Respiratory Management in Spinal Cord Injury: Difference between revisions
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In order to understand how respiratory functioning is affected among individuals with SCI, it is important to understand how normal ventilation occurs. The video below explains the mechanisms of breathing in healthy individuals; | In order to understand how respiratory functioning is affected among individuals with SCI, it is important to understand how normal ventilation occurs. The video below explains the mechanisms of breathing in healthy individuals; | ||
{{#ev:youtube|GD-HPx_ZG8I|300}}<ref>Armando Hasudungan. Mechanism of Breathing. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GD-HPx_ZG8I [last accessed 3/9/2020]</ref> | {{#ev:youtube|GD-HPx_ZG8I|300}}<ref>Armando Hasudungan. Mechanism of Breathing. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GD-HPx_ZG8I [last accessed 3/9/2020]</ref> | ||
SCI that involves the innervation of the diaphragm, intercostal muscles and the abdominal muscles directly affects the mechanics of breathing. The following table illustrates the level of neurological injury relevant to impairment; | |||
== Common complication affecting the respiratory function == | == Common complication affecting the respiratory function == | ||
Revision as of 21:28, 9 March 2020
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Respiratory dysfunction is one of the most common medical complications, as well as the leading cause in reduced Quality of Life (QoL) and mortality among individuals with Spinal Cord Injuries (SCIs)[1][2][3]. The SCI level and whether or not the SCI is complete or incomplete is directly associated with the extent of the respiratory dysfunction. A universal classification tool used to assess the level and the completeness is known as the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scale. Cervical and higher thoracic SCI are the most prevalent to develop respiratory complication[1]. This is due to the diaphragm impairment. The diaphragm is accountable for 65% of forced vital capacity and therefore plays a large role in ventilation[3]. Literature indicates that 67% of individuals with SCI present with respiratory complications in the acute stage, of which higher cervical SCI are far more common[4].
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
In order to understand how respiratory functioning is affected among individuals with SCI, it is important to understand how normal ventilation occurs. The video below explains the mechanisms of breathing in healthy individuals;
SCI that involves the innervation of the diaphragm, intercostal muscles and the abdominal muscles directly affects the mechanics of breathing. The following table illustrates the level of neurological injury relevant to impairment;
Common complication affecting the respiratory function[edit | edit source]
Medical Management[edit | edit source]
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Physiotherapy Management[edit | edit source]
Respiratory Assessment[edit | edit source]
Respiratory Treatment[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Galeiras Vázquez R, Rascado Sedes P, Mourelo Fariña M, Montoto Marqués A, Ferreiro Velasco ME. Respiratory management in the patient with spinal cord injury. BioMed research international. 2013;2013.
- ↑ Berlowitz DJ, Wadsworth B, Ross J. Respiratory problems and management in people with spinal cord injury. Breathe. 2016 Dec 1;12(4):328-40.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Zakrasek EC, Nielson JL, Kosarchuk JJ, Crew JD, Ferguson AR, McKenna SL. Pulmonary outcomes following specialized respiratory management for acute cervical spinal cord injury: a retrospective analysis. Spinal cord. 2017 Jun;55(6):559-65.
- ↑ Hagen EM. Acute complications of spinal cord injuries. World journal of orthopedics. 2015 Jan 18;6(1):17.
- ↑ Armando Hasudungan. Mechanism of Breathing. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GD-HPx_ZG8I [last accessed 3/9/2020]
