Lifestyle Medicine for Health and Disease Management: Difference between revisions

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== What is Lifestyle Medicine? ==
== What is Lifestyle Medicine? ==


The first edition of the Lifestyle Medicine book, edited by James Rippe, MD, coined the term "lifestyle medicine" in 1999. The book defined lifestyle medicine as "the integratiin of lifestyle practices into the modern practice of medicine both to lower the risk factors for chronic disease and/or, if disease is already present, serve as an adjunct in its therapy. Lifestyle medicine brings together sound, scientific evidence in diverse health-related fields to assist the clinician in the process of not only treating disease but also promoting good health."
The first edition of the ''Lifestyle Medicine'' book, edited by James Rippe, MD, coined the term "lifestyle medicine" in 1999. The book defined lifestyle medicine as "the integratiin of lifestyle practices into the modern practice of medicine both to lower the risk factors for chronic disease and/or, if disease is already present, serve as an adjunct in its therapy. Lifestyle medicine brings together sound, scientific evidence in diverse health-related fields to assist the clinician in the process of not only treating disease but also promoting good health."<ref>Rippe JM, ed. ''Lifestyle Medicine, 3<sup>rd</sup> ed.'' Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2019.</ref>


<sup>The first edition of the ''Lifestyle Medicine'' book, edited by James Rippe, MD, coined the term “lifestyle medicine” in 1999. The book defined lifestyle medicine as “the integration of lifestyle practices into the modern practice of medicine both to lower the risk factors for chronic disease and/or, if disease is already present, serve as an adjunct in its therapy. Lifestyle medicine brings together sound, scientific evidence in diverse health-related fields to assist the clinician in the process of not only treating disease but also promoting good health.”3</sup>
The ''Lifestyle Medicine Handbook'' states that lifestyle medicine is "The use of evidence-based lifestyle therapeutic approaches, su h as a predominantly whole food, plant-based diet, regular physical activity, adequate sleep, stress management, avoidance of risky substance use, and other non-drug modalities to treat, oftentimes, reverse and prevent the lifestyle-related, chronic disease that's all too prevalent."<ref>Frates B, Bonnet JP, Joseph R. & Peterson JA. ''Lifestyle Medicine Handbook: An Introduction to the Power of Healthy Habits''. Monterey, CA: Healthy Learning; 2019.</ref>


== Heading 3  ==
Finally, the ''Lifestyle Medicine'' book defines lifestyle medicine as "the application of environmental, behavioural, medical and motivational principles to tye management of lifestyle-related health problems in a clinical setting" and further added in the third edition that lifestyle medicine also includes "self-care and self-management."<ref>Egger G, Binns A, Rossner S, Sagner M, eds. ''Lifestyle Medicine: Lifestyle, the Environment and Preventive Medicine in Health and Disease, 3<sup>rd</sup> ed''. London, UK: 2017.</ref>


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Figure 1 shows the basic components of lifestyle medicine. It can be seen that the main focus is on nutrition, physical activity or exercise, sleep, stress, avoidance risky substances, and social relationships.
 
== Lifestyle Medicine for Health and Disease Management ==
 
Research has shown that various lifestyle medicine components may help treat and manage conditions such as:
 
* Chronic low back pain<ref>Williams A, van Dongen JM, Kamper SJ, et al. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30379386/ Economic evaluation of a healthy lifestyle intervention for chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial]. ''Eur J Pain''. 2019;23(3):621-634. doi:10.1002/ejp.1334</ref>
* Cognitive impairment<ref>Kivipelto M, Mangialasche F, Ngandu T. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30291317/ Lifestyle interventions to prevent cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer disease.] ''Nat Rev Neurol''. 2018;14(11):653-666. doi:10.1038/s41582-018-0070-3</ref>
* Depression<ref>Sarris J, O'Neil A, Coulson CE, Schweitzer I, Berk M. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24721040/ Lifestyle medicine for depression.] ''BMC Psychiatry''. 2014;14:107. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-14-107</ref>
* Rheumatoid arthritis<ref>Forsyth C, Kouvari M, D'Cunha NM, et al. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29256100/ The effects of the Mediterranean diet on rheumatoid arthritis prevention and treatment: a systematic review of human prospective studies.] ''Rheumatol Int''. 2018;38(5):737-747. doi:10.1007/s00296-017-3912-1</ref>
* Multiple sclerosis<sup>10</sup>
* Obesity<sup>11</sup>
* Parkinson’s disease<sup>12</sup>
 
Figure 2 outlines modifiable risk factors affecting various diseases such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. All of these are areas physiotherapists can educate their patients and clients to improve their lifestyle in order to help manage and prevent disease.


