Arm Squeeze Test: Difference between revisions
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== Clinical Relevant Anatomy == | == Clinical Relevant Anatomy == | ||
The Cervical Nerves are spinal nerves originating from the cervical vetebra<ref>Joshua W, Vamsi R, Bruno B.Anatomy, Head and Neck, Cervical Nerves. StatPearls. | The Cervical Nerves are spinal nerves originating from the cervical vetebra<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538136/ Joshua W, Vamsi R, Bruno B.Anatomy, Head and Neck, Cervical Nerves. StatPearls.] | ||
</ref>. Through the [[Brachial plexus]], these nerves communicate via the cervical-axillary canal in the neck and armpit region. The cervical nerves are responsible for the sensation and motor function of muscles, including the nerves that supply muscles in the arm. | </ref>. Through the [[Brachial plexus]], these nerves communicate via the cervical-axillary canal in the neck and armpit region. The cervical nerves are responsible for the sensation and motor function of muscles, including the nerves that supply muscles in the arm. | ||
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== Purpose == | == Purpose == | ||
This is a new clinical test that may be useful to distinguish between [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Cervical_Radiculopathy Cervical radiculopathy] from other shoulders related pathology<ref name=":0">Gumina S, Carbone S, Albino P, Gurzi M, Postacchini F. Arm Squeeze Test: a new clinical test to distinguish neck from shoulder pain. European Spine Journal, 2013'';''1558–1563. </ref> | This is a new clinical test that may be useful to distinguish between [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Cervical_Radiculopathy Cervical radiculopathy] from other shoulders related pathology<ref name=":0">[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3698345/ Gumina S, Carbone S, Albino P, Gurzi M, Postacchini F. Arm Squeeze Test: a new clinical test to distinguish neck from shoulder pain. European Spine Journal, 2013'';''1558–1563.] </ref> | ||
== Technique == | == Technique == | ||
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* Squeezes the middle third of the patient's upper arm with the thumb (examiner) on the patient's triceps while the rest of the fingers is on the patient's biceps | * Squeezes the middle third of the patient's upper arm with the thumb (examiner) on the patient's triceps while the rest of the fingers is on the patient's biceps | ||
* With a moderate compression (5.9 to 8.1kg) | * With a moderate compression (5.9 to 8.1kg) | ||
It is positive if the patient reports 3 or higher on [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Visual_Analogue_Scale VAS] with pressure on the middle third of the upper arm compared with the acromioclavicular joint and subacromial area.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Joshua C, Shane K, Jonathan S. Netter's Orthopaedic Clinical Examination. | It is positive if the patient reports 3 or higher on [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Visual_Analogue_Scale VAS] with pressure on the middle third of the upper arm compared with the acromioclavicular joint and subacromial area.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Joshua C, Shane K, Jonathan S. Netter's Orthopaedic Clinical Examination. USA: Elsevier, 2015.</ref> | ||
{{#ev:youtube|rROAZDrAYUk}}<ref>Physiospot. Arm Squeeze Test. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rROAZDrAYUk [last accessed 7/10/2020] </ref> | {{#ev:youtube|rROAZDrAYUk}}<ref>Physiospot. Arm Squeeze Test. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rROAZDrAYUk [last accessed 7/10/2020] </ref> | ||
Revision as of 18:01, 11 October 2020
Original Editor - Fasuba Ayobami
Top Contributors - Anthonia Abraham, Kim Jackson, Fasuba Ayobami, Vidya Acharya, George Prudden and Claire Knott
Definition[edit | edit source]
Arm Squeeze Test is a clinical test used to distinguish cervical nerve root compression from shoulder disease in case of doubtful diagnosis.[1] Nerve compression syndrome is typically agitated when the middle third of the upper arm is squeezed or compacted.
Clinical Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The Cervical Nerves are spinal nerves originating from the cervical vetebra[2]. Through the Brachial plexus, these nerves communicate via the cervical-axillary canal in the neck and armpit region. The cervical nerves are responsible for the sensation and motor function of muscles, including the nerves that supply muscles in the arm.
These nerves can be compressed by internal and external causes, resulting in a cervical root compression.
For more detailed information on anatomy of the Cervical nerves
Purpose[edit | edit source]
This is a new clinical test that may be useful to distinguish between Cervical radiculopathy from other shoulders related pathology[1]
Technique[edit | edit source]
- The examiner stands behind the patient
- Squeezes the middle third of the patient's upper arm with the thumb (examiner) on the patient's triceps while the rest of the fingers is on the patient's biceps
- With a moderate compression (5.9 to 8.1kg)
It is positive if the patient reports 3 or higher on VAS with pressure on the middle third of the upper arm compared with the acromioclavicular joint and subacromial area.[1][3]
This is a video illustrating how to perform the Arm squeeze test.
Evidence[edit | edit source]
| Sensitivity | Specificity | Negative Likelihood ratios | Positive Likelihood ratios |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.96 (0.85 - 0.99) | 0.96 (0.87 - 0.99) | 24 (6.5 - 99) | 0.04 (0.01 - 0.17) |
Related Tests[edit | edit source]
Reference[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Gumina S, Carbone S, Albino P, Gurzi M, Postacchini F. Arm Squeeze Test: a new clinical test to distinguish neck from shoulder pain. European Spine Journal, 2013;1558–1563.
- ↑ Joshua W, Vamsi R, Bruno B.Anatomy, Head and Neck, Cervical Nerves. StatPearls.
- ↑ Joshua C, Shane K, Jonathan S. Netter's Orthopaedic Clinical Examination. USA: Elsevier, 2015.
- ↑ Physiospot. Arm Squeeze Test. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rROAZDrAYUk [last accessed 7/10/2020]
