Bed Rest And Skeletal Muscle: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
Muscle atrophy and muscle strength losses very | Muscle atrophy ([[sarcopenia]]) and [[Muscle Cells (Myocyte)|muscle]] strength losses very quickly occur with prolonged bed rest. Hospitalization of ≤5 days, referring to disuse/immobilization/ or prolonged time in the supine position bed, causes significant decreases in muscle mass and size. This in turn leads to functional decline. | ||
* There is a logarithmic disuse-induced loss of strength and muscle atrophy. | * There is a logarithmic disuse-induced loss of strength and muscle atrophy. | ||
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== Bed Rest: Metabolic Muscle Changes == | == Bed Rest: Metabolic Muscle Changes == | ||
The main matabolic musclular changes are insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility decrease in response to bed rest. | The main matabolic musclular changes are insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility decrease in response to bed rest. | ||
* Muscle glycogen build-up in bed rest decreases insulin sensitivity and storage of glycogen | * Muscle [[glycogen]] build-up in bed rest decreases [[insulin]] sensitivity and storage of glycogen | ||
* Lipid overload in muscles leads to lipotoxicity causing inflammation develop during bed rest | * [[Lipids|Lipid]] overload in muscles leads to lipotoxicity causing inflammation to develop during bed rest | ||
* Muscle metabolism from changes from fatty acid to glucose oxidation | * Muscle metabolism from changes from fatty acid to glucose oxidation | ||
* With long term bed rest internal mitochondrial alterations occur | * With long term bed rest internal [[Mitochondria|mitochondrial]] alterations occur | ||
== | == Prevention == | ||
Recent research shows that exercise interventions significantly attenuate loss of muscle mass. | |||
The exercise interventions included resistive exercise (RE), resistive vibration exercise (RVE), flywheel resistive exercise, treadmill exercise with lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and a zero-gravity locomotion simulator (ZLS). | * The exercise interventions included resistive exercise (RE), resistive vibration exercise (RVE), flywheel resistive exercise, treadmill exercise with lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and a zero-gravity locomotion simulator (ZLS). | ||
* With exercise intervention, high rates of bone loss were still observed.<ref>Konda NN, Karri RS, Winnard A, Nasser M, Evetts S, Boudreau E, Caplan N, Gradwell D, Velho RM. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6506471/ A comparison of exercise interventions from bed rest studies for the prevention of musculoskeletal loss]. npj Microgravity. 2019 May 8;5(1):12.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6506471/ (accessed 16.4.2024)</ref> | |||
== Physiotherapy == | |||
See [[Exercise in Critical Care]], [[Implementing an Early Mobility Programme for Critically Ill Patients]], | |||
== | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 08:43, 16 April 2024
Original Editor - Lucinda hampton
Top Contributors - Lucinda hampton
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Muscle atrophy (sarcopenia) and muscle strength losses very quickly occur with prolonged bed rest. Hospitalization of ≤5 days, referring to disuse/immobilization/ or prolonged time in the supine position bed, causes significant decreases in muscle mass and size. This in turn leads to functional decline.
- There is a logarithmic disuse-induced loss of strength and muscle atrophy.
- In the first 2 wks of bed rest, muscle strength decline is much faster than muscle atrophy.
Bed Rest: Metabolic Muscle Changes[edit | edit source]
The main matabolic musclular changes are insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility decrease in response to bed rest.
- Muscle glycogen build-up in bed rest decreases insulin sensitivity and storage of glycogen
- Lipid overload in muscles leads to lipotoxicity causing inflammation to develop during bed rest
- Muscle metabolism from changes from fatty acid to glucose oxidation
- With long term bed rest internal mitochondrial alterations occur
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Recent research shows that exercise interventions significantly attenuate loss of muscle mass.
- The exercise interventions included resistive exercise (RE), resistive vibration exercise (RVE), flywheel resistive exercise, treadmill exercise with lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and a zero-gravity locomotion simulator (ZLS).
- With exercise intervention, high rates of bone loss were still observed.[1]
Physiotherapy[edit | edit source]
See Exercise in Critical Care, Implementing an Early Mobility Programme for Critically Ill Patients,
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Konda NN, Karri RS, Winnard A, Nasser M, Evetts S, Boudreau E, Caplan N, Gradwell D, Velho RM. A comparison of exercise interventions from bed rest studies for the prevention of musculoskeletal loss. npj Microgravity. 2019 May 8;5(1):12.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6506471/ (accessed 16.4.2024)
