Pain Assessment: Difference between revisions
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'''Original Editor '''- [[PPA Project|The PPA Project]] | '''Original Editor '''- [[PPA Project|The PPA Project]] | ||
'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} | '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} | ||
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== | == Pain phases == | ||
When assessing pain it is important to recognise the differences between acute and chronic pain and the implications for assessment and management of the patient. each of these phases presents: | |||
# | #Acute | ||
#Subacute | |||
#Chronic | |||
== Acute pain phase == | |||
In the acute pain phase performance of a comprehensive assessment using reliable and validated tools to prevent the onset of chronicity is of utmost importance. | |||
== Multidimensional approach == | |||
When assessing pain we use a [[Biopsychosocial Model|biopsychosical approach]] for assessment of pain and disability as it accounts for the multidimensional nature of pain in domains relevant to physical therapy practice. | |||
A biopsychosocial assessment should seek to identify the following: | |||
*Bio (triage and identification of the pathology) | |||
*Psycho (psychological distress, fear/avoidance beliefs, current coping methods and attribution) | |||
*Social (work issues, family circumstances and benefits/economics) | |||
== Primary domains of pain == | |||
During our assessment we must account for the multidimensional nature of pain by including appropriate assessment measures for primary domains including: | |||
*Sensory | |||
# | *Affective | ||
# | *Cognitive | ||
*Physiological | |||
*Behavioral | |||
== Pain measures == | |||
Commonly used measures for different pain dimensions include: | |||
*Self-report measures | |||
*Physical performance measures including Functional Capacity Evaluations (FCEs) | |||
*Physiological/autonomic response measures <br> | |||
These measures each have their own strengths and limitations for different pain dimensions which we must recognise: | |||
== Individualised assessment == | |||
It is important to modify pain assessment strategies to match inherent variability associated with the patient's clinical presentation: | |||
*Individual factors (e.g. age, sex, etc.) | |||
*Sociocultural influences (e.g. spirituality, ethnicity, etc.) | |||
*Clinical characteristics of pain (e.g. duration, anatomical location, etc.) | |||
*Pain type and state (e.g. neuropathic pain, cancer pain, etc.) | |||
*Vulnerable populations (e.g. communication barriers, cognitive impairment etc.) | |||
== Outcomes of pain assessment == | |||
Following assessment of pain suitable management strategies can be implemented. However, as always, it is important to understand the need to: | |||
#monitor and review the effectiveness of treatment/management and modify treatment and management strategies appropriately. | |||
#refer to relevant health professional as appropriate and in a timely manner.<br> | |||
== Resources == | == Resources == |
Revision as of 18:56, 23 February 2014
Original Editor - The PPA Project
Top Contributors - Admin, Evan Thomas, Rachael Lowe, Kim Jackson, Jo Etherton, Lauren Lopez, WikiSysop, Simisola Ajeyalemi, Amanda Ager, Jess Bell, Wendy Walker, Daphne Jackson, George Prudden, Michelle Lee and Nicole Hills
Pain phases[edit | edit source]
When assessing pain it is important to recognise the differences between acute and chronic pain and the implications for assessment and management of the patient. each of these phases presents:
- Acute
- Subacute
- Chronic
Acute pain phase[edit | edit source]
In the acute pain phase performance of a comprehensive assessment using reliable and validated tools to prevent the onset of chronicity is of utmost importance.
Multidimensional approach[edit | edit source]
When assessing pain we use a biopsychosical approach for assessment of pain and disability as it accounts for the multidimensional nature of pain in domains relevant to physical therapy practice.
A biopsychosocial assessment should seek to identify the following:
- Bio (triage and identification of the pathology)
- Psycho (psychological distress, fear/avoidance beliefs, current coping methods and attribution)
- Social (work issues, family circumstances and benefits/economics)
Primary domains of pain[edit | edit source]
During our assessment we must account for the multidimensional nature of pain by including appropriate assessment measures for primary domains including:
- Sensory
- Affective
- Cognitive
- Physiological
- Behavioral
Pain measures[edit | edit source]
Commonly used measures for different pain dimensions include:
- Self-report measures
- Physical performance measures including Functional Capacity Evaluations (FCEs)
- Physiological/autonomic response measures
These measures each have their own strengths and limitations for different pain dimensions which we must recognise:
Individualised assessment[edit | edit source]
It is important to modify pain assessment strategies to match inherent variability associated with the patient's clinical presentation:
- Individual factors (e.g. age, sex, etc.)
- Sociocultural influences (e.g. spirituality, ethnicity, etc.)
- Clinical characteristics of pain (e.g. duration, anatomical location, etc.)
- Pain type and state (e.g. neuropathic pain, cancer pain, etc.)
- Vulnerable populations (e.g. communication barriers, cognitive impairment etc.)
Outcomes of pain assessment[edit | edit source]
Following assessment of pain suitable management strategies can be implemented. However, as always, it is important to understand the need to:
- monitor and review the effectiveness of treatment/management and modify treatment and management strategies appropriately.
- refer to relevant health professional as appropriate and in a timely manner.
Resources[edit | edit source]
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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