Rivermead Mobility Index: Difference between revisions
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== Objective == | == Objective == | ||
The | The Rivermead Mobility Index assesses functional mobility in [[gait]], [[balance]] and transfers. It was developed in 1991 to be used after stroke or head injury<ref name=":0">Collen FM, Wade DT, Robb GF, Bradshaw CM. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1836787/ The Rivermead Mobility Index: a further development of the Rivermead Motor Assessment]. Int Disabil Stud. 1991;13(2):50-4</ref>. | ||
== Intended Population == | == Intended Population == | ||
Those with a diagnosis of Stroke, | Those with a diagnosis of [[Stroke]], [[Overview of Traumatic Brain Injury|Acquired Brain Injury]], Lower Limb [[Amputations|Amputation]] or [[Multiple Sclerosis (MS)|Multiple Sclerosis]]<ref>Sabrina Figueiredo. Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI). Available from: https://strokengine.ca/en/assessments/rivermead-mobility-index-rmi/ (Accessed 23/06/2022)</ref><ref name=":1" />. It can be used for a wide range of functional ability levels. | ||
== Method of Use == | == Method of Use == | ||
< | The Rivermead Mobility Index consists of 15 items (14 self reported items and 1 direct observation)<ref name=":0" />. The items are scored 0 if the patient is is not able to complete the task or 1 if they are able to complete it. The points are then added together, to score a maximum of 15, with higher scores stipulating better functional mobility<ref>Shirley Ryan Ability Lab. Rivermead Mobility Index. Available from: https://www.sralab.org/rehabilitation-measures/rivermead-mobility-index (Accessed 23/06/2022)</ref>. | ||
The items are<ref>Donato S, Halliday Pulaski K, Gillen G. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323172813000198 Chapter 19 - Overview of Balance Impairments: Functional Implications]. In: Gillen G. Stroke Rehabilitation (Fourth Edition) Mosby, 2016. p394-415.</ref>: | |||
; <nowiki>1. Turning over in bed: Do you turn over from your back to your side without help?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>2. Lying to sitting: From lying in bed, do you get up to sit on the edge of the bed on your own?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>3. Sitting balance: Do you sit on the edge of the bed without holding on for 10 seconds?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>4. Sitting to standing: Do you stand up from any chair in less than 15 seconds and stand there for 15 seconds, using hands and/or an aid, if necessary?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>5. Standing unsupported: Ask client to stand without aid and observe standing for 10 seconds without any aid.</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>6. Transfer: Do you manage to move from bed to chair and back without any help?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>7. Walking inside (with an aid if necessary): Do you walk 10 meters, with an aid if necessary, but with no standby help?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>8. Stairs: Do you manage a flight of stairs without help?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>9. Walking outside (even ground): Do you walk around outside, on pavements, without help?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>10. Walking inside, with no aid: Do you walk 10 meters inside, with no caliper, splint, or other aid (including furniture or walls) without help?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>11. Picking up off floor: Do you manage to walk 5 meters, pick something up from the floor, and then walk back without help?</nowiki> | |||
<br> {{#ev:youtube|NZbnUehNUrw|300}} | ; <nowiki>12. Walking outside (uneven ground): Do you walk over uneven ground (grass, gravel, snow, ice, etc.) without help?</nowiki> | ||
; <nowiki>13. Bathing: Do you get into/out of a bath or shower to wash yourself unsupervised and without help?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>14. Up and down four steps: Do you manage to go up and down four steps with no rail but using an aid if necessary?</nowiki> | |||
; <nowiki>15. Running: Do you run 10 meters without limping in 4 seconds (fast walk, not limping, is acceptable)?</nowiki> | |||
; | |||
; This video gives a demonstration of using the Rivermead Mobility Index:<br> {{#ev:youtube|NZbnUehNUrw|300}} | |||
<br> | <br> | ||
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''Lower Limb Amputees:'' | ''Lower Limb Amputees:'' | ||
(Ryall et al, 2003; n = 62; mean age = 56.8 (18.8) years; mean time post amputation: 4.9 (14.7) years) <ref>Ryall, N. H., Eyres, S. B., et al. "Is the Rivermead Mobility Index appropriate to measure mobility in lower limb amputees?" Disabil Rehabil 2003 25(3): 143-153</ref> | (Ryall et al, 2003; n = 62; mean age = 56.8 (18.8) years; mean time post amputation: 4.9 (14.7) years) <ref name=":1">Ryall, N. H., Eyres, S. B., et al. "Is the Rivermead Mobility Index appropriate to measure mobility in lower limb amputees?" Disabil Rehabil 2003 25(3): 143-153</ref> | ||
*Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.99) | *Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.99) | ||
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== Links == | == Links == | ||
[ | [https://www.sralab.org/sites/default/files/2017-06/Rivermead%20Mobility%20Index.pdf Rivermead Mobility Index] | ||
== References == | == References == |
Revision as of 12:00, 23 June 2022
Original Editor - Sinead Greenan
Top Contributors - Sinead Greenan, Chloe Waller, Kim Jackson, Evan Thomas, Oyemi Sillo, WikiSysop, Scott Buxton, Naomi O'Reilly and Amrita Patro
Objective[edit | edit source]
The Rivermead Mobility Index assesses functional mobility in gait, balance and transfers. It was developed in 1991 to be used after stroke or head injury[1].
