Hyoid Bone: Difference between revisions

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The hyoid bone is a horseshoe-shaped structure located at root of the tongue in the anterior neck between the lower jaw and the largest cartilage of the larynx - the thyroid cartilage.  
The hyoid bone is a horseshoe-shaped structure located at root of the tongue in the anterior neck between the lower jaw and the largest cartilage of the larynx - the thyroid cartilage.  


The hyoid has no articulation with other bones, it is only connected distantly to other bones by muscles or ligaments. The hyoid serves as an attachment structure for the tongue and muscles in the floor of the oral cavity above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind, and aids in tongue movement and deglutition.
The hyoid has no direct articulation with other bones, it is only connected distantly to other bones by muscles or ligaments.5 The hyoid serves as an attachment structure for the tongue and muscles in the floor of the oral cavity above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind.1,2 It is suspended from the styloid processes of the temporal bones by the stylohyoid ligaments.3,5 It aids in tongue movement and deglutition.


=== Structure  ===
=== Structure  ===
The hyoid is an irregular boned composed of a body, a pair of greater horns (greater cornua) and a pair of lesser horns( lesser cornua):


== Function  ==
Body – the central part of the bone. It provides origin and insertion to some muscles.


=== Articulations  ===
Greater horn – projects posteriorly, superiorly, and laterally from each end of the body. It acts as a site of attachment for numerous neck muscles.
 
Lesser horn – small projections from the superior aspect of the hyoid bone, near the origin of the greater horn. The stylohyoid ligament is attached to the apex of each horn.


=== Muscle attachments  ===
=== Muscle attachments  ===
The hyoid bone has many muscles attached to it.4
Oral Cavity and Pharynx
Middle pharyngeal constrictor
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus
Suprahyoid
Digastric
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid
Infrahyoid
Thyrohyoid
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
=== Ligament Attachments ===
There are three main ligaments that attach to the hyoid bone.
Stylohyoid ligament
Thyrohyoid membrane
Hyoepiglottic ligament


== Clinical relevance  ==
== Clinical relevance  ==
Fracture of the Hyoid Bone
Fractures of the hyoid are relatively rare due to it's position below the mandible. However, they are characteristically associated with strangulation1. They can also occur as a result of trauma, presenting with pain on speaking, odynophagia and dyspnoea. 1


== Assessment  ==
The hyoid plays an integral role in upper airway the movement and depression of the hyoid has been implicated in obstructive sleep apnea.6
 
== Treatment  ==


== Resources  ==
== Resources  ==

Revision as of 19:28, 22 April 2022

This article is currently under construction and may only be partially complete. Please come back soon to see the finished work! (22/04/2022)

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Description[edit | edit source]

The hyoid bone is a horseshoe-shaped structure located at root of the tongue in the anterior neck between the lower jaw and the largest cartilage of the larynx - the thyroid cartilage.

The hyoid has no direct articulation with other bones, it is only connected distantly to other bones by muscles or ligaments.5 The hyoid serves as an attachment structure for the tongue and muscles in the floor of the oral cavity above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind.1,2 It is suspended from the styloid processes of the temporal bones by the stylohyoid ligaments.3,5 It aids in tongue movement and deglutition.

Structure[edit | edit source]

The hyoid is an irregular boned composed of a body, a pair of greater horns (greater cornua) and a pair of lesser horns( lesser cornua):

Body – the central part of the bone. It provides origin and insertion to some muscles.

Greater horn – projects posteriorly, superiorly, and laterally from each end of the body. It acts as a site of attachment for numerous neck muscles.

Lesser horn – small projections from the superior aspect of the hyoid bone, near the origin of the greater horn. The stylohyoid ligament is attached to the apex of each horn.

Muscle attachments[edit | edit source]

The hyoid bone has many muscles attached to it.4 Oral Cavity and Pharynx Middle pharyngeal constrictor Hyoglossus Genioglossus

Suprahyoid Digastric Stylohyoid Geniohyoid Mylohyoid

Infrahyoid Thyrohyoid Omohyoid Sternohyoid


Ligament Attachments[edit | edit source]

There are three main ligaments that attach to the hyoid bone.

Stylohyoid ligament Thyrohyoid membrane Hyoepiglottic ligament

Clinical relevance[edit | edit source]

Fracture of the Hyoid Bone Fractures of the hyoid are relatively rare due to it's position below the mandible. However, they are characteristically associated with strangulation1. They can also occur as a result of trauma, presenting with pain on speaking, odynophagia and dyspnoea. 1

The hyoid plays an integral role in upper airway the movement and depression of the hyoid has been implicated in obstructive sleep apnea.6

Resources[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]