Lunate: Difference between revisions

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<div class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''- [[User:Nina Myburg|Nina Myburg]] '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}</div>
'''Original Editor'''
 
'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}  
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== Description  ==
== Description  ==
The name of the lunate bone derives from the "crescent-shaped" (Latin: ''lunatus''),<sup>[5]</sup> from Latin ''luna'' ("moon"), from the bone's resemblance to a crescent moon. In amphibians and reptiles, the bone is instead referred to as the '''''intermedium''''', because of its position between the other two proximal carpals.
The lunate is one of eight carpal bones that form part of the wrist joint. It is situated in the center of the proximal row of carpal bones. The word lunate is derived from the Latin word ''luna'' which means "crescent-shaped" or ("moon), The bone's shape resembles that of a crescent moon.<ref name=":0">Gray H. ''[https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html Anatomy of the Human Body].'' Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918 Available from: https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html [Accessed 19 June 2019] </ref>
[[File:Lunate bone (left hand) - animation01.gif|center|thumb|Lunate bone (Left hand) - Animation]]


The lunate bone may be distinguished by its deep concavity and crescentic outline. It is situated in the center of the proximal row of the carpus, between the navicular and triangular. The '''superior surface,''' convex and smooth, articulates with the radius. The '''inferior surface''' is deeply concave, and of greater extent from before backward than transversely: it articulates with the head of the capitate, and, by a long, narrow facet (separated by a ridge from the general surface), with the hamate. The '''dorsal''' and '''volar surfaces''' are rough, for the attachment of ligaments, the former being the broader, and of a somewhat rounded form. The '''lateral surface''' presents a narrow, flattened, semilunar facet for articulation with the navicular. The '''medial surface''' is marked by a smooth, quadrilateral facet, for articulation with the triangular.<ref name=":0">Gray H. ''[https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html Anatomy of the Human Body].'' Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918 Available from: https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html [Accessed 19 June 2019] </ref>
== Structure  ==
The lunate It is situated in the center of the proximal row of the carpal bones between the [[scaphoid]] and [[triquetrum]].<ref>Moore KL, Dalley AF. ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy.'' Fifth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 2006</ref> It is crescent-shaped with a few articulation surfaces. The lunate is stabilised by a ligament to the [[scaphoid]] and a ligament to the [[triquetrum]]. Ligaments between the [[radius]] and lunate also stabilise the position of the lunate, 


The '''lunate bone''' ('''semilunar bone''') is a carpal bone in the human hand. It is distinguished by its deep concavity and crescentic outline. It is situated in the center of the proximal row carpal bones, which lie between the ulnaand radius and the hand. The lunate carpal bone is situated between the lateral scaphoid bone and medial triquetral bone.
[[File:Lunate bone (left hand) - animation02.gif|center|thumb|Lunate Bone - Animation]]  
 
he lunate is a crescent-shaped carpal bone found within the hand. The lunate is found within the proximal row of carpal bones. Proximally, it abuts the radius. Laterally, it articulates with the scaphoid, medially with the triquetral, and distally with the capitate. The lunate also articulates on its distal and medial surface with the hamate bone.<sup>[1]:708[2]</sup>
 
The lunate is stabilised by a medial ligament to the scaphoid and a lateral ligament to the triquetrum. Ligaments between the radius and carpal bone also stabilise the position of the lunate, as does its position in the lunate fossa of the radius.<sup>[2]</sup>
 
he proximal surface of the lunate bone is smooth and convex, articulating with the radius. The lateral surface is flat and narrow, with a crescentic facet for articulation with the scaphoid. The medial surface possesses a smooth and quadrilateral facet for articulation with the triquetral. The palmar surface is rough, as is the dorsal surface. The dorsal surface is broad and rounded. The distal surface of the bone is deep and concave.<sup>[3]</sup>
 
<ref>Moore KL, Dalley AF. ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy.'' Fifth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 2006</ref>
 
== Structure  ==


== Function  ==
== Function  ==
The carpal bones function as a unit to provide a bony superstructure for the hand.<sup>[1]:708</sup> As a proximal carpal bone, the lunate is also involved in movement of the wrist
The carpal bones function as a unit to provide bony structure to the [[Wrist and Hand|hand and wrist.]] As a proximal carpal bone, the lunate together with the scaphoid, radius and [[ulna]] is also involved in movement of the wrist.


