Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Original Editors - Students from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Top Contributors - Abbye Senn, Colleen Nalley, Lucinda hampton, Rachael Lowe, Elaine Lonnemann, Evan Thomas, WikiSysop, Fasuba Ayobami, Kim Jackson, Vidya Acharya and Amanda Ager
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Type 1 is a chronic disorder that is characterized by hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and disruption in metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It occurs because of little or no insulin being produced in the body. It occurs in children or young adults, usually before the age of 30. It has an abrupt onset usually and most individuals have a thin or normal body weight at onset. It is managed by diet, exercise, and insulin injections. It can result in serious vessel vascular complications and neuropathies. It can be a major cause of cardiovascular disease and strokes, due to the effect it has on vessels and nerves. It is also the leading cause of end-stage renal (kidney) disease, non-traumatic amputations in the lower extremity, and new cases of blindness. Autoimmune, environmental, and genetic causes may put individuals at more risk than others of developing Type 1 DM.
Prevalence[edit | edit source]
- ~10% of all Diabetes cases are Type 1 DM
- 29.1 million Americans had Diabetes (2012)
- 1.25 million Americans had Type 1 DM (2012)
- 208,000 Americans under the age of 20 estimated to have Diabetes, which is 0.25% of the population
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
- Polyuria (increased urination)
- Polydipsia (increased thirst)
- Polyphagia (Increased appetite)*
- Glycosuria (glucose in urine)
- Weight loss despite polyphagia*
- Hyperglycemia (increased blood glucose)
- Ketonuria (ketones in urine)
- Fatigue
- Generalized weakness
- Blurred vision
- Irritability
- Recurring skin, gum, bladder, vaginal, or other infections
- Numbness or tingling in hands or feet
- Cuts, scrapes, or bruises that are difficult or slow to heal
- Periarthritis (especially shoulder)*
- Hand stiffness
- = Occurs primarily in Type 1 Diabetes
Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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