Intended Population[edit | edit source]
Those with a diagnosis of Stroke, Acquired Brain Injury, Lower Limb Amputation or Multiple Sclerosis[2][3]. It can be used for a wide range of functional ability levels.
Method of Use[edit | edit source]
The Rivermead Mobility Index consists of 15 items (14 self reported items and 1 direct observation)[1]. The items are scored 0 if the patient is is not able to complete the task or 1 if they are able to complete it. The points are then added together, to score a maximum of 15, with higher scores stipulating better functional mobility[4].
The items are[5]:
- 1. Turning over in bed: Do you turn over from your back to your side without help?
- 2. Lying to sitting: From lying in bed, do you get up to sit on the edge of the bed on your own?
- 3. Sitting balance: Do you sit on the edge of the bed without holding on for 10 seconds?
- 4. Sitting to standing: Do you stand up from any chair in less than 15 seconds and stand there for 15 seconds, using hands and/or an aid, if necessary?
- 5. Standing unsupported: Ask client to stand without aid and observe standing for 10 seconds without any aid.
- 6. Transfer: Do you manage to move from bed to chair and back without any help?
- 7. Walking inside (with an aid if necessary): Do you walk 10 meters, with an aid if necessary, but with no standby help?
- 8. Stairs: Do you manage a flight of stairs without help?
- 9. Walking outside (even ground): Do you walk around outside, on pavements, without help?
- 10. Walking inside, with no aid: Do you walk 10 meters inside, with no caliper, splint, or other aid (including furniture or walls) without help?
- 11. Picking up off floor: Do you manage to walk 5 meters, pick something up from the floor, and then walk back without help?
- 12. Walking outside (uneven ground): Do you walk over uneven ground (grass, gravel, snow, ice, etc.) without help?
- 13. Bathing: Do you get into/out of a bath or shower to wash yourself unsupervised and without help?
- 14. Up and down four steps: Do you manage to go up and down four steps with no rail but using an aid if necessary?
- 15. Running: Do you run 10 meters without limping in 4 seconds (fast walk, not limping, is acceptable)?
- This video gives a demonstration of using the Rivermead Mobility Index
Evidence[edit | edit source]
Reliability[edit | edit source]
Test-retest Reliability:
Chronic Stroke:
(Chen et al, 2007; Green, Foster & Young, 2001; n = 22; 1 year post-stroke, assessed twice, with one week between assessments) [6]
- Excellent overall test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.96)
- Excellent test-retest reliability for the following subcategories:
Kappa for turning in bed = 1.0
Kappa for walking inside without aid = 0.89
Kappa for walking outside on uneven ground = 0.83
Kappa for bathing = 0.81
Kappa for picking objects off the floor = 0.79
- Adequate test-retest reliability for the following subcategories:
Kappa for stairs = 0.68
Kappa for lying to sitting = 0.64
Kappa for sitting balance = 0.64
Kappa for transfers = 0.64
Kappa for walking up and down 4 steps = 0.67
Lower Limb Amputees:
(Ryall et al, 2003; n = 62; mean age = 56.8 (18.8) years; mean time post amputation: 4.9 (14.7) years) [3]
- Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.99)
Interrater/Intrarater Reliability:
Acute Stroke: (Hsueh et al, 2003; n = 57; mean age of 64.2 (11.5) years; assessed at 14, 30, 90, and 180 days post stroke; Taiwanese sample) [7]
- Excellent interrater reliability for total score (ICC = 0.92)
- Poor to excellent interrater reliability for individual subcategories (Weighted Kappa = 0.37 - 0.94)
Validity[edit | edit source]
Criterion Validity:
Acute Stroke:
(Hsieh et al, 2000; n = 38 inpatients; Sommerfeld & vo Arbin, 2001; n = 115 inpatients aged > 65; Hsueh et al, 2003) [8]
- Excellent predictive validity with Barthel Index 24 days post stroke (r = 0.77)
- RMI scores of > 4 best predictor of early discharge home
Lower Limb Amputees:
(Ryall et al, 2003) [9]
- Adequate concurrent validity with TWT (r = -0.58)
- Only one value is outside the 95% limits of agreement
Construct Validity:
Acute Stroke: (Hsueh et al, 2003) [10]
- Excellent correlation with BI at 14 days post stroke (r = 0.72)
- Excellent correlation with BI at 30 days post stroke (r = 0.88)
- Excellent correlation with BI at 90 days post stroke (r = 0.86)
- Excellent correlation with BI at 180 days post stroke (r = 0.88)
Lower Limb Amputees: (Franchignoni et al, 2003a, n = 140; mean age = 57 (18) years) [11]
