Female Athlete Triad: Difference between revisions
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= Introduction = | = Introduction = | ||
One of the major medical concerns for women in sports is that of the female athlete triad which was initially defined at the Traid Consensus Conference in 1992<ref>Yeager KK,Agostini R, Nattiv A, Drinkwater BL.The female athlete traid: disordered eating,amenorrhea,osteoporosis. [Commentary].Med. Sci Sports Exer 25:775-7,1993.</ref>.Also known simply as the Triad, this condition is seen in females participating in sports that emphasize leanness or low body weight<ref>Torstveit et al. 2005. ‘The Female Athlete Triad: Are Elite Athletes at Increased Risk?’ Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. vol. 37, no. 2. p. 184-93.</ref>.This behavious may lead to fatal consequences<ref>Hobart, Julie A. and Douglas R. Smucker. 2000. ‘The Female Athlete Triad.’ The American Academy of Family Physicians. &amp;amp;amp;lt; http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000601/3357.html&amp;amp;amp;gt; Retrieved on 2007-10-11</ref>. It is a syndrome which involve 3 distinct and interrelated conditions:<br> | One of the major medical concerns for women in sports is that of the female athlete triad which was initially defined at the Traid Consensus Conference in 1992<ref>Yeager KK,Agostini R, Nattiv A, Drinkwater BL.The female athlete traid: disordered eating,amenorrhea,osteoporosis. [Commentary].Med. Sci Sports Exer 25:775-7,1993.</ref>.Also known simply as the Triad, this condition is seen in females participating in sports that emphasize leanness or low body weight<ref>Torstveit et al. 2005. ‘The Female Athlete Triad: Are Elite Athletes at Increased Risk?’ Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. vol. 37, no. 2. p. 184-93.</ref>.This behavious may lead to fatal consequences<ref>Hobart, Julie A. and Douglas R. Smucker. 2000. ‘The Female Athlete Triad.’ The American Academy of Family Physicians. &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000601/3357.html&amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Retrieved on 2007-10-11</ref>. It is a syndrome which involve 3 distinct and interrelated conditions:<br> | ||
#Disordered Eating (a range of poor nutritional behaviour) | #Disordered Eating (a range of poor nutritional behaviour) | ||
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The problem of the of the female athlete traid collectively, as well as its indiviual components, have since been recognized as potentially serious problems for girls and women in sports worldwide.<ref>Nattive A,Agostini R,Drinkwater BL,Yeager KK; The female athlete traid: the inter-relatedness of disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis.Clin Sports Med 13:405-18,1994.</ref><ref>Otis CL,Drinkwater B, Johnson MD,et al:American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand on the Female Athlete Traid.Med Sci Sports Exer 29:i-ix,1997.</ref>A study by Burrows et al has suggested that the current triad components do not identify all at-risk women; rather, the authors suggest that criteria such as exercise-related menstrual alterations, disordered eating, and osteopenia may be more appropriate<ref>Burrows M, Shepherd H, Bird S, MacLeod K, Ward B. The components of the female athlete triad do not identify all physically active females at risk. J Sports Sci. Oct 2007;25(12):1289-97.</ref>.It is said to be interrelated as if an athlete is suffering from one element of the Triad, it is likely that they are suffering from the other two components of the triad as well<ref>"What is the Triad?". Female Athlete Triad Coalition. Retrieved 14 March 2012.</ref>.<br> | The problem of the of the female athlete traid collectively, as well as its indiviual components, have since been recognized as potentially serious problems for girls and women in sports worldwide.<ref>Nattive A,Agostini R,Drinkwater BL,Yeager KK; The female athlete traid: the inter-relatedness of disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis.Clin Sports Med 13:405-18,1994.</ref><ref>Otis CL,Drinkwater B, Johnson MD,et al:American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand on the Female Athlete Traid.Med Sci Sports Exer 29:i-ix,1997.</ref>A study by Burrows et al has suggested that the current triad components do not identify all at-risk women; rather, the authors suggest that criteria such as exercise-related menstrual alterations, disordered eating, and osteopenia may be more appropriate<ref>Burrows M, Shepherd H, Bird S, MacLeod K, Ward B. The components of the female athlete triad do not identify all physically active females at risk. J Sports Sci. Oct 2007;25(12):1289-97.</ref>.It is said to be interrelated as if an athlete is suffering from one element of the Triad, it is likely that they are suffering from the other two components of the triad as well<ref>"What is the Triad?". Female Athlete Triad Coalition. Retrieved 14 March 2012.</ref>.<br> | ||