== References  ==
== References  ==

Revision as of 13:21, 11 August 2021

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Introduction[edit | edit source]

An article in The Permanente Journal indicates that "More than 80% of chronic conditions could be avoided through the adoption of healthy lifestyle recommendations."[1]An original investigation in JAMA Internal Medicine (2020) indicates that "Various healthy lifestyle profiles appear to be associated with extended gains in life lived without type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and cancer." The authors go onto say that "Of the 16 different lifestyle profiles studied, all 4 that were associated with the longest disease-free life span included a BMI [Body Mass Index] less than 25 and at least 2 of the following health behaviours: never smoking, physical activity, and moderate alcohol consumption."[2]

What is Lifestyle Medicine?[edit | edit source]

The first edition of the Lifestyle Medicine book, edited by James Rippe, MD, coined the term "lifestyle medicine" in 1999. The book defined lifestyle medicine as "the integratiin of lifestyle practices into the modern practice of medicine both to lower the risk factors for chronic disease and/or, if disease is already present, serve as an adjunct in its therapy. Lifestyle medicine brings together sound, scientific evidence in diverse health-related fields to assist the clinician in the process of not only treating disease but also promoting good health."[3]

The Lifestyle Medicine Handbook states that lifestyle medicine is "The use of evidence-based lifestyle therapeutic approaches, su h as a predominantly whole food, plant-based diet, regular physical activity, adequate sleep, stress management, avoidance of risky substance use, and other non-drug modalities to treat, oftentimes, reverse and prevent the lifestyle-related, chronic disease that's all too prevalent."[4]

Finally, the Lifestyle Medicine book defines lifestyle medicine as "the application of environmental, behavioural, medical and motivational principles to tye management of lifestyle-related health problems in a clinical setting" and further added in the third edition that lifestyle medicine also includes "self-care and self-management."[5]

Figure 1 shows the basic components of lifestyle medicine. It can be seen that the main focus is on nutrition, physical activity or exercise, sleep, stress, avoidance risky substances, and social relationships.

Lifestyle Medicine for Health and Disease Management[edit | edit source]

Research has shown that various lifestyle medicine components may help treat and manage conditions such as:

  • Chronic low back pain[6]
  • Cognitive impairment[7]
  • Depression[8]
  • Rheumatoid arthritis[9]
  • Multiple sclerosis10
  • Obesity11
  • Parkinson’s disease12

Figure 2 outlines modifiable risk factors affecting various diseases such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. All of these are areas physiotherapists can educate their patients and clients to improve their lifestyle in order to help manage and prevent disease.

References [edit | edit source]

see adding references tutorial. 

  1. ↑ Bodai BI, Nakata TE, Wong WT, et al. Lifestyle medicine: a brief review of its dramatic impact on health and survival. Perm J. 2018;22:17-025. doi:10.7812/TPP/17-025
  2. ↑ Nyberg ST, Singh-Manoux A, Pentti J, et al. Association of healthy lifestyle with years lived without major chronic diseases. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;180(5):760-768. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0618
  3. ↑ Rippe JM, ed. Lifestyle Medicine, 3rd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 2019.
  4. ↑ Frates B, Bonnet JP, Joseph R. & Peterson JA. Lifestyle Medicine Handbook: An Introduction to the Power of Healthy Habits. Monterey, CA: Healthy Learning; 2019.
  5. ↑ Egger G, Binns A, Rossner S, Sagner M, eds. Lifestyle Medicine: Lifestyle, the Environment and Preventive Medicine in Health and Disease, 3rd ed. London, UK: 2017.
  6. ↑ Williams A, van Dongen JM, Kamper SJ, et al. Economic evaluation of a healthy lifestyle intervention for chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Eur J Pain. 2019;23(3):621-634. doi:10.1002/ejp.1334
  7. ↑ Kivipelto M, Mangialasche F, Ngandu T. Lifestyle interventions to prevent cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018;14(11):653-666. doi:10.1038/s41582-018-0070-3
  8. ↑ Sarris J, O'Neil A, Coulson CE, Schweitzer I, Berk M. Lifestyle medicine for depression. BMC Psychiatry. 2014;14:107. doi:10.1186/1471-244X-14-107
  9. ↑ Forsyth C, Kouvari M, D'Cunha NM, et al. The effects of the Mediterranean diet on rheumatoid arthritis prevention and treatment: a systematic review of human prospective studies. Rheumatol Int. 2018;38(5):737-747. doi:10.1007/s00296-017-3912-1

 

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