Wallerian Degeneration: Difference between revisions
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Wallerian degeneration is an active process of retrograde degeneration of an axon that is a result of a nerve lesion. | Wallerian degeneration is an active process of retrograde degeneration of an axon that is a result of a nerve lesion. | ||
Usually the rate of degeneration is slower in the Central Nervous System than peripheral | Usually, the rate of degeneration is slower in the Central Nervous System than the peripheral Nervous system due to the clearance rate of myelin.<br> | ||
== Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | ||
The pathological process of a | The pathological process of a Walle degeneration is in 4 stages; | ||
* Axon Degeneration; Within approximately 30 minutes of injury, there is a separation of the proximal and distal ends of the nerve. After a short latency period of the transected membranes are sealed until degeneration. This is marked by the formation of axonal spheroids. The degeneration process is usually slower in the CNS and shorter in PNS | * Axon Degeneration; Within approximately 30 minutes of injury, there is a separation of the proximal and distal ends of the nerve. After a short latency period of the transected membranes are sealed until degeneration. This is marked by the formation of axonal spheroids. The degeneration process is usually slower in the CNS and shorter in PNS | ||
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== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation == | ||
Most patients have presentations of nerve damage | Most patients have presentations of nerve damage. | ||
These presentations may include[[Nerve Injury Rehabilitation|[2]]] | These presentations may include[[Nerve Injury Rehabilitation|[2]]] | ||
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* Neuromatous or causalgia pain | * Neuromatous or causalgia pain | ||
== Diagnostic | == Diagnostic Procedures == | ||
Electromyography | |||
Nerve Conduction Studies | |||
Pain assessment | |||
Sensation deficit and skin condition | |||
Muscle strength/loss | |||
Functional deficits<br> | |||
== Outcome Measures == | == Outcome Measures == | ||
Depends on various criteria but could include: | Depends on various criteria including pain and psychosocial skills but could include: | ||
* [[Muscle Strength|Oxford scale]] | * [[Muscle Strength|Oxford scale]] | ||
* [[Visual Analogue Scale|Visual analogue scale]] | * [[Visual Analogue Scale|Visual analogue scale]] | ||
* [[Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire|Short form McGill]] pain questionnaire | * [[Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire|Short form McGill]] pain questionnaire | ||
(see [[Outcome Measures|Outcome Measures Database]]) | (see [[Outcome Measures|Outcome Measures Database]]) | ||
== Management / Interventions == | == Management / Interventions == | ||
Cryotherapy<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4315870/</ref>, <br> | Wallerian Degeneration is a nerve repair mechanism. Managing nerve damage can include the use Cryotherapy<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4315870/</ref>, Exercise, <br><br> | ||
== Resources == | == Resources == |
Revision as of 18:06, 5 March 2021
Top Contributors - Anthonia Abraham, Kim Jackson, Cindy John-Chu and Lucinda hampton
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
Wallerian degeneration is an active process of retrograde degeneration of an axon that is a result of a nerve lesion.
Usually, the rate of degeneration is slower in the Central Nervous System than the peripheral Nervous system due to the clearance rate of myelin.
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process[edit | edit source]
The pathological process of a Walle degeneration is in 4 stages;
- Axon Degeneration; Within approximately 30 minutes of injury, there is a separation of the proximal and distal ends of the nerve. After a short latency period of the transected membranes are sealed until degeneration. This is marked by the formation of axonal spheroids. The degeneration process is usually slower in the CNS and shorter in PNS
- mylien Clerance
- regeneration
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Most patients have presentations of nerve damage.
These presentations may include[2]
- Paralysis of associated structures to denervated nerves
- Gradual onset of numbness, prickling, or tingling in your feet or hands, which can spread upward into your legs and arms
- Sharp, jabbing, throbbing, freezing, or burning pain
- Extreme sensitivity to touch
- Lack of coordination and falling
- Muscle weakness or paralysis if motor nerves are affected
- Neuromatous or causalgia pain
Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
Electromyography
Nerve Conduction Studies
Pain assessment
Sensation deficit and skin condition
Muscle strength/loss
Functional deficits
Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
Depends on various criteria including pain and psychosocial skills but could include:
- Oxford scale
- Visual analogue scale
- Short form McGill pain questionnaire
(see Outcome Measures Database)
Management / Interventions[edit | edit source]
Wallerian Degeneration is a nerve repair mechanism. Managing nerve damage can include the use Cryotherapy[2], Exercise,
Resources[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ The Physio Channel. Knee to Wall Test. Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbzYML05Vac (last accessed 5 March 2021)
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4315870/