Cellulitis: Difference between revisions
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<div class="noeditbox">Welcome to [[Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems|PT 635 Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems]] This is a wiki created by and for the students in the School of Physical Therapy at Bellarmine University in Louisville KY. Please do not edit unless you are involved in this project, but please come back in the near future to check out new information!!</div><div class="editorbox"> | <div class="noeditbox">Welcome to [[Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems|PT 635 Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems]] This is a wiki created by and for the students in the School of Physical Therapy at Bellarmine University in Louisville KY. Please do not edit unless you are involved in this project, but please come back in the near future to check out new information!!</div><div class="editorbox">'''Original Editors '''- [[Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems|Students from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.]] '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} </div> | ||
'''Original Editors '''- [[Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems|Students from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.]] | == Definition/Description == Cellulitis is a '''localized bacterial skin infection''', which typically affects the lower limbs but can occur on any area of skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue &nbsp;It is characterized by acute onset of&nbsp;'''redness, inflammation, pain, and swelling '''of the affected area. Accompanying symptoms include generalized fever, rigors, nausea, and vomiting.<ref name="Mason" /><br> The infection is most commonly caused by B-Hemolytic Streptococci bacteria and reoccurs up to 50% of the time in the lower extremity.<ref name="Tsai" /> Most individuals diagnosed with cellulitis have a low risk of severe complications but few suffers can have severe sepsis, local gangrene, and/or necrotising fasciitis.<ref name="Mason" /> [[Image:Mild cellulitis.jpg|center|250x200px]] A mild case of cellulitis<ref name="Medscape">Medscape. Cellulitis. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/214222-overview (accessed 27 Feb 2017).</ref> [[Image:Severe cellulitis.jpg|center|250x200px]] A severe case of cellulitis that developed under a cast<ref name="Medscape" /><br> == Prevalence == *650,000 hospital admissions per year in the United States are due to cellulitis.<ref>Raff AB, Kroshinsky D. Cellulitis: A Review. JAMA. 2016;316(3):325-37. http://jamanetwork.com/pdfaccess.ashx?url=/data/journals/jama/935437/ (accessed 27 Feb 2017).</ref> *When hospitalized, patients with recurrent cellulitis require longer hospitalizations relative to nonrelapsing cellulitis patients.<ref name="Raff" /> *From 1998-2006, '''10% of all infectious-disease hospitalizations '''were related to cellulitis<ref name="Raff" /> *22-49% of patients who have cellulitis report at least one previous episode<ref name="Raff" /> *Recurrences, typically in the same location, occur approximately 14% of cellulitis cases within 1 year and in 45% of cases within 3 years<ref name="Raff" /><br> <br> | ||
== Characteristics/Clinical Presentation == Typical symptoms include acute poorly demarcated and spreading erythema along with pain, swelling, and warmth of the lower extremity but can occur on any area of skin or underlying subcutaneous tissue.<ref name="Tsai" /><ref name="Raff" /> Additional symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, and rigors<ref name="Raff" />.<ref name="Kilburn">Kilburn SA, Featherstone P, Higgins B, Brindle R. Interventions for cellulitis and erysipelas. (Cochrane review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010(6):CD004299.</ref>Other features include proximal dilated and edematous skin lymphatics and bulla formation. Cellulitis predominantly has a unilateral presentation, most commonly in the lower extremity.<ref name="Raff" /><br> Classic presentation of cellulitis: poorly demarcated erythema<ref name="Bailey">Bailey E, Kroshinsky D. Cellulitis: Diagnosis and Management. Dermatologic Therapy. 2011;24:229–39.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1529-8019.2011.01398.x/full (accessed 15 Mar 2017).</ref> | |||
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<br> == Associated Co-morbidities == add text here <br> == Medications == add text here <br> == Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == add text here <br> == Etiology/Causes == add text here <br> == Systemic Involvement == add text here == Medical Management (current best evidence) == add text here == Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence) == add text here == Differential Diagnosis == add text here == Case Reports/ Case Studies == add links to case studies here (case studies should be added on new pages using the [[Template:Case Study|case study template]])<br> == Resources <br> == add appropriate resources here == Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed]) == see tutorial on [[Adding PubMed Feed|Adding PubMed Feed]] | |||