· Excellent correlation with motFIM at beginning of prosthetic training (r = 0.83)
· Excellent correlation with motFIM at end of prosthetic training (r = 0.69)
· Excellent correlation of the change scores for the RMI with changes in motFIM (r = 0.75)
· Excellent correlation with TWT (timed walking test) at end of prosthetic training (r = -0.70)
Content Validity:
Acute Stroke: (Hsieh et al, 2000) [12]
- Critical values for two indices, coefficient of reproducibility (> 0.9) and coefficient of scalability (> 0.7), were all exceeded
Lower limb amputees: (Franchignoni et al, 2003a) [13]
- Coefficient of reproducibility was exceeded and ranged from 0.71-1.0
- Coefficient of scalability was not exceeded and ranged from 0.38-0.62
Lower limb amputees: (Ryall et al, 2003) [14]
- Coefficient of reproducibility was exceeded and ranged from 0.91-0.94
Responsiveness[edit | edit source]
Acute Stroke: (Hsueh et al, 2003) [15]
Days Post Stoke | n | RMI | MRMI | STREAM | BI |
14-30 | 51 | 1.14 | 1.31 | 1.17 | 1.51 |
30-90 | 43 | 0.86 | 0.83 | 0.95 | 1.07 |
90-180 | 43 | 0.24 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.35 |
14-90 | 43 | 1.67 | 1.56 | 1.61 | 2.09 |
14-180 | 43 | 1.94 | 1.53 | 1.65 | 2.01 |
Values reported as SRM (Standardized Response Mean)
RMI = Rivermead Mobility Index
MRMI = Modified Rivermead Mobility Index
STREAM = Mobility Subscale of the Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement
BI = Barthel Index
Links[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Collen FM, Wade DT, Robb GF, Bradshaw CM. The Rivermead Mobility Index: a further development of the Rivermead Motor Assessment. Int Disabil Stud. 1991;13(2):50-4
- ↑ Sabrina Figueiredo. Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI). Available from: https://strokengine.ca/en/assessments/rivermead-mobility-index-rmi/ (Accessed 23/06/2022)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ryall, N. H., Eyres, S. B., et al. "Is the Rivermead Mobility Index appropriate to measure mobility in lower limb amputees?" Disabil Rehabil 2003 25(3): 143-153
- ↑ Shirley Ryan Ability Lab. Rivermead Mobility Index. Available from: https://www.sralab.org/rehabilitation-measures/rivermead-mobility-index (Accessed 23/06/2022)
- ↑ Donato S, Halliday Pulaski K, Gillen G. Chapter 19 - Overview of Balance Impairments: Functional Implications. In: Gillen G. Stroke Rehabilitation (Fourth Edition) Mosby, 2016. p394-415.
- ↑ Chen, H. M., Hsieh, C. L., et al. "The test-retest reliability of 2 mobility performance tests in patients with chronic stroke." Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2007 21(4): 347-352
- ↑ Hsueh, I. P., Wang, C. H., et al. "Comparison of psychometric properties of three mobility measures for patients with stroke." Stroke 2003 34(7): 1741-1745
- ↑ Hsieh, C. L., Hsueh, I. P., et al. "Validity and responsiveness of the rivermead mobility index in stroke patients." Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2000 32(3): 140-142
- ↑ Ryall, N. H., Eyres, S. B., et al. "Is the Rivermead Mobility Index appropriate to measure mobility in lower limb amputees?" Disabil Rehabil 2003 25(3): 143-153
- ↑ Hsueh, I. P., Wang, C. H., et al. "Comparison of psychometric properties of three mobility measures for patients with stroke." Stroke 2003 34(7): 1741-1745
- ↑ Franchignoni, F., Brunelli, S., et al. "Is the Rivermead Mobility Index a suitable outcome measure in lower limb amputees?--A psychometric validation study." J Rehabil Med 2003 35(3): 141-144
- ↑ Hsieh, C. L., Hsueh, I. P., et al. "Validity and responsiveness of the rivermead mobility index in stroke patients." Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 2000 32(3): 140-142
- ↑ Franchignoni, F., Brunelli, S., et al. "Is the Rivermead Mobility Index a suitable outcome measure in lower limb amputees?--A psychometric validation study." J Rehabil Med 2003 35(3): 141-144
- ↑ Ryall, N. H., Eyres, S. B., et al. "Is the Rivermead Mobility Index appropriate to measure mobility in lower limb amputees?" Disabil Rehabil 2003 25(3): 143-153
- ↑ Hsueh, I. P., Wang, C. H., et al. "Comparison of psychometric properties of three mobility measures for patients with stroke." Stroke 2003 34(7): 1741-1745
- Outcome Measures
- Assessment
- Neurology
- Neurological - Assessment and Examination
- Neurological - Outcome Measures
- Stroke
- Stroke - Assessment and Examination
- Stroke - Outcome Measures
- Head
- Head - Assessment and Examination
- Head - Outcome Measures
- Spinal Cord Injuries
- Acquired Brain Injuries
- Amputees
- Occupational Health