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[[Category:Womens Health]][[Category:Sports Medicine]]<br> | |||
Revision as of 20:36, 30 April 2014
Original Editor Aarti Sareen
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
One of the major medical concerns for women in sports is that of the female athlete triad which was initially defined at the Traid Consensus Conference in 1992[1].Also known simply as the Triad, this condition is seen in females participating in sports that emphasize leanness or low body weight[2].This behavious may lead to fatal consequences[3]. It is a syndrome which involve 3 distinct and interrelated conditions:
- Disordered Eating (a range of poor nutritional behaviour)
- Amenorrhea (irregular or absent menstural periods)
- Osteoporosis (low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, which leads to weak bones and risk of fractures)
The problem of the of the female athlete traid collectively, as well as its indiviual components, have since been recognized as potentially serious problems for girls and women in sports worldwide.[4][5]A study by Burrows et al has suggested that the current triad components do not identify all at-risk women; rather, the authors suggest that criteria such as exercise-related menstrual alterations, disordered eating, and osteopenia may be more appropriate[6].It is said to be interrelated as if an athlete is suffering from one element of the Triad, it is likely that they are suffering from the other two components of the triad as well[7].
Etiology[edit | edit source]
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
The female athlete triad, though more common in the athletic population, can also occur in the nonathletic population.All female athletes are at risk for the female athlete triad or any of its components, sports that have an aesthetic component e.g.in ballet, figure skating, or gymnastics or are tied to a weight class (eg, tae kwon do, judo, or wrestling) have a higher prevalence of affected female athletes[8][9][10].Weight class sports associated with disordered eating, in athlets including males are,wresting,rowing
Signs & Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Yeager KK,Agostini R, Nattiv A, Drinkwater BL.The female athlete traid: disordered eating,amenorrhea,osteoporosis. [Commentary].Med. Sci Sports Exer 25:775-7,1993.
- ↑ Torstveit et al. 2005. ‘The Female Athlete Triad: Are Elite Athletes at Increased Risk?’ Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. vol. 37, no. 2. p. 184-93.
- ↑ Hobart, Julie A. and Douglas R. Smucker. 2000. ‘The Female Athlete Triad.’ The American Academy of Family Physicians. &amp;amp;amp;lt; http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000601/3357.html&amp;amp;amp;gt; Retrieved on 2007-10-11
- ↑ Nattive A,Agostini R,Drinkwater BL,Yeager KK; The female athlete traid: the inter-relatedness of disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis.Clin Sports Med 13:405-18,1994.
- ↑ Otis CL,Drinkwater B, Johnson MD,et al:American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand on the Female Athlete Traid.Med Sci Sports Exer 29:i-ix,1997.
- ↑ Burrows M, Shepherd H, Bird S, MacLeod K, Ward B. The components of the female athlete triad do not identify all physically active females at risk. J Sports Sci. Oct 2007;25(12):1289-97.
- ↑ "What is the Triad?". Female Athlete Triad Coalition. Retrieved 14 March 2012.
- ↑ Nattiv A, Loucks AB, Manore MM, et al. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. The female athlete triad. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Oct 2007;39(10):1867-82.
- ↑ Rosen LW, Hough DO. Pathogenic weight-control behavior of female college gymnasts. Phys Sportsmed. 1988;16(9):141-6.
- ↑ Kiernan M, Rodin J, Brownell KD, Wilmore JH, Crandall C. Relation of level of exercise, age, and weight-cycling history to weight and eating concerns in male and female runners. Health Psychol. 1992;11(6):418-21.
