Sensory Integration
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Top Contributors - Jess Bell, Ewa Jaraczewska, Lauren Heydenrych and Tarina van der Stockt
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Sensory integration is also known as sensory processing and it is brain's ability to recognise and to respond to signals sent by our senses. These senses include hearing, vision, smell, taste, touch, proprioception, and vestibular. Sensory integration plays a significant role in the development and maintenance of social-emotional, motor, cognitive, adaptive, and other skills.[1] It impacts the child's participation in daily activities, school activities, and more. When the brain has difficulties processing these various sensory stimuli, the child may be diagnosed with a condition called sensory integration dysfunction (SID) or more recently, sensory processing disorder (SPD).[2] [3] It is a "failure to modulate the effects of incoming sensory inputs."[4] Children can demonstrates either hypo- or hyper-sensitivities to sensory inputs and their obstructed processing and response to sensory information can lead to daily activities limitations. This article discusses sensory integration and sensory integration dysfunction. Additionally, it offers sensory integration therapy recommendations for children with cerebral palsy.
Sensation[edit | edit source]
Sensory Integration[edit | edit source]
Sensory integration "is the potential to develop adequate motor and behavioural reactions to stimulus"--Ayres
The input from the senses is received, organised and interpreted to create a reaction appropriate to the type of stimulation received. This is called sensory processing.
Sensory Integration Dysfunction[edit | edit source]
Sensory Integration Disorder is "difficulty detecting, modulating, interpreting, and/or responding to sensory inputs, which is severe enough to disrupt participation in everyday living activities and routines, as well as learning."[3]
Sensory integration dysfunction is a problem in the ability to ‘‘organise sensory information for use.’’[5]--Ayres
Sensory Integration Dysfunction and Cerebral Palsy[edit | edit source]
Sensory Integration Therapy[edit | edit source]
- Targets seven sensations:auditory, visual, gustatory (taste), olfactory (smell), somatosensory (proprioception and touch), vestibular, and interoceptive (the sense involved in the detection of internal regulation, such as heart rate, respiration, hunger, and digestion)[3]
- It is postulated that SIT directly improve attentional, emotional, motoric, communication, and/or social difficulties[6]
Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Chumburidze N. Sensory Integration. Plus Course 2024
- ↑ Miller LJ, Nielsen DM, Schoen SA, Brett-Green BA. Perspectives on sensory processing disorder: a call for translational research. Front Integr Neurosci. 2009 Sep 30;3:22.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Camarata S, Miller LJ, Wallace MT. Evaluating Sensory Integration/Sensory Processing Treatment: Issues and Analysis. Front Integr Neurosci. 2020 Nov 26;14:556660.
- ↑ Barakat MKA, Elmeniawy GH, Abdelazeim FH. Sensory systems processing in children with spastic cerebral palsy: a pilot study. Bull Fac Phys Ther. 2021; 26 (27).
- ↑ AYRES AJ. THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERCEPTUAL-MOTOR ABILITIES: A THEORETICAL BASIS FOR TREATMENT OF DYSFUNCTION. Am J Occup Ther. 1963 Nov-Dec;17:221-5.
- ↑ Miller LJ, Fuller DA, Roetenberg J. (2014). Sensational Kids: Hope and Help for Children With Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD). New York, NY: Penguin.
