion, and internal rotation; the posterior fibres to horizontal extension, as well as external rotation.
== Techniques  ==


== Function ==
=== Palpation ===
 
Flex elbow to 90 degrees and have patient abduct the shoulder against resistance.<br>
 
'''Anterior Fibers'''
 
*Deltoid palpated with elbow extended, shoulder 90 degrees abduction and then resist horizontal adduction.
 
'''Posterior Fibers'''
 
*Position same as above and then resist horizontal abduction.
 
<br>


An important function of deltoid is the prevention of subluxation or even dislocation of the head of the humerus particularly when carrying a load.
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Deltoid is the prime mover of shoulder abduction.
<br>


== Resources  ==
== Resources  ==
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<references /> &nbsp;&nbsp;  
<references /> &nbsp;&nbsp;  
&lt;/div&gt;


[[Category:Anatomy]] [[Category:Shoulder]] [[Category:Muscles]] [[Category:Shoulder_Anatomy]]
[[Category:Anatomy]] [[Category:Shoulder]] [[Category:Muscles]] [[Category:Shoulder_Anatomy]]

Revision as of 19:30, 25 May 2015

Original Editor - Wendy Walker

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Description[edit | edit source]

The Deltoid muscle is a large triangular shaped muscle which lies over the glenohumeral joint and which gives the shoulder its rounded contour. It is named after the Greek letter delta, which is shaped like an equilateral triangle. It comprises 3 distinct portions each of which produces a different movement of the glenohumeral joint, commonly named the anterior, mid (or lateral) and posterior heads.

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

Origin[edit | edit source]

Anterior Fibres/Head

Lateral third, Anterior Surface of the Clavicle (close to the lateral fibres of pectoralis major).  

Deltoid muscle Wikipedia.png

Mid/Lateral Head

Acromion Process, Superior Surface.

Posterior Head

Spine of the Scapula, Posterior Border.

Insertion[edit | edit source]

Fibres from all heads converge to insert into the deltoid tuberosity on the humerus.

The deltoid fascia is continuous with the brachial fascia and connects to the medial and lateral intermuscular septa[1].

Nerve Supply[edit | edit source]

Axillary Nerve, C5 & 6, posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

Blood Supply[edit | edit source]

Deltoid receives its blood supply from the posterior circumflex humeral artery.

Function[edit | edit source]

An important function of deltoid is the prevention of subluxation or even dislocation of the head of the humerus particularly when carrying a load. Deltoid is the prime mover of shoulder abduction.

Actions [edit | edit source]

All heads of deltoid work together to produce abduction of the Shoulder Joint. In addition, each individual head produces the following:

Anterior Fibres

  • Flexes, abducts, medially rotates, and horizontally flexes the arm at the shoulder joint

Posterior Fibres

  • Extends, abducts, laterally rotates, and horizontally extends the arm at the shoulder joint

Trigger Point Referal Patterns[edit | edit source]

Deltoid 1.jpg

Deltoid 2.jpg

Techniques[edit | edit source]

Palpation[edit | edit source]

Flex elbow to 90 degrees and have patient abduct the shoulder against resistance.

Anterior Fibers

  • Deltoid palpated with elbow extended, shoulder 90 degrees abduction and then resist horizontal adduction.

Posterior Fibers

  • Position same as above and then resist horizontal abduction.


Resources[edit | edit source]

Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]

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References[edit | edit source]

References will automatically be added here, see adding references tutorial.

  1. ↑ Rispoli, Damian M.; Athwal, George S.; Sperling, John W.; Cofield, Robert H. (2009). "The anatomy of the deltoid insertion". J Shoulder Elbow Surg 18: 386–390

  

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