Balance Training

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Introduction

Balance training is the practice of using exercises to improve stability usually by strengthening core muscles. It is popular in the treatment plan of geriatric patients, as it prevents falls; the second leading cause of accidental or unintentional injury deaths worldwide [1]. In some cases, balance training is recommended with patients with debilitating ailments affecting proprioception, vestibular inputs, and muscle strength. A special case is that of a below knee amputation, where the change of center of gravity and base of support affects functional equilibrium in dynamic activities[2]. Balance training is also used during recreation for individuals who wish to improve posture strength and stability. It is also used in sports training to improve the coordination of athletes.

Indication

Balance training is cuts across several treatment plans as balance is a vital part of human kinetics. The following are indications of Balance training,

• Vestibular Disorders
• Lower limb Amputations
• Stroke rehabilitation
• Parkinsons diseases
• Multiple sclerosis
• Neuropathies
• Postural dysfunction

Clinical Presentation

Balance Training exercises are graded. This implies that the intensity of the exercise is dependent on consideration of the patients abilities, disabilites and treatment goals.

The determination of the range of balance training exercises can be determined with an assessment of patients balance. this assesmemt is done in consideration of the presented symptomes and diagnosis.

This includes,

1) the evaluation of the visual system:

2) the evaluation of the somatosensory system

3)an evaluation of the vestibular sytem

4) an assessment of musculoskeletal elements

5)special tests such as Rombergs test

Functional Sequence of Balance Training

In rehabilitation of debilitating cases, balance activities start from lying to kneeling to sitting and then progresses to static and dynamic standing and walking.

Lying

• prone lying (neck extension)
• prone on elbows
• prone on hands

Kneeling

• 4 point kneeling
• Kneel sitting
• 2 point kneeling
• Half kneeling

Sitting

• high sitting with food on ground
• weight shifts (without arm support and foot touching the ground)
• sit walking
• long sitting

Sit to stand

static

• double limb stance
• single leg stance
• Tandem position

dynamic

• static marching
• wobbling board

Walking

• Forward
• backward
• Tandem
• Braiding
• Treadmill

In athletics, balance training exercises to improve coordination and strength, in the absence of a diagnosis of infirmities.

Balance Training Exercises

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=AWuKEt96Jjs

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rbUmG8c5YM8

Outcome Measures Database)

Resources

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References

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