Maximal Squat Test: Difference between revisions
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== Purpose == | == Purpose == | ||
[[File: | [[File:FAI Cam deformity.png|thumb|FAI Cam deformity]] | ||
[[Femoroacetabular Impingement|Femoroacetabular impingement]] (FAI) | The maximal squat test is used for screening for [[Femoroacetabular Impingement|Femoroacetabular impingement]] (FAI). Maximal or deep hip flexion during a [[Squat Exercise|squat]], initiates the engagement of the CAM type femoral deformity into the acetabular socket.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
FAI is a cause of hip pain in young adults. It is caused by abnormal morphology in the head of the [[femur]] (CAM) or the acetabulm (PINCER). That leads to abnormal contact between the acetabular rim and the head of the femur resulting in repetitive microtrauma to the hip.<ref name=":0">Ayeni O, Chu R, Hetaimish B, Nur L, Simunovic N, Farrokhyar F, Bedi A, Bhandari M. A painful squat test provides limited diagnostic utility in CAM-type femoroacetabular impingement. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2014 Apr;22(4):806-11.</ref> | |||
== Technique == | == Technique == | ||
[[File:Squat Technique.jpeg|thumb|alt=| | [[File:Squat Technique.jpeg|thumb|alt=|200x200px|Squat Technique]] | ||
The patient stands with their legs shoulder apart and perform a deep squat reaching as low as possible. | The patient stands with their legs shoulder apart and perform a deep squat reaching as low as possible. | ||
Revision as of 02:23, 8 November 2022
Purpose[edit | edit source]
The maximal squat test is used for screening for Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Maximal or deep hip flexion during a squat, initiates the engagement of the CAM type femoral deformity into the acetabular socket.[1]
FAI is a cause of hip pain in young adults. It is caused by abnormal morphology in the head of the femur (CAM) or the acetabulm (PINCER). That leads to abnormal contact between the acetabular rim and the head of the femur resulting in repetitive microtrauma to the hip.[1]
Technique[edit | edit source]
The patient stands with their legs shoulder apart and perform a deep squat reaching as low as possible.
The test is positive if the maximal squat recreated the patient’s typical hip and groin pain.[1]
Evidence[edit | edit source]
The sensitivity and specificity of the maximal squat test were 75 % and 41 %, respectively, for CAM-type FAI deformity. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were modest at 1.3 and 0.6, respectively.[1]
