Opiod Use Disorder: Difference between revisions
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== Associated Co-morbidities == | == Associated Co-morbidities == | ||
As research has shown, there is a high correlation between drug abuse and mental disorders. The National Institute on Drug Abuse has seen this association through national surveys dating back to the 1980s (6). People that are “diagnosed with mood or anxiety disorders are twice as likely to suffer from a drug use disorder” and vice versa (6). While different mental disorders can bring about opioid use disorder, the most common comorbidities associated with opioid use are anxiety and depression (7). | As research has shown, there is a high correlation between drug abuse and mental disorders. The National Institute on Drug Abuse has seen this association through national surveys dating back to the 1980s (6). People that are “diagnosed with mood or anxiety disorders are twice as likely to suffer from a drug use disorder” and vice versa (6). While different mental disorders can bring about opioid use disorder, the most common comorbidities associated with opioid use are anxiety and depression (7). | ||
<br> Another frequent comorbidity associated with opioid use disorder is chronic pain. Both opioid use disorder and chronic pain are driven by neurophysiological changes that can lead to altered or dysfunctional neural patterns (8). Opioids are a common treatment option for those who have recently experienced trauma, surgery, and with chronic pain (8). Opioid use disorder is increased in chronic pain patients due to the risk of noncompliance with drug use (9). The importance of screening an individual with chronic pain for substance use disorder is crucial; this way it can prevent any relapses with previously abused drugs like opioids or set up a strict plan for the individual using the drug (8). <br><br> | <br> Another frequent comorbidity associated with opioid use disorder is chronic pain. Both opioid use disorder and chronic pain are driven by neurophysiological changes that can lead to altered or dysfunctional neural patterns (8). Opioids are a common treatment option for those who have recently experienced trauma, surgery, and with chronic pain (8). Opioid use disorder is increased in chronic pain patients due to the risk of noncompliance with drug use (9). The importance of screening an individual with chronic pain for substance use disorder is crucial; this way it can prevent any relapses with previously abused drugs like opioids or set up a strict plan for the individual using the drug (8). <br><br> | ||
Revision as of 23:05, 10 April 2016
Original Editors - Students from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Top Contributors - Jeanette Lanoire, Ginny Zimlich, WikiSysop, Kim Jackson, 127.0.0.1, Elaine Lonnemann and George Prudden
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
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Prevalence
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Drug overdose deaths are on the rise in the United States. The CDC reported that in 2014 overdose deaths increased 6.5% from the previous year (1). The report also stated that since 2000, overdose death rate had risen 137% (1). Of this rise in overdose deaths 61% was attributed to some type of opioid, with synthetic opioid being the leading of categories examined (1). 78 people die per day due to opioid drug abuse (2).
Results of the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health reported the impact of opioid use disorders among varying demographics. When examining age, the survey found that roughly 586,000 Americans age 12 or older had a heroin use disorder, with average first use age being 28 (3). An estimated 1.9 million Americans age 12 or older reported a pain reliever use disorder (3). Opioid use disorder is more common with males than females with the highest abuse rates among the Native American population (4).
A recent study performed by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration found a trend in among non-medical pain reliever use and its initiation of heroin use (5). More research is being done in this area to examine the relationship among these topics.
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
As research has shown, there is a high correlation between drug abuse and mental disorders. The National Institute on Drug Abuse has seen this association through national surveys dating back to the 1980s (6). People that are “diagnosed with mood or anxiety disorders are twice as likely to suffer from a drug use disorder” and vice versa (6). While different mental disorders can bring about opioid use disorder, the most common comorbidities associated with opioid use are anxiety and depression (7).
Another frequent comorbidity associated with opioid use disorder is chronic pain. Both opioid use disorder and chronic pain are driven by neurophysiological changes that can lead to altered or dysfunctional neural patterns (8). Opioids are a common treatment option for those who have recently experienced trauma, surgery, and with chronic pain (8). Opioid use disorder is increased in chronic pain patients due to the risk of noncompliance with drug use (9). The importance of screening an individual with chronic pain for substance use disorder is crucial; this way it can prevent any relapses with previously abused drugs like opioids or set up a strict plan for the individual using the drug (8).
Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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