Memory
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Memory is defined simply as the capacity to store and retrieve information[1]. It is a sum of the processes that entail acquiring, storing, retaining and eventually retrieving information[2]. Contrary to popular belief, memory does not deteriorate with age. Memories are stored through the strengthening of synaptic connections between nerve cells.
Types of Memory[edit | edit source]
Three main categories of memory have been identified namely as:
- Sensory
- Short-term and
- Long-term memory[1]
Sensory Memory[edit | edit source]
This form of memory involves an entirely unconscious effort to occur. Sensory memory is the shortest form of memory. It involves the capacity to store impressions after having ended the original stimulus. It is responsible for receiving stimulus from the five senses which are stored briefly but accurately. Storage of this kind of memory is done automatically and is unable to be elongated through rehearsal. Sensory memory translates into short term memory through the process of attention, which involves selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other elements[3].
Short-Term Memory[edit | edit source]
Short-term memory (STM) may be defined as the maintenance of information over a brief period which often occurs in seconds and results from a conscious maintenance of sensory stimuli within this time frame[4]. It is also known as primary or working memory.
Long-Term Memory[edit | edit source]
Long-term memory (LTM) is largely a store of previous events[5] and refers to memories that have become stable and unyielding to interference[4]. It can also be referred to as secondary memory.
How to Improve Memory[edit | edit source]
Disorders of Memory[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zlotrik G, Vansintjan A. Memory: An Extended Definition. Front Psychol 2019; 10: 2523.
- ↑ Kendra C. Verywell mind: What is Memory? [Internet] 2020 [cited 15 May 2020]. Available from: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-memory-2795006#:~:text=Memory%20refers%20to%20the%20processes,encoding%2C%20storage%2C%20and%20retrieval.
- ↑ The Human Memory. Sensory Memory. Available from: https://human-memory.net/sensory-memory/ (accessed 29 March 2021).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Brem AK, Ran K, Pascual-Leone A. Learning and memory. Handb Clin Neurol 2013; 116:693-737
- ↑ Cowan N. What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? Prog Brain Res. 2008; 169: 323-338.
