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...istinct in shape and function from vertebrae found in other regions of the vertebral column. ...ral arch which together with the posterior surface of the body enclose the vertebral foramen. The pedicles are notched on their superior and inferior surfaces,

...are fluid-filled cushions between vertebrae.<ref name=":0" /><br />'''The vertebral column can be divided into 5 regions:''' [[File:Vertebral Column (1).jpg|thumb|600x600px]]

...ted by a cough, sneeze, deep breath, movement of the trunk, palpation, and compression<ref>Hamberg J, Lindahl O. Angina pectoris symptoms caused by thoracic spine - Compression Fractures: Caucasian race, history of smoking, early menopause, thin body build, sede

...ed to a center column comprised of the posterior vertebral body, posterior vertebral disk and posterior longitudinal ligament.<ref>Denis F. [https://europepmc.o ...n spine journal. 2010 Mar;19(1):2-7.</ref> Obviously the classification of fractures is complicated and ongoing.

...er, have typical inferior demifacets for articulation with the second rib. Vertebral prominens name given to long prominent spinous process found at T1 * The intervertebral disc height, is, on average, the least of the vertebral regions.

Excessive motion of vertebral bodies in relation to one another is considered spinal instability (i.e. a ...anisms cause instability, it is important to understand the anatomy of the vertebral motion segment.

...he cervical spinal canal. This narrowing of the spinal canal may result in compression of the spinal cord and/or the nerve roots and affect the function of the sp ...ve changes in the cervical spine) but can also be the result of traumatic (fractures and instability) and inflammatory conditions or caused by herniated discs o

* The spine extends from the skull to the [[Coccyx Fractures|coccyx]] and includes the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]], thoracic, lumbar, ...nsible for the mobility without sacrificing the supportive strength of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs, along with the laminae, pedicles and arti

...able from:https://www.smn.scot.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Vertebral-fractures-in-children.pdf [Accessed 11/3/2023].  </ref> *Unique vertebral architecture

...h associated disorders are minor soft tissue injuries lacking evidence for fractures.<ref>Bragg KJ, Varacallo M. Cervical Sprain. Available from: <nowiki>https: ...stage three the neck is completely extended with a shearing force causing compression of facet joint capsules.

...d of three components: the annulus fibrosus, the nucleus pulposus, and the vertebral endplates. These three components allow for mobility, shock absorption, and ...nitiate delamination of the annulus and loss of proper distribution of the vertebral endplates.<ref name=":2">Nerurkar, N., Elliott, D., & Mauck, R. [https://do

# [[Lumbar Spine Fracture|Vertebral Fractures]] ...e suspected of having a CES. Most of these patients will not have critical compression of the cauda equina. However, in the absence of reliably predictive symptom

...ctures]] and vertebral collapse lead to a reduction in height, spinal cord compression, [[Radiculopathy|radicular]] pain or [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|kyphosis]].  7. [[Spinal cord anatomy|Spinal cord]] compression by vertebral fracture or plasmacytoma is a medical emergency and should be managed aggre

** Bone pain in the [[Vertebral Fractures in Children and Adolescents|vertebral]] column that worsens night: indicates high risk of spinal MBD and imminent * '''Awareness of symptoms that could indicate Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression (MSCC)''' -

...two facet joints (zygapophyseal joints), one at either side and a central vertebral disc joint.]] ...es) or L5 (32% of stress fractures). The remaining percentages account for fractures in multiple locations (Alway et al, 2019).

# Less common includes tumors (neuromas, rhabdoid tumors), intrauterine compression, hemangioma and exostosis of the first rib in the child. # associated injuries clavicular and humerus fractures, torticollis, cephalohematoma, and facial nerve palsy.

* Vertebral/burst fractures : ** Resulting in forces coming from above or below the vertebral body (depending on the injury)

...s|zygapophyseal]] joint capsules, [[ligamentum flavum]], dimensions of the vertebral bodies. ...on causes - [[Ribs|Rib]] or [[Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures|compression fractures]], [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|thoracic outlet syndrome]] and [[T4 Syn

...osing patients to low-impact, [[Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures|fragility fractures]]. In 2004, the WHO operationally defined osteoporosis based upon the bone ...can population is expected to triple the number of osteoporotic [[Fracture|fractures]].<ref name=":1">Joann L. Porter; Matthew Varacallo 19.12.2019 [https://ww

...–2000 and projections for the future.] Bone. 2002 Sep 1;31(3):430-3.</ref> Fractures of the foot are less common.<br> === Fractures of the ankle ===