Spinalis Cervicis: Difference between revisions

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== Description  ==
== Description  ==
[[File:Muscles of the cervical region intermediate muscles Primal.png|thumb|437x437px]]
The [[Spinalis]] [[muscle]] group are part of the the [[Erector Spinae|erector spinae]] (ES) group (the intermediate layer of the intrinsic [[Back Muscles|back muscles]]). Spinalis Cervicis  is the cervical portion of the spinalis muscle with [[Spinalis Capitis|spinalis capitis]] superiorly and spinalis thoracis inferiorly<ref name=":1">Radiopedia Erector Spinae Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/erector-spinae-group?lang=us (accessed 4.2.2022)</ref>.


Spinalis Cervicis belongs to the medial column of the Sacrospinalis group of muscles.<ref name="gray">Gray, Henry. Anatomy of the Human Body. Philadelphia: Lea &amp; Febiger, 1918; Bartleby.com, 2000. www.bartleby.com/107/.</ref>&nbsp;
The Spinalis Cervicis is variably present.<ref name=":1" />


<br>  
== Anatomy ==
'''Origin:''' Variable origin on the spinous processes of the [[axis]] and sometimes the 3rd and 4th [[Cervical Vertebrae|cervical spinous process.]]<ref name="wh" /> &nbsp;<ref name=":1" />&nbsp;


== Origin  ==
'''Insertion:''' Lower part of [[ligamentum nuchae]] (C4 to C6) and spinous process of [[Vertebra Prominens|C7]] to [[Thoracic Vertebrae|T2]].<ref name=":0">spinalis muscle | anatomy [Internet]. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2021 [cited 30 November 2021]. Available from: https://www.britannica.com/science/spinalis-muscle</ref><ref name="wh">Spinalis Cervicis : Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics [Internet]. Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics. 2021 [cited 30 November 2021]. Available from: https://www.wheelessonline.com/bones/spine/spinalis-cervicis/</ref> &nbsp;&nbsp;


Lower part of ligamentum nuchae (C4 to C6) and spinous process of C7 to T2.<ref name="ae">http://www.anatomyexpert.com/structure_detail/5219/</ref><ref name="wh">http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/spinalis_cervicis_1</ref> &nbsp;&nbsp;
'''Nerve Supply:''' Posterior rami of cervical and [[Thoracic Spinal Nerves|thoracic spinal nerves]] (C4 to T1). &nbsp;<ref name="wh" />&nbsp;


<br>
'''Blood Supply:''' Dorsal branches of the posterior intercostal arteries from the thoracic [[aorta]].&nbsp;
 
== Insertion  ==
 
Spinous processes of C2 and sometimes the 3rd and 4th cervical spinous process.<ref name="wh" /> &nbsp;&nbsp;
 
<br>
 
== Nerve Supply  ==
 
Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves (C4 to T1).<ref name="ae" /> &nbsp;&nbsp;
 
<br>
 
== Blood Supply ==
 
Dorsal branches of the posterior intercostal arteries from the thoracic aorta.<ref name="ae" />&nbsp;  
 
<br>


== Action  ==
== Action  ==
[[File:Neck exercises.jpg|thumb|Neck rotation and lateral flexion]]
Spinalis works synergistically with the other members of the erector spinae group.


Bilaterally they extend the spine; unilaterally they laterally flex and rotate the spine tp same side.<ref name="wh" />
Specifically
 
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== Function<br> ==
* Bilaterally extend the cervical spine.
* Unilaterally laterally flex and rotate the cervical spine to ipsilateral (same) side.<ref name="wh" />  


<br>
== Function  ==
 
Spinalis cervicis works with the other erector spinae muscles to produce extension, lateral flexion and rotation at the cervical spine level.  
== Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed])  ==
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== References  ==
== References  ==
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[[Category:Cervical_Anatomy]]
[[Category:Cervical Spine - Anatomy]]

Latest revision as of 06:55, 4 February 2022

Original Editor Oyemi Sillo

Lead Editors - Abbey Wright, Oyemi Sillo, Kim Jackson, 127.0.0.1, WikiSysop and Lucinda hampton  

Description[edit | edit source]

Muscles of the cervical region intermediate muscles Primal.png

The Spinalis muscle group are part of the the erector spinae (ES) group (the intermediate layer of the intrinsic back muscles). Spinalis Cervicis is the cervical portion of the spinalis muscle with spinalis capitis superiorly and spinalis thoracis inferiorly[1].

The Spinalis Cervicis is variably present.[1]

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

Origin: Variable origin on the spinous processes of the axis and sometimes the 3rd and 4th cervical spinous process.[2]  [1] 

Insertion: Lower part of ligamentum nuchae (C4 to C6) and spinous process of C7 to T2.[3][2]   

Nerve Supply: Posterior rami of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves (C4 to T1).  [2] 

Blood Supply: Dorsal branches of the posterior intercostal arteries from the thoracic aorta. 

Action[edit | edit source]

Neck rotation and lateral flexion

Spinalis works synergistically with the other members of the erector spinae group.

Specifically

  • Bilaterally extend the cervical spine.
  • Unilaterally laterally flex and rotate the cervical spine to ipsilateral (same) side.[2]

Function[edit | edit source]

Spinalis cervicis works with the other erector spinae muscles to produce extension, lateral flexion and rotation at the cervical spine level.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Radiopedia Erector Spinae Available:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/erector-spinae-group?lang=us (accessed 4.2.2022)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Spinalis Cervicis : Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics [Internet]. Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics. 2021 [cited 30 November 2021]. Available from: https://www.wheelessonline.com/bones/spine/spinalis-cervicis/
  3. ↑ spinalis muscle | anatomy [Internet]. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2021 [cited 30 November 2021]. Available from: https://www.britannica.com/science/spinalis-muscle
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