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...early stages of knee flexion, the MPFL is a critical component in patellar tracking and stability within the trochlear groove. <ref name=":0">Aframian A, Smith ...MPFL has a broad insertion (20-30mm) onto the superomedial aspect of the [[patella]]<ref name=":0" />. The proximal insertion extends to the quadriceps tendo

...scle fibres. VMO runs obliquely and helps with medial translation of the [[Patella]] where VM runs more longitudinally and contributes more to knee extension. ...int capsule. It also has a small area where it directly continues with the patella tendon<ref name=":2" />.

...he quadriceps femoris tendon, which inserts into the upper border of the [[patella]].<ref name=":0">Anatomy.tv | 3D Human Anatomy | Primal Pictures [Internet] ...emoris|rectus femoris]] and the other quadriceps muscles, enveloping the [[patella]], then by the patellar ligament into the tibial tuberosity.<ref name=":0"

...the [[Patellofemoral Joint|patellofemoral joint]]. This abnormal patellar tracking (secondary to an imbalance in [[Quadriceps Muscle|quadriceps]] muscle perfo ...ve, but is also superior to knee strengthening alone for decreasing [[Pain Assessment|pain intensity]] and improving activity in people with patellofemoral pain.

...at connects the lateral [[patella]] and prevents medial translation of the patella.<ref>Hadeed A, Tapscott DC. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542185/ The iliotibial band is one of the most common [[Assessment of Running Biomechanics|running]] injuries we see as physiotherapists. It i

...of pull of [[Quadriceps Muscle|the quadriceps]] relative to [[Patella|the patella]] is a meaningful clinical measure. Such a measure is referred to as the Qu ...IS) to the mid-point of the [[patella]]) and a line from the center of the patella to the center of the tibial tubercle.

...12;24(4):193-200. doi:10.5792/ksrr.2012.24.4.193.</ref>&nbsp;The [[Patella|patella]] has a configuration of a triangle with its apex directed inferiorly. Supe '''Patella'''

...10.2106%2FJBJS.G.00572 In vivo noninvasive evaluation of abnormal patellar tracking during squatting in patients with patellofemoral pain]. ''The Journal of Bo ...le/abs/pii/S1466853X11000162?via%3Dihub The role of patellar alignment and tracking in vivo: The potential mechanism of patellofemoral pain syndrome.] ''Physic

...Anatomy|tendon]]. In turn, the patella is attached to the [[tibia]] by the patella ligament. * Actions: Extends the knee joint and stabilises the patella.

A patellar dislocation occurs by a lateral shift of the [[patella]], leaving the trochlea groove of the femoral condyle. This mostly occurs a [[Image:336px-Patellaluxation ap 002.jpg|patella dislocation]]

...iency of the aforementioned passive constraint (patholaxity) such that the patella may escape partially or completely from its asymptomatic position with resp ...Subluxation - Shutterstock Image - ID 637362388.jpg|thumb|Comparison of a patella in situ, subluxed and dislocated.]]

...any part of the lower kinematic chain ([[Core Stability|core]], [[Lumbar Assessment|lumbar]] spine, [[Hip Anatomy|hip]], [[knee]], [[Ankle and Foot|ankle]]) ge ...through knee; cleats causing tibial torsion resulting in incorrect patella tracking.<br><br>

Screening for red flags is an important part of the assessment process, but it is often overlooked in patients with knee pain. It is impor ...ost patients with SLJS also have calcification at the inferior pole of the patella.<ref>Medlar RC, Lyne ED. [https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/2325

# '''Angle >15 degrees''': Increased anteversion leads to squinting [[Patella|patellae]] & pigeon toed walking (in-toeing) which is twice as common in gi ...d [[Vastus Medialis|vastus medialis]] activity, impaired tracking of the [[patella]], [[Hip Dysplasia|femoral trochlear dysplasia]], unilateral [[Hip Osteoart

...rations in (1) neuromuscular control, (2) limb alignment, and (3) patellar tracking.<ref name=":4" /> ...on, local ice massage, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories as necessary, and tracking patient growth patterns.<ref name=":2" />

...t gives a feeling that the knee “gives way’’. This feeling occurs when the patella slips out of the trochlear groove. The relationships between the symptoms, The [[patella]] is the largest sesamoid bone. It is located within the complex of the qua

...ng, swelling, fraying, and erosion of the hyaline cartilage underlying the patella and sclerosis of the underlying bone. <ref name="gagliardi">Gagliardi JA, C ...is a softening of the articular cartilage on the posterior surface of the patella which may eventually lead to fibrillation, fissuring, and erosion.<ref name

...mptoms.<ref name=":0">Wiles P, Andrews PS, Devas MB. Chondromalacia of the patella. Bone & Joint Journal. 1956 Feb 1;38(1):95-113.</ref><ref>Blazer K. Diagnos ...side of the patella between the patellar tendon (which is attached to the patella) and the skin, there is an extra bursa (prepatellaris) which is normally no

...June 03, 2019).</ref> It refers to the description, detailed analysis and assessment of human movement during sport activities.<ref name="Brukner and Khan" /> M *The assessment of muscle recruitment and loading&nbsp;

** Allows for repeated assessment of a tissue lesion over time *** Assessment of fluid accumulation