== Articulations  ==
== Articulations  ==
The lunate articulates with ''five'' bones: the radius proximally, capitate and hamate distally, navicular laterally, and triangular medially.<ref name=":0" />
The lunate articulates with five bones: the [[radius]] proximally, [[capitate]] and [[hamate]] distally, [[scaphoid]] laterally, and [[triquetrum]] medially.<ref name=":0" />


== Muscle attachments  ==
== Clinical Relevance ==
An infrequent condition which results due to loss of blood supply resulting in avascular necrosis of lunate known as [[Kienbock's Disease|Kienbock's disease]] is identified in some individuals.


== Clinical relevance  ==
==== Signs and symptoms ====
* Wrist pain
* Tenderness directly over the lunate bone
* Decreased motion or stiffness of the wrist
* Swelling


== See also  ==
== See also  ==
* [[Lunate Instability]]
* [[Lunate Instability]]
* [[Lunotriquetral Ligament Tears]]
* [[Lunotriquetral Ligament]]
* [[Lunotriquetral dissociation]]
* [[Lunotriquetral dissociation]]


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[[Category:Anatomy]]  
[[Category:Anatomy]]  
[[Category:Wrist - Anatomy]]
[[Category:Wrist - Anatomy]]
[[Category:Bones]]
[[Category:Bones]]
[[Category:Bones of the Wrist]]
[[Category:Wrist - Bones]]
[[Category:Hand and Wrist Anatomy]]
 
[[Category:Wrist]]
[[Category:Wrist]]
[[Category:Wrist Bones]]

Latest revision as of 14:01, 20 December 2022

Original Editor - Nina Myburg Top Contributors - Kim Jackson, Nikhil Benhur Abburi, Nina Myburg and Wendy Snyders

Description[edit | edit source]

The lunate is one of eight carpal bones that form part of the wrist joint. It is situated in the center of the proximal row of carpal bones. The word lunate is derived from the Latin word luna which means "crescent-shaped" or ("moon), The bone's shape resembles that of a crescent moon.[1]

Lunate bone (Left hand) - Animation

Structure[edit | edit source]

The lunate It is situated in the center of the proximal row of the carpal bones between the scaphoid and triquetrum.[2] It is crescent-shaped with a few articulation surfaces. The lunate is stabilised by a ligament to the scaphoid and a ligament to the triquetrum. Ligaments between the radius and lunate also stabilise the position of the lunate,

Lunate Bone - Animation

Function[edit | edit source]

The carpal bones function as a unit to provide bony structure to the hand and wrist. As a proximal carpal bone, the lunate together with the scaphoid, radius and ulna is also involved in movement of the wrist.

Articulations[edit | edit source]

The lunate articulates with five bones: the radius proximally, capitate and hamate distally, scaphoid laterally, and triquetrum medially.[1]

Clinical Relevance[edit | edit source]

An infrequent condition which results due to loss of blood supply resulting in avascular necrosis of lunate known as Kienbock's disease is identified in some individuals.

Signs and symptoms[edit | edit source]

  • Wrist pain
  • Tenderness directly over the lunate bone
  • Decreased motion or stiffness of the wrist
  • Swelling

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gray H. Anatomy of the Human Body. Twentieth edition. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1918 Available from: https://www.bartleby.com/107/54.html [Accessed 19 June 2019]
  2. ↑ Moore KL, Dalley AF. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Fifth edition. Philadelphia: Lippincot Williams & Wilkins; 2006
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