Nystagmus: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
Nystagmus refers to rapid involuntary movements that may cause one or both eyes to move from side to side, up and down or around in circles.<ref name=":0">Vision Australia [https://www.visionaustralia.org/information/eye-conditions/nystagmus Nystagmus] Available:https://www.visionaustralia.org/information/eye-conditions/nystagmus (accessed 5.9.2021)</ref> The nystagmus may be defined is by the type of movement observed. | |||
== | * “jerk” nystagmus is slow in one direct and fast in the other | ||
* “pendular” nystagmus is the same speed in both directions | |||
* “rotary nystagmus” has the rotating on the Z-Axis<ref>Vision rehab OT The Functional Effects of Nystagmus Available:https://visionrehabot.com/the-functional-effects-of-nystagmus/ (accessed 5.9.2021)</ref> | |||
These movements can reduce vision, affect depth perception, balance, and coordination<ref name=":1">Sekhon RK, Deibel JP. [https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/viewarticle/43058/ Nystagmus Types].2019 Available:https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/viewarticle/43058/ (accessed 5.9.2021)</ref> | |||
Nystagmus itself cannot currently be cured, but some underlying conditions can be treated, especially childhood cataracts and strabismus and there are therapies for some neurological conditions<ref>Nystagmus network Treatment Available:https://nystagmusnetwork.org/information/treatment/ (accessed 5.9.2021)</ref>. | |||
== Etiology == | |||
Nystagmus is caused by an abnormal function in the areas of the brain that control eye movements. Nystagmus may be either present at birth or develop later in life<ref name=":0" />. | |||
# Infantile nystagmus usually develops by three months of age. It is characterized by a horizontal movement and has correlations with conditions such as albinism, congenital iris absence, underdeveloped [[Optic Nerve|optic nerves]], or congenital cataract. Children age 6 months to 3 years can have a form of nystagmus known as spasmus nutans. This form usually improves without intervention between ages 2 through 8 years. Characteristically, children will often nod or tilt their heads with this type of nystagmus, and the eyes may move in any direction. | |||
# Acquired causes of nystagmus require exploration if the eye movements develop later in life<ref name=":1" />. | |||
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Revision as of 02:37, 5 September 2021
Original Editor - User Name
Top Contributors - Lucinda hampton, Kim Jackson, Alyssa Brooks-Wells and Uchechukwu Chukwuemeka
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Nystagmus refers to rapid involuntary movements that may cause one or both eyes to move from side to side, up and down or around in circles.[1] The nystagmus may be defined is by the type of movement observed.
- “jerk” nystagmus is slow in one direct and fast in the other
- “pendular” nystagmus is the same speed in both directions
- “rotary nystagmus” has the rotating on the Z-Axis[2]
These movements can reduce vision, affect depth perception, balance, and coordination[3]
Nystagmus itself cannot currently be cured, but some underlying conditions can be treated, especially childhood cataracts and strabismus and there are therapies for some neurological conditions[4].
Etiology[edit | edit source]
Nystagmus is caused by an abnormal function in the areas of the brain that control eye movements. Nystagmus may be either present at birth or develop later in life[1].
- Infantile nystagmus usually develops by three months of age. It is characterized by a horizontal movement and has correlations with conditions such as albinism, congenital iris absence, underdeveloped optic nerves, or congenital cataract. Children age 6 months to 3 years can have a form of nystagmus known as spasmus nutans. This form usually improves without intervention between ages 2 through 8 years. Characteristically, children will often nod or tilt their heads with this type of nystagmus, and the eyes may move in any direction.
- Acquired causes of nystagmus require exploration if the eye movements develop later in life[3].
Sub Heading 3[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vision Australia Nystagmus Available:https://www.visionaustralia.org/information/eye-conditions/nystagmus (accessed 5.9.2021)
- ↑ Vision rehab OT The Functional Effects of Nystagmus Available:https://visionrehabot.com/the-functional-effects-of-nystagmus/ (accessed 5.9.2021)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sekhon RK, Deibel JP. Nystagmus Types.2019 Available:https://www.statpearls.com/articlelibrary/viewarticle/43058/ (accessed 5.9.2021)
- ↑ Nystagmus network Treatment Available:https://nystagmusnetwork.org/information/treatment/ (accessed 5.9.2021)
