Vulvar Cancer: Difference between revisions
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== Histological Types == | == Histological Types == | ||
'''Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma''' (VSCC) | |||
Melanoma | Also referred to as vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia VIN, divided into; usual-type VIN or vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs), it is associated with HPV infection more common in young, and has a higher risk of progress to invasive SCC but it is slowly progrss, and tends to be multifocal. the second type is differentiated VIN (dVIN) it is not HPV dependant and with a higher recurrence rate, worse prognosis, and rapid progression to invasive VSCC. | ||
'''Melanoma''' | |||
Basal cell carcinoma, | Basal cell carcinoma, | ||
Revision as of 02:12, 25 June 2022
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Vulvar cancer is an uncommon malignancy and the fourth most common gynecologic cancer[1] that usually affects post-menopausal women, and it can be misdiagnosed and considered an inflammatory condition so it is important to be familiar with vulvar malignancies. It forms a mass or ulcer on the vulva and usually causes itching. The incidence of vulvar cancer is increasing in the last decades. The two main categories of vulvar cancer; HPV dependant vulavr cancer that is common in younger women, and independant HPV that is found in women after menopause[2].
Anatomy Background[edit | edit source]
The vulva refers to the outer part of the external female genitalia, it includes the entrance to the vagina and the internal reproductive tract in addition to the urethra opening. It forms from c labia majora (outer lips), labia minora (inner lips), and clitoris.
Vulval Warts are a growth of epithelium caused by HPV infection and usually transmitted between sexual partners but they don not develop to a cancer.
Incidence[edit | edit source]
The incidence of vulvar cancer has increased by an average of 4.6% every 5 years in the last decades, in 2018 there was about 1200 reported case of death because of vulvar cancer. Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma is the most common vulvar cancer and represents about 90% of all vulvar cancer and occurs in 2-7 of every 100,000 women, the second most is vulvar melanoma representing about 5%-10% of all vulvar malignancies[3].
Histological Types[edit | edit source]
Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC)
Also referred to as vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia VIN, divided into; usual-type VIN or vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs), it is associated with HPV infection more common in young, and has a higher risk of progress to invasive SCC but it is slowly progrss, and tends to be multifocal. the second type is differentiated VIN (dVIN) it is not HPV dependant and with a higher recurrence rate, worse prognosis, and rapid progression to invasive VSCC.
Melanoma
Basal cell carcinoma,
Risk factors[edit | edit source]
- Immunosuppression.
- Smoking.
- History of cervical cancer.
- Aging is considered a risk factor.
- HPV infection.
Clinical Presentataion[edit | edit source]
.
.
Staging of Vulvar Cancer[edit | edit source]
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Management[edit | edit source]
- numbered list
- x
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Olawaiye AB, Cuello MA, Rogers LJ. Cancer of the vulva: 2021 update. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2021 Oct;155:7-18.
- ↑ Alkatout I, Schubert M, Garbrecht N, Weigel MT, Jonat W, Mundhenke C, Günther V. Vulvar cancer: epidemiology, clinical presentation, and management options. International journal of women's health. 2015;7:305.
- ↑ Tan A, Bieber AK, Stein JA, Pomeranz MK. Diagnosis and management of vulvar cancer: A review. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2019 Dec 1;81(6):1387-96.