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== Associated Co-morbidities | |||
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== Medications | |||
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== Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values | |||
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== Etiology/Causes | |||
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== Systemic Involvement | |||
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== Medical Management (current best evidence) | |||
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== Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence) | |||
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== Differential Diagnosis | |||
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== Case Reports/ Case Studies | |||
add links to case studies here (case studies should be added on new pages using the [[Template:Case Study|case study template]])<br> | |||
== Resources <br> | |||
add appropriate resources here | |||
== Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed]) | |||
see tutorial on [[Adding PubMed Feed|Adding PubMed Feed]] | |||
<div class="researchbox"> | |||
<rss>addfeedhere|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10</rss> | |||
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== References | |||
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Revision as of 02:24, 11 April 2017
== Definition/Description == Cellulitis is a localized bacterial skin infection, which typically affects the lower limbs but can occur on any area of skin and underlying subcutaneous tissue It is characterized by acute onset of redness, inflammation, pain, and swelling of the affected area. Accompanying symptoms include generalized fever, rigors, nausea, and vomiting.[1]
The infection is most commonly caused by B-Hemolytic Streptococci bacteria and reoccurs up to 50% of the time in the lower extremity.[2] Most individuals diagnosed with cellulitis have a low risk of severe complications but few suffers can have severe sepsis, local gangrene, and/or necrotising fasciitis.[1]
A mild case of cellulitis[3]
A severe case of cellulitis that developed under a cast[3]
== Prevalence == *650,000 hospital admissions per year in the United States are due to cellulitis.[4] *When hospitalized, patients with recurrent cellulitis require longer hospitalizations relative to nonrelapsing cellulitis patients.[5] *From 1998-2006, 10% of all infectious-disease hospitalizations were related to cellulitis[5] *22-49% of patients who have cellulitis report at least one previous episode[5] *Recurrences, typically in the same location, occur approximately 14% of cellulitis cases within 1 year and in 45% of cases within 3 years[5]
== Characteristics/Clinical Presentation == Typical symptoms include acute poorly demarcated and spreading erythema along with pain, swelling, and warmth of the lower extremity but can occur on any area of skin or underlying subcutaneous tissue.[2][5] Additional symptoms may include fever, nausea, vomiting, and rigors[5].[6]Other features include proximal dilated and edematous skin lymphatics and bulla formation. Cellulitis predominantly has a unilateral presentation, most commonly in the lower extremity.[5]
Classic presentation of cellulitis: poorly demarcated erythema[7]
== Associated Co-morbidities == add text here
== Medications == add text here
== Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == add text here
== Etiology/Causes == add text here
== Systemic Involvement == add text here == Medical Management (current best evidence) == add text here == Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence) == add text here == Differential Diagnosis == add text here == Case Reports/ Case Studies == add links to case studies here (case studies should be added on new pages using the case study template)
== Resources
== add appropriate resources here == Recent Related Research (from Pubmed) == see tutorial on Adding PubMed Feed
== References == see adding references tutorial.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedMason - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedTsai - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Medscape. Cellulitis. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/214222-overview (accessed 27 Feb 2017).
- ↑ Raff AB, Kroshinsky D. Cellulitis: A Review. JAMA. 2016;316(3):325-37. http://jamanetwork.com/pdfaccess.ashx?url=/data/journals/jama/935437/ (accessed 27 Feb 2017).
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedRaff - ↑ Kilburn SA, Featherstone P, Higgins B, Brindle R. Interventions for cellulitis and erysipelas. (Cochrane review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010(6):CD004299.
- ↑ Bailey E, Kroshinsky D. Cellulitis: Diagnosis and Management. Dermatologic Therapy. 2011;24:229–39.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1529-8019.2011.01398.x/full (accessed 15 Mar 2017).
